Formula

Circle
E Area of a Circle = r
2
E Area of semi-circle = r
2
/ 2
E Area of quadrant = r
2
/ 4
E Circumference of a circle = 2r
E Area of sector = /360 (r
2
)
E Area of sector =

E Perimeter of sector = r + d
E Length of an arc = /360 (2r)
E Area of ring = ( R
2
r
2
)
E Distance moved by a wheel in one revolution = Circumference of the wheel
E Number of revolutions = Total distance moved /Circumference of the
Wheel
E Area of segment =

Surface Area and Volumes

Cube
e Area of base = (Side)
2
e Volume = (Side)
3

e LSA of Cube = 4 (Side)
2

e TSA of Cube = 6 (Side)
2

e Length of Diagonal =
e Length of all 12 sides = 12Side

Cuboid
W Area of base = Length Breadth

W Volume = Length Breadth Height
W LSA of Cuboid = 2(l + b) h
W TSA of Cuboid = 2 [lb + bh + hl]
W Length of Diagonal =

W Length of all 12 sides = 4[l + b + h]

Right Circular Cylinder
@ Volume of a Cylinder = r
2
h
@ Curved surface area of Cylinder = 2rh
@ Total surface area of Cylinder = 2rh + 2r
2
= 2r( r + h )

Hollow Cylinder
+ Area of each base = [R
2
r
2
]
+ Volume of hollow cylinder = R
2
h r
2
h = ( R
2
r
2
)h
+ CSA of hollow Cylinder = 2rh (R + r)
+ TSA of hollow cylinder = Outer CSA + Inner CSA + 2 Area of ring.
= 2(R +r)(h + R r)

Cone
+ Volume of a Cone =

+ CSA of a Cone =
(Here l refers to Slant height) [where l =
]
+ TSA of a Cone = rl + r
2
= r ( l + r )

Frustum of a Cone
Volume of the frustum =
(r
1
2
+ r
1
r
2
+ r
2
2
)h
Volume of the frustum =
}
LSA of frustum = l ( r
1
+ r
2
)
TSA of frustum = {( r
1
+ r
2
)l + r
1
2

+ r
2
2
}
Slant height of frustum =

[Where A
1
and A
2
are the areas of
circular bases of the frustum]
Height of cone of which the frustum is a part =

Slant height of cone of which the frustum is a part =

Sphere/Hemisphere (In case of Sphere, CSA = TSA i.e. they are same)
= Surface area of a Sphere = 4r
2
= Volume of sphere = 4/3

= Volume of hemi sphere = 2/3

= CSA of hemisphere = 2r
2

= TSA of hemisphere = 2r
2
+ r
2
= 3r
2

= Spherical Shell =
(R
3
-r
3
)

Co-ordinate Geometry
Co-ordinates of the point which divides the join of points P (x
1
,y
1
) and Q (x
2
,y
2
)
internally in the ratio m:n are : X =
Y =

Distance Formula =

Distance of a point P( x,y) from the origin O ( 0,0 ) is given by :

Co-ordinate of the mid-point of the line segment joining the points P (x
1
,y
1
) and
(x
2
,y
2
) are:{
}
Co-ordinates of Centroid of triangle = {
}
Area of triangle =
}
If points A(x
1
,y
1
) , B(x
2
,y
2
) and C(x
3
,y
3
) are collinear then:
= 0

Quadratic Equations
Formula Method =
, provided that b
2
4ac 0
The quadratic equations ax
2
+ bx + c = 0, a 0 has:
I. Two distinct real roots, if D = b
2
4ac 0
II. Two equal roots i.e. coincident real roots if D = b
2
4ac = 0
III. No real roots, if D = b
2
4ac 0

Algebra
U (a +b)
2
=

a
2
+ b
2
+ 2ab
U (a - b)
2
= a
2
+ b
2
- 2ab
U (a
2
b
2
) = (a + b)(a - b)
U (a +b)
2
- (a - b)
2
= 4ab
U (a +b)
2
+ (a - b)
2
= 2(a
2
+ b
2
)
U (a + b + c)
2
= a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
+ 2ab +2bc +2ca
U (a + b)
3
= a
3
+ b
3
+ 3ab(a+b)
U (a - b)
3
= a
3
- b
3
-3ab(a-b)
U (a
3
+ b
3
) = (a + b)( a
2
+ b
2
- ab)
U (a
3
- b
3
) = (a - b)( a
2
+ b
2
+ ab)
U a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
3abc = (a + b + c)( a
2
+ b
2
+ c
2
- ab - bc - ca)
U If a+b+c = 0, then a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
= 3abc
Triangle
o Area of a triangle =
base height
o Area of equilateral triangle =
(Side)
2

o Area of isosceles triangle =

Trigonometry
Sin
2

+ Cos
2

= 1
Sin
2
=1- Cos
2

Cos
2
= 1 - Sin
2

Sec
2
= 1 + Tan
2

Tan
2
= Sec
2
1
Sec
2
- Tan
2
= 1
Cosec
2

= 1 + Cot
2

Cot
2
= Cosec
2
1
Cosec
2
- Cot
2
= 1
Sin = Perpendicular/Hypotenuse
Cos = Base/Hypotenuse
Tan = Perpendicular/Base
Cosec = Hypotenuse/Perpendicular
Sec = Hypotenuse/Base
Cot = Base/Perpendicular
+ Sin = 1/Cosec
+ Cos = 1/Sec
+ Cot = 1/Tan
+ Cosec = 1/Sin
+ Sec = 1/Cos
+ Cot = 1/Tan

Sin (90 ) = Cos
Tan (90 ) = Cot
Sec (90 ) = Cosec
Cos (90 ) = Sin
Cot (90 ) = Tan
Cosec (90 ) = Sec
+ Tan= Sin/Cos
+ Cot = Cos/Sin

Statics

Others
Others
Area of regular hexagon =
(Side)
2

Area of regular octagon = 2(1+ ) (Side)
2

Area of rhombus =
d
1
d
2

Probability of an event = Favourable Cases/ Total Cases
P(E)` + P(E) = 1
P(E)` = 1 - P(E)

) (
)
*

+

[Shortcut Method]
[Step Deviation Method]
[If n is odd]

[If n is even]

th
observation

th
observation

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