s noun-modifiers, participles usually precede the noun (like adjectives), but in many cases they can or must follow it:
The visiting dignitaries devoured the baked apples.
Please bring all the documents required. (= Please bring all the documents that are required.)
The difficulties encountered were nearly insurmountable. (= The difficulties that were encountered were nearly insurmountable.)
s noun-modifiers, participles usually precede the noun (like adjectives), but in many cases they can or must follow it:
The visiting dignitaries devoured the baked apples.
Please bring all the documents required. (= Please bring all the documents that are required.)
The difficulties encountered were nearly insurmountable. (= The difficulties that were encountered were nearly insurmountable.)
s noun-modifiers, participles usually precede the noun (like adjectives), but in many cases they can or must follow it:
The visiting dignitaries devoured the baked apples.
Please bring all the documents required. (= Please bring all the documents that are required.)
The difficulties encountered were nearly insurmountable. (= The difficulties that were encountered were nearly insurmountable.)
s noun-modifiers, participles usually precede the noun (like adjectives), but in many cases they can or must follow it:
The visiting dignitaries devoured the baked apples.
Please bring all the documents required. (= Please bring all the documents that are required.)
The difficulties encountered were nearly insurmountable. (= The difficulties that were encountered were nearly insurmountable.)
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Participles
What are participles?
Infinitive past Present Participle Past Participle bore bored boring bored interest interested interesting interested Look at the verb table below and find out the answers. End with -ing Participles used as adjectives Examples : 1a. The boring teacher talked for hours. 1b. The bored students fell asleep. 2a. I read an interesting magaine !esterda!. 2b. The magaine receives a lot of support from interested readers. Present participles are usuall! active Past participles are usuall! passive More examples: 3a. It was an exciting concert. 3b. The excited fans screamed during the concert. 4a. Many young people experience troubling situations. 4b. The Samaritan efrienders !ong "ong recei#es calls from troubled young people. Participle Phrases What is a participle phrase? " participle phrase is made up of a participle # object $ meaningful e%pression. Example : We get calls from !oung people worried about relationships. " participle phrase describing the noun before& ie. !oung people. More examples $ 'a. (ook at the bo!. 'b. (ook at the bo! climbing the tree. )a. The man has missed the bus. )b. The man running down the street has missed the bus *a. The fans stood up and danced. *b. The fans& e%cited b! the concert& stood up and danced. " phrase begins with a present participle. +"ctive% " phrase begins with a past participle. +Passive% Participle phrases as adverbs We can use participle phrases to join two ideas together. HOW? &xamples $ ,eeling upset and confused& the girl called the -amaritans .efrienders /ong 0ong. "n adverbial phrase giving a reason Who feel upset 1 confused? The girl in the main course. More examples $ 'a. The girl felt upset and confused. -he called the -amaritan .efrienders /ong 0ong. 'b. ,eeling upset and confused& the girl called the -amaritan .efrienders /ong 0ong. 2otice the changes made. )a. Ellen listened to the girl. -he wished she could help her. )b. Ellen listened to the girl& wishing she could help her. " participle phrase joining ) actions which happen together. *a. /e was injured when he was crossing the road. *b. /e was injured crossing the road. " participle phrase joining ) actions& one of which happens during the other. Tr! e%ercise * E!