INTRODUCTION Alarms are used to monitor the site in case of any fault occur then alarm panel automatically

y generate the alarm for corresponding fault occurred at site.

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 Why alarms are used at site?

External alarm is important at BTS site because in case of any fault occur then as a maintenance engineer it will be easier for us to identify the problem and rectify it accordingly. We can check at DDF, where termination of alarm is done. It provide security and stability to whole BTS site.

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 TYPES OF ALARM AT BTS SITE

BTS SITE

ALARM
INTERNAL ALARM

EXTERNAL

ALARM

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 PARAMETER OF EXTERNAL ALARM

These are parameter which may differ according to manufacturer. ALARM NAME OR SYNTAX OR TITLE

ALARM NO

ALARM TYPE(NO/NC)

ALARM SEVERITY

ALARM PORT NO/PIN NO

COLOUR CODE

ROUTE OF ALARM

ROOT CAUSE OF ALARM

CAUSE OF ALARM

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 ALARM NAME OR SYNTAX OR TITLE It define the name of the alarm at BTS site. It may differ according to the operator. Depending upon BTS used syntax or title can change. Some of the example of name of alarm operator are as follows..

BTS NAME
NOKIA FLEXI BTS

ALARM NAME
DG FAILS TO START MAINS FAILURE

ERICSSION RBS 2964

DG FAILS TO STOP DOOR OPEN

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 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION CONTINUED

ALARM NO Every operator decide a particular alarm no for its BTS site and accordingly series of alarm is decided. for eg-7401 in NOKIA flexi BTS case.

ALARM TYPE
Type of alarm means that either alarm will be normally Closed or normally open. Normally open means that state of alarm in normal condition is OPEN. Normally closed means that state of alarm in normal condition is closed.

NORMALLY OPEN

NORMALLY CLOSED

ALARM TYPE
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 PARAMETER DESCRIPTION CRITICAL

Critical means that ,it require immediate attention, if on BTS site any alarm is critical defined that means that level of alarm severity is high. for eg : LLOP- low lubricant oil pressure.

SEVERITY

CRITICAL MAJOR

MINOR

MAJOR
Major means that ,its severity level is lesser than critical but it is also needed attention as soon as possible. for eg: low fuel level

MINOR
Minor means that ,its severity level is lesser in compare to other alarm and site may not get affected as much as in case of critical and major. for eg- site on DG.

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ALARM PORT
Alarm port or pin no is decided by operator itself .

PORT NO/PIN NO

OPERATOR SPECIFIC
COLOUR CODE

COLOUR CODE
The colour code of alarm wire is decided by operator itself. Always it will exist in pair for PCM cables used.

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 ROUTE OF ALARM It decide the route of alarm or we can say that where alarm connection start till termination of that alarm.

ROOT CAUSE
Root cause means the exact cause of fault which led to the alarm at the site.

ROUTE of ALARM

IT DECIDE ROUTE OF ALARM

ROOT CAUSE

IT DECIDE THE CAUSE OF ALARM

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 ALARM CABLE CONNECTION

Alarm cable are PCM cable. They exist in pairs. Each alarm will be connected to ddf with these cable.(two wire is one pair) 37 pin D-type connector. Alarm ddf installed on shelter wall. Alarms are connected to sensors.

25 PAIR PCM CABLE

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 For connection of alarm these are needed.

D TYPE 37 PIN

DDF ALARM CONNECTION

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 TYPE OF EXTERNAL ALARMS

1. DOOR OPEN 2. HIGH TEMPERATURE 3. DG FAILS TO START 4. DG FAILS TO STOP 5. LOW FUEL LEVEL 6. FIRE OR SMOKE 7. LOW LUBRICATION OIL PRESSURE 8. LOAD ON DG 9. AC FAILS TO START(AC-1/AC-2) 10.RECTIFIER MODULE PAIR FAILS 11.LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE 12.SITE ON DG 13.AC -1 FAILS 14.AC-2 FAILS 15.DG RUNNING WITHOUT LOAD

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 TO ELABORATE ABOVE DESCRIPTION TAKE EXAMPLE OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS

There are 12 external alarm for nokia flexi BTS. For 12 alarm connection ,we need 37 pin D connector in which 24 pins will be used. For each alarm , we require one pair E1 cable having two wire. Termination of these cable is done on DDF i.e from BTS to DDF and from alarm sensor to DDF.

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SYNTAXMAINS FAILURE

ALARM NO7401/ALARM NO1 COLOR CODEGREEN& GREEN/WHITE

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO-7/25

ROUTE OF ALARM

PIU/AMF

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE

-MAINS FAILURE

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED SYNTAXRECTIFIER MODULE FAILURE

ALARM NO7402/ALARM NO2

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO-8/26

COLOR CODE-BLUE& BLUE/WHITE

ROUTE OF ALARM

POWER PLANT

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE

-RECTIFIER FAILURE

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ALARM NO7403/ALARM NO3

SYNTAX-BATTERY AT 47V/LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYCRITICAL

PIN NO-9/27

COLOR CODEVOILET& WHITE VOILET

ROUTE OF ALARM

POWER PLANT

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE

-BATTERY VOLTAGE IS BELOW -48V

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAXLOAD ON BATTERY PIN NO10/28 ALARM NO7404/ALARM NO4 COLOR CODE-GREY& WHITE GREY ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMAJOR

ROUTE OF ALARM

POWER PLANT

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE -ALL RECTIFIER IN P.P FAILED

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

ALARM NO7405/ALARM NO5 COLOR CODE-PINK& BLACK/RED ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SYNTAXLOAD ON DG

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO11/29

ROUTE OF ALARM

PIU/ AMF

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-MAINS FAILURE

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAX-DG LLOP ALARM NO7406/ALARM NO6 COLOR CODELIGHTGREEN& BLACK/ GREEN LLOP SENSOR
PIU/AMF DDF BTS

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYCRITICAL

PIN NO12/30

ROUTE OF ALARM

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN LUBRICANT OIL PRESSURE IN ENGINE GOES BELOW SPECIFIED LEVEL

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAX-LOW FUEL LEVEL ALARM NO7407/ALARM NO7 COLOR CODE-LIGHT BLUE&BLACK ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO13/31

ROUTE OF ALARM

FUEL SENSOR

PIU/AMF

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN THE FUEL IN TANK GOES BELOW 40%.

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED SYNTAX-DG FAIL TO START ALARM NO7408/ALARM NO8 COLOR CODE-WHITE BLACK/WHITE ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMAJOR

PIN NO14/32

ROUTE OF ALARM

PIU/ AMF

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-DG DOESNT START AFTER 3 ATTEMPTS BY PIU/AMF

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAX-AC FAILS ALARM NO7409/ALARM NO9 COLOR CODELIGHT GREY& LIGHT GREY /BLACK
MICRO CONTROLLER

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMAJOR

PIN NO15/33

ROUTE OF ALARM-

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-BOTH AC FAILS

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAXDOOR OPEN ALARM N07410/ALARM NO10 COLOR CODEGREEN& GREEN/WHITE DOOR SENSOR
PIU/AMF DDF BTS

ALARM TYPENORMALY CLOSED

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO16/34

ROUTE OF ALARM-

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN SHELTER DOOR IS OPEN.

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED SYNTAXHIGH TEMPERATUR -E

PIN NO17/35

ALARM NO7411/ALARM NO11 COLOR CODEORANGE/ RED&ORANGE/LI GHT GREY

MICRO CONTROLLER

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYMAJOR

ROUTE OF ALARM-

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN TEMPERATURE REACHES ALARMING LEVEL.

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 ALARM CONFIGURATION CONTINUED

SYNTAXFIRE/SMOKE

ALARM NO7412/ALARM NO12 COLOR CODEORANGE /BLACK&ORANGE/GREEN

ALARM TYPENORMALY OPEN

SEVERITYCRITICAL

PIN NO18/36

ROUTE OF ALARM-

FUEL SENSOR

PIU/AMF

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE -WHEN TEMPERATURE REACHES ALARMING LEVEL.

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 APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

SYNTAX-DG FAILS TO STOP PIN NOOPERATOR SPECIFIC

ALARM NOOPERATOR SPECIFIC COLOUR CODEOPERATOR SPECIFIC

PIU/AMF

ALARM TYPENORMALLY CLOSED

SEVERITYMINOR

ROUTE OF ALARM-

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN PIU OR AMF NOT ABLE TO STOP DG AFTER 3 ATTEMPT.

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 APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

SYNTAX-AC1 FAILS

ALARM NOOPERATOR SPECIFIC

ALARM TYPENORMALLY OPEN

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO OPERATOR SPECIFIC

COLOUR CODEOPERATOR SPECIFIC

ROUTE OF ALARM-

MICRO CONTROLLER

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN AC-1 FAILS

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 APART FROM THESE ALARMS OF NOKIA FLEXI BTS WE HAVE FEW MORE AS FOLLOWS

SYNTAX-AC2 FAILS

ALARM NOOPERATOR SPECIFIC

ALARM TYPENORMALLY OPEN

SEVERITYMINOR

PIN NO OPERATOR SPECIFIC

COLOUR CODEOPERATOR SPECIFIC

ROUTE OF ALARM-

MICRO CONTROLLER

DDF

BTS

ROOT CAUSE-WHEN AC-2 FAILS

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 LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM Ericsson RBS2954 DG on DG fails to start Main fails DG fuel level LLOP DG fails to stop Cabinet temperature Fire & smoke Door smoke BFU fault Spare SMPS input fail Battery low voltage DC disconnected alarm Battery breaker off Battery disconnected

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 LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM Ericsson RBS2964 DG on DG fails to start Main fails DG fuel level LLOP DG fails to stop Cabinet temperature Fire & smoke Door open BFU fault Spare SMPS input fail Battery low voltage DC disconnected alarm Battery breaker off Battery disconnected

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 LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM HUAWEI 3900 Intruder A/C failure High room temperature Fire alarm Fire fighting Mains failure Generator failure Generator run Rectifier high voltage Tower light failure Rectifier 2/more failure Tower amplifier fail Rectifier low voltage Rectifier common alarm GN auto mode Low fuel in main tank

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 LIST OF DIFFERENT OPERATOR EXTERNAL ALARM ZTE ZXG 10

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 ALARM DEFINED IN ERICSSON SITES:

Sl. No 1 2 3 4
5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

External Alarms ID DG ON DG fail to Start Mains Fail High Shelter Temperature DG Fuel Level Low LLOP DG Fail to Stop Fire and Smoke Door Open AC 1 - OFF AC 2 OFF Spare Battery Fuse Fail Rectifier Fail Battery Low Voltage SMPS Input Fail

Breaking 0 1 2 3
4 5 6 7 8 9 A B C D E F

Closing Level Closing 2 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing 1

Closing 1 Closing 2 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing1 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing 1 Closing 1

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 EXTERNAL ALARMS FOR BTS (RBS 2954) SITES: Port ID 1 0 2 1 3 2 4 3 5 4 6 5 7 6 External Alarms Closing/Breaking Level DG ON Closing 2 DG FAIL TO START Closing 1 MAINS FAIL Closing 1 DG FUEL LEVEL LOW Closing 1 LLOP Closing 2 DG FAIL TO STOP Closing 1 CABINET TEMPERATRE Closing 1 HIGH FIRE AND SMOKE Closing 1 BBS DOOR OPEN Closing 1 BFU FAULT Closing 1 SPARE SMPS INPUT FAIL Closing 1 BATTERY LOW VOLTAGE Closing 1 DC DISCONNECTED ALARM Closing 1 BATTERY BREAKER OFF Closing 1 BATTERY DISCONNECTED Closing1

8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

7 8 9 10 B C D E F

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 BELOW MENTIONED COLOUR CODE OF RBS(2954)-

S/N 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

TTSL Requirement Node AC mains fail High room temperature fire alarm Battery Discharge rectifier fail intruder DG low fuel DG running

colour code blue-white Orange-white Green-white Brown-white Blue-red Orange-red Red-green Brown-red

After we connect the cable on krone block we will give loop with krone tool one by one and check weather alarm get disappear in OMCR or not. Same way we have to check for all the 8 ports.

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 EXTERNAL ALARM IN HUAWEI 3900 BTS AND COLOUR CODEKRONE NO:1 NO: 1 port 0 SLOT 18 DDF 1 ALARM INTRUDER NO: 9 port 0 KRONE NO:2 SLOT 19 DDF 1 ALARM RECTIFIER HIGH VOLTAGE TOWER LIGHT FAILURE RECTIFIER 2/MORE FAILURE TOWER AMPLIFIE R FAIL RECTIFIER LOW VOLTAGE RECTIFIER COMMON ALARM GN AUTO MODE LOW FUEL IN MAIN TANK

18

A/C FAILURE HIGH ROOM TEMPERA TURE FIRE ALARM FIRE FIGHTING MAINS FAILURE GENERAT OR FAILURE GENERAT OR RUN

10

19

18

11

19

18

12

19

18

13

19

18

14

19

18

15

19

18

16

19

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HUAWEI EXTERNAL ALARMS(COLOURS)

EXTERNAL ALARM COLOUR CODES CABLE NO: 1 PAIR 1 COLOUR WHITE ORANGE ORANGE WHITE GREEN GREEN WHITE BLUE BLUE WHITE BROWN BROWN

2
3 4 5 6 7 8

1
2 2 3 3 4 4

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 INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

LIST OF ALARMS

(1)RECTIFIER & BTS DOOR CABINET ALARM (2)RECTIFIER MAJOR ALARM (3)RECTIFIER MINOR ALARM (4)LOW DC VOLTAGE (5)HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM(FOR AC CABINET ONLY) (6)TEMPERATURE ALARM(FOR FAN COOL CABINE ONLY)

CORRESPONDING ALARM NO-

ALARM ALARM ALARM ALARM ALARM ALARM

NO1 NO2 NO3 NO4 N05 NO7

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 INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE

LIST OF COLOUR CODE OF ABOVE ALARM NO1-RECTIFIER & BTS DOOR CABINET ALARM- GREEN & WHITE GREEN NO2-RECTIFIER MAJOR ALARM-BLUE & WHITE BLUE NO3-RECTIFIER MINOR ALARM-VIOLET & WHITE VIOLET NO4-LOW DC VOLTAGE-GREY & WHITE GREY NO5-HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM(FOR AC CABINET ONLY)-BLUE/BLACK &BLACK BLUE ALARM NO7-TEMPERATURE ALARM(FOR FAN COOLED CABINET ONLY)-LIGHTBLUE &LIGHT BLUE/ BLACK ALARM ALARM ALARM ALARM ALARM

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 INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE MATERIAL REQUIREMENT ALARM CABLE KRONE RACK CAT-5 CABLE 7-9 METER SOLDERING IRON OTHRE BASIC TOOLS

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 INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE INSTALLATION PROCESS Initial step before installation-

(1)Alarm cable is too long so cut it into two pieces.

(2)1st cable will be used to take alarm from rectifier smart pack i/o ports to crone.

(3)2nd cable with connector at one end will be used for taking alarms from krone to BTS EAC port(2G cabinet).

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 INSTALLATION OF ALARM AT OUTDOOR (AC/FAN COOLED) NOKIA BTS SITE INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE STEP-1 KRONE INSTALLATION Install the krone on rack and fix this rack in rectifier cabinet. Use proper size bolts and washer.

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE Alarm cable installation(BTS KRONE) Connect the alarm cable connector on EAC port at BTS(2G cabinet) Bring the other end of alarm cable to rectifier through roxtec. Punch the alarm cable on the lower side of krone according to the alarms sequence. The alarm cable should be fixed properly with ties and properly routed.

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

Route this cable properly with ties and fix it near the Rectifier I/O ports Connect Green & White Green (Alarm nu 1) with Pins 8 & 9 of CON1 (X1) Connect Grey & White Grey (Alarm nu 4) with Pins 9 & 10 of CON2 (X2) Connect Violet & White Violet (Alarm nu 3) with Pins 15 & 16 of CON2 (X2) Connect Blue & White Blue (Alarm nu 2) with Pins 18 & 19 of CON2 (X2) Connect Light Blue & Light Blue Black (Alarm nu 7) with Pins 12 & 13 of CON2 (X2) (Only for Fan Cool Rectifier Cabinets)
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CON 2 ( X2 ) CON 1 ( X1 )

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM

Air condition in the door usually has Red & Yellow cable for Air Condition Alarm. This cable is connected to Pins 3 & 4 on CON1. Remove this cable from there & punch it on Krone.

AIR CON ALARM CABLE

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE-

Remove this cable from pins & punch it on Krone as shown

Air Con Alarm cable

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE TESTING HEAT MANAGEMENT ALARM-

To test Heat Management Alarm cover the AC from outside with plastic so that no air can go through as shown below

Air Condition covered with plastic sheet

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE 900 BTS CABINET DOOR SENSOR The BTS Cabinet door sensor cable is very small so we have to extend it Take 1 pair from CAT-5 Cable and solder it with the sensor wires in BTS (900 Cabinet) Route this cable properly and fix it near Smart Pack I/O ports Connect this pair with pins 3 & 4 of CON 2

BTS Cabinet door Sensor

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 INSTALLATION PROCESS CONTINUE RECTIFIER CABINET DOOR SENSOR

Rectifier Door Sensor

Usually Rectifier door Sensor cables are already connected to the CON 1 (X1)

If it is not connected then connect Rectifier Door Alarm Cable with pins 1 & 2 of CON 1 (X1)
Rectifier Door cable connected to pins 1 & 2 of CON 1

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SUMMARY

Overall summary is that on any BTS site external alarms are important. Alarms make fault finding easy. External alarms make BTS site safer and easy to maintain. Each alarm has its own importance cannot be neglected.

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