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    Compressed Air7

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    Compressed Air - Energy

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    Compressed Air7

    Uploaded by

    packiandavid1982
    21 views2 pages
    Compressed Air - Energy

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

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    Compressed Air - Energy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    21 views2 pages

    Compressed Air7

    Uploaded by

    packiandavid1982
    Compressed Air - Energy

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    of 2

    Energy Tips Compressed Air

    Compressed Air Tip Sheet #7 August 2004

    Suggested Actions
    Understand your system requirements by developing a pressure
    and a demand profile before
    investing in additional controls.
    Identify end uses that are affected
    by pressure problems.
    Check existing equipment to
    ensure that it is in good operating
    condition.
    Eliminate inappropriate uses,
    fix major leaks, and implement a
    leak management program.

    Once these actions have been taken,


    work with a compressed air specialist to match your control strategy to
    your actual system needs.

    References
    From Compressed Air Challenge
    (CAC):
    The Compressed Air System Best
    Practices Manual, Guidelines for
    Selecting a Compressed Air System
    Service Provider
    From DOEs Industrial Technologies
    Program and CAC:
    Improving Compressed Air System
    Performance: A Sourcebook for
    Industry

    Training
    Fundamentals of Compressed Air
    Systems 1 day
    Advanced Management of
    Compressed Air Systems 2 days
    Offered by the Compressed Air
    Challenge; for the latest course
    schedule and locations see
    www.compressedairchallenge.org

    Industrial Technologies Program

    Compressed Air System Control Strategies


    Improving and maintaining compressed air system performance requires not only
    addressing individual components, but also analyzing both the supply and demand
    sides of the system and how they interact, especially during periods of peak demand.
    This practice is often referred to as taking a systems approach because the focus is
    shifted away from components to total system performance.

    Matching Supply with Demand


    With compressed air systems, system dynamics (changes in demand over time) are
    especially important. Using controls, storage, and demand management to effectively design a system that meets peak requirements but also operates efficiently at
    part-load is key to a high performance compressed air system. In many systems,
    compressor controls are not coordinated to meet the demand requirements, which
    can result in compressors operating in conflict with each other, short-cycling, or
    blowing offall signs of inefficient system operation.

    Individual Compressor Controls


    Over the years, compressor manufacturers have developed a number of different
    types of control strategies. Controls such as start/stop and load/unload respond to
    reductions in air demand by turning the compressor off or unloading it so that it
    does not deliver air for periods of time. Modulating inlet and multi-step controls
    allow the compressor to operate at part-load and deliver a reduced amount of air
    during periods of reduced demand. Variable speed controls reduce the speed of the
    compressor in low demand periods. Compressors running at part-load are generally
    less efficient than when they are run at full-load.

    Multiple Compressor Controls


    Systems with multiple compressors should use more sophisticated controls to
    orchestrate compressor operation and air delivery to the system. Network controls
    use the on-board compressor controls microprocessors linked together to form a
    chain of communication that makes decisions to stop/start, load/unload, modulate,
    and vary displacement and speed. Usually, one compressor assumes the lead role
    with the others being subordinate to the commands from this compressor. System
    master controls coordinate all of the functions necessary to optimize compressed air
    as a utility. System master controls have many functional capabilities, including the
    ability to monitor and control all components in the system, as well as trending data,
    to enhance maintenance functions and minimize costs of operation. Most multiple
    compressor controls operate the appropriate number of compressors at full-load and
    have one compressor trimming (running at part-load) to match supply with demand.

    Pressure/Flow Controllers
    For additional information on industrial
    energy efficiency measures, contact the
    EERE Information Center at 1-877-337-3463
    or visit the BestPractices Web site at
    www.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices.

    Pressure/Flow Controllers (P/FC) are system pressure controls that can be used in
    conjunction with the individual and multiple compressor controls described above.
    A P/FC does not directly control a compressor and is generally not part of a

    compressor package. A P/FC is a device that serves to separate the supply side of a
    compressor system from the demand side, and requires the use of storage.
    Controlled storage can be used to address intermittent loads, which can affect system
    pressure and reliability. The goal is to deliver compressed air at the lowest stable
    pressure to the main plant distribution system and to support transient events as
    much as possible with stored compressed air. In general, a highly variable demand
    load will require a more sophisticated control strategy to maintain stable system
    pressure than a consistent, steady demand load.

    BestPractices is part of the Industrial


    Technologies Program Industries of the
    Future strategy, which helps the countrys
    most energy-intensive industries improve
    their competitiveness. BestPractices brings
    together emerging technologies and best
    energy-management practices to help
    companies begin improving energy efficiency,
    environmental performance, and productivity
    right now.
    BestPractices emphasizes plant systems,
    where significant efficiency improvements
    and savings can be achieved. Industry gains
    easy access to near-term and long-term
    solutions for improving the performance of
    motor, steam, compressed air, and process
    heating systems. In addition, the Industrial
    Assessment Centers provide comprehensive
    industrial energy evaluations to small- and
    medium-size manufacturers.

    FOR ADDITIONAL INFORMATION,


    PLEASE CONTACT:
    EERE Information Center
    1-877-EERE-INF
    (1-877-337-3463)
    www.eere.energy.gov

    About DOEs Industrial Technologies Program


    The Industrial Technologies Program, through partnerships with industry, government,
    and non-governmental organizations, develops and delivers advanced energy efficiency,
    renewable energy, and pollution prevention technologies for industrial applications. The
    Industrial Technologies Program is part of the U.S. Department of Energys Office of
    Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
    The Industrial Technologies Program encourages industry-wide efforts to boost resource
    productivity through a strategy called Industries of the Future (IOF). IOF focuses on the
    following eight energy and resource intensive industries:
    Forest Products
    Metal Casting
    Petroleum
    Aluminum
    Glass
    Mining
    Steel
    Chemicals
    The Industrial Technologies Program and its BestPractices activities offer a wide variety
    of resources to industrial partners that cover motor, steam, compressed air, and process
    heating systems. For example, BestPractices software can help you decide whether to
    replace or rewind motors (MotorMaster+), assess the efficiency of pumping systems
    (PSAT), compressed air systems (AirMaster+), steam systems (Steam Scoping Tool), or
    determine optimal insulation thickness for pipes and pressure vessels (3E Plus). Training
    is available to help you or your staff learn how to use these software programs and learn
    more about industrial systems. Workshops are held around the country on topics such as
    Capturing the Value of Steam Efficiency, Fundamentals and Advanced Management
    of Compressed Air Systems, and Motor System Management. Available technical
    publications range from case studies and tip sheets to sourcebooks and market assessments.
    The Energy Matters newsletter, for example, provides timely articles and information on
    comprehensive energy systems for industry. You can access these resources and more by
    visiting the BestPractices Web site at www.eere.energy.gov/industry/bestpractices
    or by contacting the EERE Information Center at 877-337-3463 or via the Web at
    www.eere.energy.gov/informationcenter/.

    Industrial Technologies Program


    Energy Efficiency
    and Renewable Energy
    U.S. Department of Energy
    Washington, DC 20585-0121
    www.eere.energy.gov/industry

    A S TRONG E NERGY P ORTFOLIO


    FOR A S TRONG A MERICA
    Energy efficiency and clean, renewable
    energy will mean a stronger economy, a
    cleaner environment, and greater energy
    independence for America. Working
    with a wide array of state, community,
    industry, and university partners, the U.S.
    Department of Energys Office of Energy
    Efficiency and Renewable Energy invests in
    a diverse portfolio of energy technologies.
    DOE/GO-102004-1930
    August 2004
    Compressed Air Tip Sheet #7

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