STRUCTURAL DESIGN Report

Structural Design Report
1. Introduction This report deals with the methodology of the Structural Analysis and Design of Public building. 2. Basic Data a. Density of Concrete b. Live Load
= 25 kN/m3 = 2.5 to 4 kN/m2 for Floors = 1.5 kN/m2 for accessible Roof = 0.75 kN/m2 for not accessible Roof = 2 kN/m2 = 19 kN/m3 = 104.2 kN/m2 (at the depth of 3m)
c. Floor Finishing d. Density of Brick e. Soil Bearing Capacity
3. 3d model of building Refer appendix 1 4. Relevant Code followed a. IS 456-2000 : For Design of Structural Elements b. SP 16 : For Design Aid c. SP 34 : For Detailing d. IS 1893-2002: Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design of Structures e. IS 13920:2002: ductile detailing of reinforced concrete structures subjected to seismic forces code of practice. f. IS 2911 (part III)-1980 with amendment on 1987 for design of under rimmed pile, 5. Basic Principal of Analysis of the structure Step for earthquake load a. Earthquake load with seismic coefficient method (IS 1893-2002)
b. Earthquake load with Response spectrum method (IS 1893-2002) c. Magnification of earthquake factor in the Response spectrum method to match seismic coefficient method 6. Basic Principal of Design of Foundation Isolated footing to support the service loads. 7. Software used for Analysis and Design a. SAP2000 VERSION 10 for analysis and design of superstructures b. SAFE for analysis and design of isolated footing. c. Custom Softwares excel sheets. 8. Concrete and Steel Grade Concrete Grade = M25 for all Columns M 20 for foundations, Slabs, Stairs and beams Steel Grade = Fe 500
Note : In the practical field, if laying of concrete mix for columns(M25) and beams(M20) becomes difficult, then M25 Grade of concrete for beams can also be used
9. Preliminary Design for proportioning of the Structural Elements The tentative sizes of the Structural elements are determined through preliminary design so that after analysis, the presumed dimensions may not deviate considerably, thus making the final design both safe and economical. The tentative sizes have been determined as follows: Slab: From Deflection Criteria [Effective Depth = Effective Shorter Span / (26 * MF)]
Beam: For Practical rule as 25mm Depth for 300mm of Span covering deflection Criteria Column: From evaluation of approximate gravity loading coming up to the critical Column. To compensate for the possible eccentric Loading and earthquake loads the size is increased by about 25 % in design. 10. Loads on Structures The following Loads were assumed to occur in Structural System. a. Dead Load Dead Load on the structure comprise the self-weight of the member; weight of the finishes and partition walls. These are usually dependent upon the constructional features and have to be assumed in order to design various structural concrete members. The Wall Load is taken for thickness of either 230 mm or 125 mm as per Architectural Drawing and suitable reduction is made for Window and Door Opening. As the software, we have used, generates the self weight of the Structural member by itself, we have not calculated the self weight. b. Live Load Live loads are as per IS 875: 1987 (reaffirmed 1997) c. Seismic Load For Earthquake Load, 100% of Dead Load and i) 25% of Live Load for load < 3 kN/m2 and ii) 50% of Live load for load > 3 kN/m2are taken into account. Seismic Coefficient method using Indian Code: IS 1893-2002 is applied for Earthquake Analysis of the Structure and the Parameters taken are: Importance Factor, I = 1.5 (Important building, i.e. Hospital) Zone factor, Z = 0.36 (Zone V) Soil Foundation Factor, B = 1
3
Soil Type Performance Factor, K
=I = 1.0
11. Design Methods of Structural Elements We have followed Indian Standard Code of Practice for Plain and Reinforced Concrete, IS: 456-2000 for design of Structural Elements. Limit State Method based on safety and serviceability requirements associated with the design loads and design strengths of the materials. These design loads and design strengths are obtained by applying partial safety factors for characteristic loads and strengths of the materials concrete and steel. We have followed the limit state method which is incorporated in IS: 456-2000. It is consistent with the new philosophy of design termed limit state approach which was incorporated in the Russian Code 1954, the British code BS 8110 1985 and the American Code ACI 318 1989. 12. Limit State Method Limit States The Limit State method of design covers the various forms of failure. There are several limit states at which the structure ceases to function, the most important among them being,
a. The limit state of collapse or total failure of structure. It corresponds to the maximum load carrying capacity. Violation of collapse implies failure. This limit state corresponds to Flexure, Compression, Shear and Torsion.
b. The limit state of serviceability which includes excessive deflection and excessive local damage. Excessive deflection adversely affects the finishes and excessive local damage results in cracking of concrete, which impairs the efficiency, or appearance of the structure.
Load Combinations in Limit State Method
Various Load Combinations are done for critical conditions. Load Combination 1. Dead Load + Live Load 2. Dead Load + Live Load +E/Q Static Load 3. Dead Load + Live Load + E/Q Static Load 4. Dead Load + Live Load + E/Q Static Load 5. Dead Load + Live Load + E/Q Static Load 6. Dead Load + E/Q Static Load 7. Dead Load + E/Q Static Load 8. Dead Load + E/Q Static Load 9. Dead Load + E/Q Static Load 10. Dead Load +E/Q Static Load 11. Dead Load +E/Q Static Load 12. Dead Load +E/Q Static Load 13. Dead Load +E/Q Static Load 14. Dead Load + Live Load +EQSX Spectra 15. Dead Load + Live Load + EQSX Spectra 16. Dead Load + Live Load + EQSX Spectra Load Factor 1.5 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 1.2 1.2 1.2
+ X direction - X direction + Y direction - Y direction + X direction - X direction + Y direction - Y direction + X direction - X direction + Y direction - Y direction + X direction - X direction + Y direction
17. Dead Load + Live Load + EQSX Spectra 18. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 19. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 20. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 21. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 22. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 23. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 24. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra 25. Dead Load + EQSX Spectra
- Y direction + X direction - X direction + Y direction - Y direction + X direction - X direction + Y direction - Y direction
1.2 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.5 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively 0.9 & 1.5 respectively
Analysis and Design of the Structural Elements: The Structure is analyzed and designed by standard software SAP and SAFE. It is the Worlds most popular and widely used structural Engineering Software. It is equipped with the powerful analysis, design, graphics, and visualization capabilities. 13. Detailing of the Structural Elements: The Reinforcement detailing of most of the important structural components have been shown in drawing. They confirm with the relevant sections of the IS Codes IS 456-2000, IS 1893-2002, 13920:2002, IS 4623 SP-16, and SP 34 1987. 14. Output details Seismic Coefficient Method
Load case Dir. Damping Coeff. (%) Period Zone factor (Z) Soil Type Importance factor,(I) Seismic weight (kN) Base Shear (kN) Bases shear Coeff. used
EQX
EQY
Progra m calc. Progra m calc.
0.36
1.5
17054.61
2437.64
0.142
0.36
1.5
17054.61
2437.64
0.142
Response Spectrum Analysis

Load case Dir. Damping Coeff. (%) X 5 Period Zone factor (Z) 0.36 Soil Type Importance factor,(I) Seismic weight (kN) 17054.61 Base Shear (kN) 2114.07
EXX
EYY
Progra m calc. Progra m calc.
1.5
0.36
1.5
17054.61
2318.75
Response Spectrum Analysis with magnified value to match Seismic Coefficient Analysis Time period of first 12 modes Mode 1 Time period(s)
0.5107
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
0.4947 0.4159 0.1825 0.1771 0.1692 0.1254 0.1203 0.1050 0.0875 0.0863 0.0855
Modal Participation Mass Ratio (%) Mode Period UX UY SumUX SumUX RX RY SumRX SumRY 1 0.5107 24.49 52.89 24.49 52.89 14.961 12.772 14.961 12.772 2 0.4947 54.26 30.15 78.75 83.04 8.445 28.089 23.407 40.862 3 0.4159 6.39 2.99 85.14 86.03 0.980 3.338 24.387 44.199 4 0.1825 0.00 4.17 85.14 90.20 0.210 0.000 24.597 44.199 5 0.1771 5.26 0.02 90.40 90.21 0.000 0.313 24.597 44.512 6 0.1692 0.02 0.58 90.43 90.80 0.015 0.003 24.612 44.516 7 0.1254 0.01 1.93 90.43 92.72 0.057 0.003 24.669 44.519 8 0.1203 2.17 0.01 92.60 92.73 0.012 0.056 24.681 44.575 9 0.1050 0.00 0.21 92.60 92.94 0.052 0.006 24.733 44.581
8
10 11 12
0.0875 0.0863 0.0855
0.00 0.02 0.00
0.00 0.01 0.00
92.60 92.62 92.62
92.94 92.94 92.94
29.052 11.276 2.465
18.217 0.711 3.845
53.785 65.061 67.526
62.798 63.509 67.353
Floor roof third second first Ground Basement
Displacement (mm)
Storey drift (mm)
.004*h
27.648 21.85 17.40 11.78 3.17 0
5.791 4.449 5.619 8.617 3.172 0.000
13.4112 13.4112 13.4112 13.4112 13.4112 13.4112
15. Design of Elements

The design of all structural elements is done using Limit State Method. All relevant Limit State must be considered in design to ensure adequate safety and serviceability. The structural elements are designed for the worst combination of the loads.
16. Slab design

Two Way Slab Design Report, Slab Type: S1 ************ Start Design ****************** Given Inputs: Size of Slab Panel, Short Span (Lx) = 5 m
Lone Span (Ly) = 5 m Slab Panel Type : 4.Two Adjacent Edge Discontinuous Assumed Slab thk. = 150 mm Slab Density = 25 kN/m3 Slab Finishing thk. = 50 mm Finishing Density = 24 kN/m3 Live Load on Slab = 3.5 kN/m2 Probable Partition Load = 2 kN/m2 Factor of Safety (F.S.) = 1.5 ************************************************ Load Calculation : Slab Load = Slab thk * Slab Density = 0.15 * 25 = 3.75 kN/m2 Finishing Load = Fin. thk. * Fin. Density = 0.05 * 24 = 1.2 kN/m2 Probable Partition Load = 2 kN/m2 Total Dead Load = 6.95 kN/m2 Total Live Load on Slab = 3.5 kN/m2 Total Load on Slab = Total Dead Load + Total Live Load = 10.45 kN/m2 Ultimate Design Load (W) = F.S. * Total Load = 15.675 kN/m2 ************************************************ Other Parameters : Concrete (fck) = 20 N/mm2 Steel (fy) = 415 N/mm2 Clear Cover = 15 mm Assumed Bar Dia. = 10 mm ************************************************ Other Values : Effective Cover (d') = Clear Cover + dia./2 = 20 mm Effective Depth (d) = Overall Depth (D)-eff. Cover (d') = 130 mm Effective Depth in another dirn. (dy) = eff. depth (d) - bar dia. = 120 mm ************************************************ Design : Refering IS 456:2000, table 26, (clauses D-1.1 and 24.4.1) For the Panel Type : 4.Two Adjacent Edge Discontinuous and ly/lx = 1, The Bending Moment Coefficients are : Positive Moment Coefficients in Short Dirn Negative Moment Coefficients in Short Dirn
: 0.035 : 0.047
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Positive Moment Coefficients in Long Dirn Negative Moment Coefficients in Long Dirn Design Moments are Positive Mx : Negative Mx : Positive My : Negative My : Calculated As, Mx = 0.035 * 15.68 * 5^2 0.047 * 15.68 * 5^2 0.035 * 15.68 * 5^2 0.047 * 15.68 * 5^2
: 0.035 : 0.047
ax*w*lx^2: My = ay*w*lx^2: = 13.72 kN-m = 18.42 kN-m = 13.72 kN-m = 18.42 kN-m
************************************************ The absolute Maximum BM = 18.42 kNm Using M20 Concrete and Fe415 Steel, To find Depth from Bending, M = 0.138 fck b d^2, Where (b = 1000 mm) or d = sqrt(M / 0.138 fck b d^2) = 81.69 mm And, Total D = d + eff cover = 101.69 mm As Slab Thk. > Bending D, Safe in Bencing, Hence OK! ************************************************ Required Area Of Steel, Ast = fck*b/2fy*[d-(d2-4M/0.87fck.b)0.5] Short Span, Mid Bottom (+ve) Ast Short Span, Support Top (-ve) Ast Long Span, Mid Bottom (+ve) Ast Long Span, Support Top (-ve) Ast = = = = 307.29 420.65 336.10 462.02 mm2/m mm2/m mm2/m mm2/m
Check Minimum Area of Steel: Ast,min = (0.12/100)*B*D Minimum Area of Steel: Ast,min = 180.00 mm2/m Note : Provide Ast,min if Ast Required is less than Ast,min ************************************************ Provided Area of Steel : Short Span, Mid Bottom (+ve) Ast = Dia.8 @ 163 mm c/c (308.38 mm2/m) Short Span, Support Top (-ve) Ast = Dia.8 @ 119 mm c/c (422.4 mm2/m) Long Span, Mid Bottom (+ve) Ast = Dia.8 @ 149 mm c/c (337.35 mm2/m)
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Long Span, Support Top (-ve) Ast = Dia.8 @ 108 mm c/c (465.42 mm2/m) ************************************************ The Slab is Checked for Deflection: Referring IS 456: 2000, Cl. 23.2.1, a) b) c) Basic Value of Span to eff. depth for Continuous Slab is, L/d = 26 The Span < 10 m, No Modification Required. The L/d Ratio is modified depending on the Area and the Stress of Steel for Tension Reinforcement, Required Area of Steel at Mid Bot. of Short Span = 307.29 Provided Area of Steel at Mid Bot. of Short Span = 308.38 Percentage Area of Steel = 308.38/(1000 * 130) = 0.237 % Steel Stress of Service Loads, = 0.58 fy (Area of steel required / Area of steel Provided) = 0.58 fy (307.29 / 308.38) = 239.85 N/mm2 Referring IS 456: 2000, Fig. 4, The Value of Modification Factor = 1.632 Now, Allowable L/d = 26 * 1.632 = 42.43 Defl. eff. Depth (d) = 5 * 1000 / 42.43 = 117.84 mm Over All Depth (D) = 117.84 + 15 + 8/2 = 136.84 mm As Slab Thk. > Deflection Depth, The Slab is SAFE in Deflection, Hence OK! ************ End Design ******************
17. Design of stair case Refer annex 21.b
12
18. Foundation design:

Design of footing type 1 Footing Design Report, Footing Type: F1 ************ Start Design ****************** Given Inputs : Axial Force (P, Unfactored) = 1469 kN Bending Moment (B.M.) = 0 kN-m Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil (SBC) = 100 kN/m2 Column Length (l) = 457 mm Column Width (b) = 457 mm Self Weight of Footing 10% assumed, Total Axial Load (Pt) = P + 10% P = 1469 + 0.1 * 1469 = 1615.9 kN Area of Footing Required (A) = Pt/SBC = 16.16 m2 Length of Footing Required (L) = 4.02 m Width of Footing Required (B) = 4.02 m Lets Provide, Length of Footing (L) = 4.02 m Width of Footing (B) = 4.02 m Footing Area Provided = 16.1604 m2 Designed as Square Footing ************************************************ Required Parameters : Concrete (fck) = 20 N/mm2 Steel(fy) = 500 N/mm2 Clear Cover = 50 mm Assumed Bar Dia. = 16 mm Factor of Safety (FS) = 1.5 ************************************************ Design : Upward Soil Pressure (q) = (FS * P) / Area = 136.35 kN/m2 Depth of Footing from Bending Consideration: Calculating Design Moment at the face of the Column, Benging Moment, BM = 1/2 * q * SQRT[(L-l)/2] = 216.37 kN m Design Bending Moment = 216.37 kN m Depth of Footing from Bending Consideration, Mu=0.138*fck*B*d^2 Effective Depth (d) = (Mu * 10 ^ 6 / (0.138 * fck * 1000)) ^ 0.5 = 280 mm For the First Trail,
13
Lets Assume the depth (d) = 491 mm Calculating Area of Steel from Bending Moment: Footing Effective Depth (d) = 491 mm The Reinforcement is calculated for a Unit Width, i.e. Width = 1000 mm Ast Calculation for the Footing, Ast for Under Reinforced Section is Calculated as, Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 - (fy Ast) / (fck b d)] [{(0.87 fy2)/(b fck)} Ast2}-(0.87 fy d) Ast + Mu = 0 For Bending Moment = 216.3728, In Both Dirn, 10.88Ast2 - 213541.1Ast + 2.163728E+08 = 0 Solving the Quadratic Eqn, we get Required, Ast = 1071.76 mm2/m Required Ast Percentage = 0.22 % Check the Footing for One Way Shear: Referring IS456:2000 table 19, Design Shear Strength of Concrete, Tauc(N/mm2) For M20 concrete with Ast Percentage (p) = 0.22 % Shear Strength, Tauv = 0.335 And, Refering IS456:2000, cl.40.2.3, Table 20 Maximum Shear Stress of Concrete Tcmax = 2.8 Critical depth is at a distance d from the column face. Shear Force (Vu) = q * B * ((L - l) / 2) - d) = 707422.70 N Shear Stress (Tc) = Vu / (B*d) = 0.36 N/mm2 As Tc Not< Tauv, The Depth is inadequate and should be increased, ************************************************ For the Next Trail, Lets Assume the depth (d) = 578.9 mm Calculating Area of Steel from Bending Moment: The Reinforcement is calculated for a Unit Width,
14
i.e. Width = 1000 mm Ast Calculation for the Footing, Ast for Under Reinforced Section is Calculated as, Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 - (fy Ast) / (fck b d)] [{(0.87 fy2)/(b fck)} Ast2}-(0.87 fy d) Ast + Mu = 0 For Bending Moment = 216.3728 10.88Ast2 - 251821.1Ast + 2.163728E+08 = 0 Solving the Quadratic Eqn, we get Required, Ast = 893.73 mm2/m Required Ast Percentage = 0.15 % Check the Footing for One Way Shear: Referring IS456:2000 table 19, Design Shear Strength of Concrete, Tauc(N/mm2) For M20 concrete with Ast Percentage (p) = 0.15 % Shear Strength, Tauv = 0.284 And, Refering IS456:2000, cl.40.2.3, Table 20 Maximum Shear Stress of Concrete Tcmax = 2.8 Critical depth is at a distance d from the column face. Shear Force Shear Stress (Tc) = = = = q * B * ((Fot.L - Col.L) / 2) - d) 659186.90 N Vu / (B*d) 0.28 N/mm2
As Tc < Tauv, The Footing is Safe in One Way Shear ! Lets Adopt, Effective Depth (d)
= 580 mm
Check for Punching Shear: Critical depth is at a distance d/2 from the periphery of the column face.
15
Punching Shear, Vu2 = (q / 1000) * [L * B * 10 ^ 6 - (l + d) * (b + d)] = 2056872 N = 2056.87 kN Ks = 1 Tc2 = 0.25 * (fck ^ 0.5) = 1.118034 Vc2 = Ks * Tc2 * [(2 * (l + d) + 2 * (b + d)) * d] = 2689811 N = 2689.81 kN Tv = FS * P * 10 ^ 3 / ((2 * (l + d) + 2 * (b + d)) * d) = 0.9186136 As Vu2 < Vc2, The Footing is Safe in Punching ! ************************************************ Design Results: Footing Effective Depth (d) = 578.9 Footing Overall Depth (D) = d + clearcover + dia./2 = 578.9 + 50 + 16/2 = 636.9 Lets Provide the over all depth of the footing = 640 Ast Calculated for the Footing, For Bending Moment = 216.37, In Both Dirn, Required, Ast = 893.73 mm2/m Lets Provide, Dia. 12 @ 126 C/C (Ast Provided, 897.6 mm2/m) ************ End Design ******************
Design of footing type 2 Footing Design Report,
Footing Type: F3
************ Start Design ****************** Given Inputs : Axial Force (P, Unfactored) = 772 kN Bending Moment (B.M.) = 0 kN-m Safe Bearing Capacity of Soil (SBC) = 100 kN/m2 Column Length (l) = 457 mm Column Width (b) = 457 mm
16
Self Weight of Footing 10% assumed, Total Axial Load (Pt) = P + 10% P = 772 + 0.1 * 772 = 849.2 kN Area of Footing Required (A) = Pt/SBC = 8.49 m2 Length of Footing Required (L) = 2.91 m Width of Footing Required (B) = 2.91 m Lets Provide, Length of Footing (L) = 2.914 m Width of Footing (B) = 2.914 m Footing Area Provided = 8.491396 m2 Designed as Square Footing ************************************************ Required Parameters : Concrete (fck) = 20 N/mm2 Steel(fy) = 500 N/mm2 Clear Cover = 50 mm Assumed Bar Dia. = 12 mm Factor of Safety (FS) = 1.5 ************************************************ Design : Upward Soil Pressure (q) = (FS * P) / Area = 136.37 kN/m2 Depth of Footing from Bending Consideration: Calculating Design Moment at the face of the Column, Benging Moment, BM = 1/2 * q * SQRT[(L-l)/2] = 102.91 kN m Design Bending Moment = 102.91 kN m Depth of Footing from Bending Consideration, Mu=0.138*fck*B*d^2 Effective Depth (d) = (Mu * 10 ^ 6 / (0.138 * fck * 1000)) ^ 0.5 = 193 mm For the First Trail, Lets Assume the depth (d) = 313 mm
17
Calculating Area of Steel from Bending Moment: Footing Effective Depth (d) = 313 mm The Reinforcement is calculated for a Unit Width, i.e. Width = 1000 mm Ast Calculation for the Footing, Ast for Under Reinforced Section is Calculated as, Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 - (fy Ast) / (fck b d)] [{(0.87 fy2)/(b fck)} Ast2}-(0.87 fy d) Ast + Mu = 0 For Bending Moment = 102.9082, In Both Dirn, 10.88Ast2 - 136096Ast + 1.029082E+08 = 0 Solving the Quadratic Eqn, we get Required, Ast = 808.36 mm2/m Required Ast Percentage = 0.26 % Check the Footing for One Way Shear: Referring IS456:2000 table 19, Design Shear Strength of Concrete, Tauc(N/mm2) For M20 concrete with Ast Percentage (p) = 0.26 % Shear Strength, Tauv = 0.364 And, Refering IS456:2000, cl.40.2.3, Table 20 Maximum Shear Stress of Concrete Tcmax = 2.8 Critical depth is at a distance d from the column face. Shear Force (Vu) Shear Stress (Tc) = = = = q * B * ((L - l) / 2) - d) 363866.20 N Vu / (B*d) 0.40 N/mm2
As Tc Not< Tauv, The Depth is inadequate and should be increased, ************************************************
18
For the Next Trail, Lets Assume the depth (d) = 398.86 mm Calculating Area of Steel from Bending Moment: The Reinforcement is calculated for a Unit Width, i.e. Width = 1000 mm Ast Calculation for the Footing, Ast for Under Reinforced Section is Calculated as, Mu = 0.87 fy Ast d [1 - (fy Ast) / (fck b d)] [{(0.87 fy2)/(b fck)} Ast2}-(0.87 fy d) Ast + Mu = 0 For Bending Moment = 102.9082 10.88Ast2 - 173506Ast + 1.029082E+08 = 0 Solving the Quadratic Eqn, we get Required, Ast = 616.97 mm2/m Required Ast Percentage = 0.15 % Check the Footing for One Way Shear: Referring IS456:2000 table 19, Design Shear Strength of Concrete, Tauc(N/mm2) For M20 concrete with Ast Percentage (p) = 0.15 % Shear Strength, Tauv = 0.284 And, Refering IS456:2000, cl.40.2.3, Table 20 Maximum Shear Stress of Concrete Tcmax = 2.8 Critical depth is at a distance d from the column face. Shear Force Shear Stress (Tc) = = = = q * B * ((Fot.L - Col.L) / 2) - d) 329690.50 N Vu / (B*d) 0.28 N/mm2
As Tc < Tauv, The Footing is Safe in One Way Shear !
19
Lets Adopt, Effective Depth (d)
= 400 mm
Check for Punching Shear: Critical depth is at a distance d/2 from the periphery of the column face. Punching Shear, Vu2 = (q / 1000) * [L * B * 10 ^ 6 - (l + d) * (b + d)] = 1057841 N = 1057.84 kN Ks = 1 Tc2 = 0.25 * (fck ^ 0.5) = 1.118034 Vc2 = Ks * Tc2 * [(2 * (l + d) + 2 * (b + d)) * d] = 1533048 N = 1533.05 kN Tv = FS * P * 10 ^ 3 / ((2 * (l + d) + 2 * (b + d)) * d) = 0.848044 As Vu2 < Vc2, The Footing is Safe in Punching ! ************************************************ Design Results: Footing Effective Depth (d) = 398.86 Footing Overall Depth (D) = d + clearcover + dia./2 = 398.86 + 50 + 12/2 = 454.86 Lets Provide the over all depth of the footing = 460 Ast Calculated for the Footing, For Bending Moment = 102.91, In Both Dirn, Required, Ast = 616.97 mm2/m Lets Provide, Dia. 12 @ 183 C/C (Ast Provided, 618.02 mm2/m) ************ End Design ******************
19. Column Design
20
Typical design of column type 1
21
20. Beam Design
22
23
21. Lists of appendices a. 3d modals b. Grid plan c. Grid plan first floor d. Grid floor roof floor e. Joint numbering (in SAP) f. Joint reaction (Combination DL+LL) g. Design of staircase h. Typical Bending moment diagram Frame D - D@ Y = 15m, DCON 19
24
i. Typical Shear force diagram Frame D - D@ Y = 15m, DCON 19 j. Typical Axial force diagram Frame D - D@ Y = 15m, DCON 19 k. Typical deflected shape Frame D - D@ Y = 15m, DCON 19 l. Typical Bending moment diagram Frame D - D, DL+LL m. Typical Shear force diagram Frame D - D, DL+LL n. Typical Axial force diagram Frame D - D, DL+LL o. Typical deflected shape Frame D - D, DL+LL
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Structural Design Report

c. Floor Finishing d. Density of Brick e. Soil Bearing Capacity