Wet Processing I Introduction PDF

Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
1. INTRODUCTION
[Here, * = Reference of Moshiour Rahman.]
Q.
Define wet processing. Describe its main divisions.
Ans: The process by which the textile mtls are treated associated with water is called wet processing.
There are mainly 3 divisions of wet processingi)
Pretreatment: The process, which are done to make the textile mtl suitable for dyeing
& printing are called pre-treatment. Such as desizing, scouring, bleaching etc.
ii)
Dyeing & printing: The process by which the textile mtl are coloured by different
types of dye or pigments, related chemicals required water is called dyeing. Localized
application of dyestuff or pigments on fabric according to the predetermined design is
called printing.
iii)
Finishing: The process by which the textile mtls are made suitable for marketing to
satisfaction / attraction of buyer are called finishing i.e. calendaring, leveling,
anti-creasing, mercerizing, packaging etc.
Q.
Definition of some important terms.*
Ans: 1) Stitching: To increase the length of the fabric for making suitable for processing is called stitching.
It is done by plain sewing m/c.
2) Brushing: To remove the loose fibre & loose ends of the warp & weft threads is known as brushing.
3) Shearing / Cropping: The process by which the attached ends of the warp & weft thread is removed
by cutting by the knives or blades is called shearing. Shearing is done for cotton & cropping for jute.
4) Sinzing: The process by which the protruding / projecting fibres are removed from the fabrics by
burning / heat to increase the smoothness of the fabric is called sinzing.
5) Desizing: The process by which the sizing mtls (starch) are removed from the fabric is known as
desizing.
6) Scouring: The process by which the natural impurities (oil, wax, fat etc) & added / external /
advantatious impurities (dirt, dust etc) are removed from the fabric is called scouring. It is done by
strong NaOH.
7) Souring: The process by which the alkali are removed from the scoured fabric with dilute acid
solution is known as souring.
8) Bleaching: The process by which the natural colours (nitrogeneous substance) are removed from
the fabric to make the fabric pure & permanent white is known as bleaching. It is done by bleaching
agent.
9) Mercerizing: The process by which the cellulosic mtls / substance are treated with highly conc.
NaOH to impart some properties such as strength, absorbency capacity, lusture is known as
mercerizing. It is optional. If the fabrics are 100% export oriented then it is done by highly conc.
NaOH (48-52 Tw).
PREPARED BY :
Abdullah Nur Uddin Rony & Khurshedul Alam
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
10) Washing: Washing is done by firstly cold wash, then hot wash (80C) & finally normal wash.
11) Heat setting: The process by which the width of the fabrics are adjusted by heat is called heat setting.
12) After treatment: The process by which the loose dyes are removed from the dyed fabrics to increase
the lusture & fastness property of the fabric is known as after treatment.
13) Calendaring: It is done to remove the undesirable creese & crinkle.
14) Steaming / Curing: To fix up the dyestuff / pigment with the fabric. Steaming is used for dyestuff &
it is done in 100-105C. curing is used for pigments & it is done in 120-180C.
15) Stentering: It is done to increase / adjust the width of the fabric.
Q.
Write down the process sequence of wet processing technology.*
Ans:
GREY FABRIC
Inspection & Stitching
Sinzing
Desizing
Scouring
Bleaching
Mercerising
Dyeing
Printing
Finishing
Q.
Ans:
Write down the process sequence of wet processing of knit fabric.

Inspection of grey fabric
from knitting m/c
roll breaking & turning
Scouring
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Souring
Bleaching
(in case of finished fabric)

(in case of dyed fabric)
(in case of printed fabric)
Hydroextructing
Open width form

Tube form
Hydroextructing
Steam setting
Hydroextructing
Dyeing
Drying
Calendering
Drying
Hydroextructing
Sliting
Final inspection
Sliting
Steam setting
printing
Rolling
Dyeing
Calendering
Steaming / Curing
Packing
Stentering
Final inspection
Stentering
Storing in
store room
Compacting
Folding /Rolling
Compacting
Calendering
Packing
Calendering
Final inspection
Storing in
Final inspection
store room
Folding / Rolling
Folding / Rolling
Packing
Packing
Storing in
Storing in
store room
store room
Q
write down the process sequence of wet processing of woven cotton fabric / yarn.
Noakhali textile-'08.
Ans:

from knitting m/c
Stitching
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Brushing
Sinzing
Desizing
Scouring
Souring
Bleaching
Mercerizing
Washing
Heat setting / Stendering
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
After treatment
Drying
Calendering
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Drying
Steaming / Curing
Washing
Stendering
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
Packaging
Storing in
store room
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Q. write down the process sequence of wet processing of polyester (woven)
fabric).
Ans:

from knitting m/c
Stitching
Washing
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Dyeing
After treatment /
Reduction clearing
Drying
Calendering
Final inspection
Printing
Curing
Folding / Rolling
Washing
Stendering
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Q. write down the process sequence of wet processing of blended cotton-polyester /
cotton-tetron fabric.
Noakhali textile-'09
Ans:
Inspection of grey
Fabric from loom
Stitching
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Brushing
Sinzing
Shearing / Cropping
Desizing
Scouring
Souring
Bleaching
Mercerizing
Washing
Finishing
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Dyeing of the polyester part
Reduction clearing
Dyeing of the cotton part
After treatment
Drying
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
Printing
Drying
Steaming / Curing
Washing
Stentering
Calendering
Final inspection
Folding / Rolling
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Q.
write down the process sequence of wet processing of silk fibre.
Ans:
Silk
Degumming
Bleaching
Dyeing
Washing
(in case of yarn)
Hydro-extruction
Drying
Reeling
Bundling
Baling
Q.
Ans:
Packaging
Storing in
store room
Winding
Packing
Selling
(in case of fabric)
Drying
Calendering
Folding / Rolling
Packing
Selling
write down the process sequence of wet processing of wool fibre.

Wool
Carbonizing
Washing
Scouring
Bleaching
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch
Wet Processing I
(Pretreatment)
Souring
Washing
Dyeing
After treatment
Drying
Finishing
PREPARED BY :
BTEC, 2nd Batch

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What are the main divisions of wet processing?

What are the main divisions of wet processing?

What are some important terms defined in the text?

What are some important terms defined in the text?

Wet Processing I

Define wet processing. Describe its main divisions.

Definition of some important terms.*

Write down the process sequence of wet processing technology.*

Inspection & Stitching

Write down the process sequence of wet processing of knit fabric.

roll breaking & turning

(in case of finished fabric)

Open width form

Inspection of grey fabric

Heat setting / Stendering

(in case of finished fabric)

(in case of dyed fabric)

(in case of printed fabric)

Inspection of grey fabric

(in case of finished fabric)

Heat setting / Stendering

(in case of dyed fabric)

Heat setting / Stendering

(in case of printed fabric)

Q. write down the process sequence of wet processing of blended cotton-polyester /

Heat setting / Stendering

(in case of finished fabric)

(in case of dyed fabric)

Dyeing of the polyester part

Dyeing of the cotton part

(in case of printed fabric)

write down the process sequence of wet processing of silk fibre.

(in case of yarn)

(in case of fabric)

write down the process sequence of wet processing of wool fibre.

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