PS Lee

ST Explains: What does S’pore’s more ambitious clean import targets mean for energy transition? Summary: Singapore's decision to increase its electricity import target from 4GW to 6GW by 2035 represents a significant step in its energy transition strategy, aiming to diversify energy sources and reduce reliance on natural gas. This target, covering about 30% of the country's projected electricity needs, addresses the expected annual demand growth of 3-5%. While 3.4GW of these imports will come from Indonesia, Singapore is actively pursuing partnerships with other countries like Malaysia, Cambodia, Vietnam, and potentially Australia to diversify its energy supply. Key Implications: Diversification and Risk Management: Despite Indonesia being the largest contributor, partnerships with other ASEAN nations and potential Australian imports are crucial for reducing risks associated with geopolitical uncertainties. Impact on Natural Gas Dependence: Clean energy imports are projected to lower Singapore's reliance on natural gas, currently over 90% of the mix, to more than 50% by 2035. The scale of this reduction will depend on advancements in green hydrogen, carbon capture, and potential nuclear energy. Regional Clean Power Trade: Singapore's strategy highlights the complexity of regional power trade, with current progress mainly in bilateral deals. Multilateral cooperation, like the ASEAN power grid, faces challenges due to differing national priorities. Economic and Environmental Benefits for Indonesia: The imports will support Indonesia's renewable energy sector, attracting investment and creating jobs. However, concerns remain about balancing export projects with domestic renewable energy needs. Future Outlook: While immediate focus is on bilateral agreements, integrated regional energy markets could develop over time, with the ASEAN power grid being a long-term strategic goal. #SingaporeEnergyTransition #CleanEnergyImports #RenewableEnergy #ASEANPowerGrid #EnergyDiversification #RegionalEnergyTrade #SustainableFuture

3

Southeast Asia’s rising energy demands and what lies ahead Summary: Southeast Asia's energy demand is projected to grow by over 60% by 2040, driven by urbanization, population growth, and economic expansion. This has led the region to embrace renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, geothermal, and hydropower to reduce dependency on fossil fuels and address climate change. Countries like Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand are leading this transition with ambitious renewable energy targets and policies, such as Vietnam’s Feed-in-Tariff (FiT) program and Indonesia’s focus on geothermal energy. The region is attracting global investment through favorable regulatory frameworks, long-term power purchase agreements, and tax incentives, positioning Southeast Asia as a hotspot for renewable energy development. Regional initiatives like the ASEAN Power Grid (APG) and Trans-ASEAN Gas Pipeline (TAGP) are enhancing energy security and fostering cross-border energy integration. Despite progress, challenges remain, including outdated infrastructure, regulatory inconsistencies, and the need for significant investments in modernizing grids. The region’s mineral wealth, essential for green technologies, further cements Southeast Asia’s role in the global energy transition. Key Highlights: Energy Demand Surge: Southeast Asia’s energy demand is expected to grow by over 60% by 2040. Renewable Energy Adoption: Ambitious policies are driving solar, wind, and geothermal capacity growth. Investment Magnet: Favorable policies and incentives attract global investors, particularly in Vietnam, Indonesia, and Thailand. Regional Cooperation: ASEAN Power Grid and TAGP aim to bolster energy security and integration. Climate Action: Countries are aligning energy strategies with climate commitments through green financing and carbon trading. Challenges: Outdated infrastructure and regulatory inconsistencies remain barriers to progress. Global Role: The region’s mineral resources and renewable energy technologies have global supply chain implications. #SoutheastAsia #EnergyTransition #RenewableEnergy #GreenInvestments #SolarEnergy #GeothermalPower #ClimateCommitments #EnergySecurity #SustainableDevelopment #GlobalEnergyMarkets https://lnkd.in/gcEcP6-V

4

Tan See Leng: Central Gas Entity Can Ensure Stable Procurement and Meet Electricity Demand Summary: Singapore's establishment of a central gas procurement entity aims to stabilize natural gas supplies, ensuring a more secure and diverse energy supply. This move comes after challenges during the 2021-2022 global energy crisis, where volatile energy prices and a reluctance by power generators to sign new gas contracts threatened Singapore’s gas supply. Natural gas accounts for 75% of Singapore's energy consumption. The newly passed Energy Transition Measures and Other Amendments Bill will allow the Energy Market Authority (EMA) to mandate that power generators procure a minimum amount of natural gas from the central entity. Experts believe this centralized approach strengthens energy security by allowing Singapore to sign long-term contracts and reducing risks for power generators. It will also enhance Singapore's bargaining power and ensure supply stability amid geopolitical uncertainties. The legislation is part of Singapore's long-term energy transition strategy, balancing decarbonization efforts with energy security, aiming to stabilize electricity prices in the long run. Glad to have contributed my perspectives. For an overview of the six key proposals shaping the Energy Transition Measures and Other Amendments Bill, refer to my post here: https://lnkd.in/gEbeX5sj #SingaporeEnergySecurity #CentralGasProcurement #NaturalGasSupply #EnergyTransition #Decarbonization #EnergyCrisis #ElectricityPrices #GeopoliticalRisks #EnergySupplyDiversity

5

Southeast Asia’s energy transition is lacking both finance and policy The bulk of funds needed will have to come from private finance, which requires a conducive environment that regulatory policy can create Summary: Southeast Asia’s energy transition faces critical challenges due to insufficient financing and policy support. While COP29 has pledged $300 billion annually by 2035 for developing nations, the region alone requires $210 billion annually until 2030 to meet energy transition targets. The reliance on coal and slow renewable energy adoption have resulted in rising carbon emissions parallel to GDP growth. Private capital is essential for the transition but depends on regulatory frameworks that make such investments commercially viable. Successful examples like China demonstrate the importance of coordinated policies, including mandatory regulations, subsidies for renewable energy, carbon pricing, and incentives for clean energy adoption. As Southeast Asia remains among the most climate-vulnerable regions, with high risks of economic loss and natural disasters, balancing energy security with climate action is crucial. Policies must drive renewable energy capacity, improve transmission, and encourage efficiency while ensuring equitable economic growth. Looking forward to COP30, nations must lay the groundwork for stronger commitments, bridging the gap between intentions and actionable policies to meet net-zero goals. #EnergyTransition #SoutheastAsia #ClimateFinance #RenewableEnergy #Sustainability #NetZero #ClimateAction #COP29 #PrivateCapital #GreenPolicy https://lnkd.in/gQEuycW3

9

#mdpienergies #highlycitedpaper Optimal Dispatching of Smart Hybrid Energy Systems for Addressing a Low-Carbon Community 👉 https://ow.ly/2Lyt50RA157 National Cheng Kung University #powerdispatch #forecasting #optimization #operatingreserve #smarthybridenergysystem

2

EMA and MPA Shortlist Two Consortia to Further Study Viability of Ammonia for Power Generation and Bunkering Summary: Singapore's Energy Market Authority (EMA) and Maritime and Port Authority (MPA) have shortlisted consortia led by Keppel Infrastructure and Sembcorp-SLNG to develop a low—or zero-carbon ammonia solution for power generation and bunkering on Jurong Island. This initiative aligns with Singapore’s National Hydrogen Strategy to achieve net zero emissions by 2050. Key Project Components: Power Generation: Generate 55 to 65 MW of electricity using imported low- or zero-carbon ammonia in a Combined Cycle Gas Turbine. Ammonia Bunkering: Establish a bunkering capacity of at least 0.1 million tons per annum, starting with shore-to-ship and later moving to ship-to-ship bunkering. The selected consortia will conduct detailed engineering, safety, and emergency response studies. A lead developer will be chosen by Q1 2025 to implement the project. Strategic Benefits: Energy Security: Diversifies energy sources. Environmental Sustainability: Reduces greenhouse gas emissions. Technological Innovation: Advances hydrogen and ammonia technologies. Maritime Leadership: Positions Singapore as a hub for sustainable bunkering. Challenges: Technology Readiness: Ensuring efficiency and reliability of ammonia combustion. Safety: Managing ammonia handling and storage risks. Supply Chain: Developing a scalable ammonia supply chain. This project will potentially make Singapore a global leader in deploying direct ammonia combustion power plants and sustainable bunkering solutions. #Sustainability #HydrogenEconomy #AmmoniaFuel #EnergyTransition #NetZero #CleanEnergy #MaritimeInnovation #GreenShipping #SingaporeEnergy #Decarbonization #Innovation #EnergySecurity #EnvironmentalSustainability

7

Singapore launches grant call for natural gas power plants to study carbon capture and storage Summary: Singapore has taken a significant step in advancing carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies by launching a grant call aimed at reducing carbon emissions from natural gas power plants. This initiative is crucial, as natural gas is expected to power more than 50% of Singapore’s energy needs by 2035, currently representing over 90% of the electricity mix. The energy sector, responsible for around 40% of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions, is a key focus of decarbonization efforts. The Energy Market Authority (EMA) has outlined two main CCS approaches: the first involves capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) directly from exhaust gases after natural gas combustion, while the second focuses on capturing CO2 during hydrogen production from natural gas. Hydrogen, when combusted, produces no CO2, making it a clean fuel, but its production process must also be carbon-free to maintain its green credentials. From 2024, all new or upgraded gas plants in Singapore must be able to run on 30% hydrogen and be retrofitted to eventually run on 100%. This CCS initiative complements Singapore's broader strategy to collaborate with Indonesia on storing CO2 emissions overseas, as part of the cross-border CCS project on Jurong Island. The S Hub consortium, consisting of ExxonMobil and Shell, is also exploring the feasibility of storing 2.5 million tonnes of CO2 annually by 2030, using deep underground or seabed formations. Singapore is also focused on integrating CCS as a core component of its efforts to achieve net-zero emissions by 2050. While promising, the deployment of CCS technologies at scale remains expensive, with costs per tonne of CO2 ranging from US$85 for capture, plus additional costs for shipping and storage. Singapore’s carbon tax, set to rise to between $50 and $80 per tonne by 2030, will play a role in making CCS more economically viable, although current rates are not yet sufficient. Research efforts in Singapore are accelerating, with NUS scientists developing innovative techniques like sponge-like metal organic frameworks and membrane technology to enhance CO2 capture efficiency. Generation companies interested in participating in the grant call must submit pre-feasibility studies and proposals by January 31, 2025. #Singapore #CarbonCapture #CCS #NaturalGas #EnergyTransition #HydrogenEnergy #NetZero #Decarbonization #JurongIsland #SustainableEnergy #SIEW2024 #EnergySecurity #CleanEnergy

4

Fire breaks out and many conventional cars gotten burst. Case close, since it was not started by an All-Battery Electric car, life moves on, done deal. Singaporeans can let our worries down and buy EV as it is ..... Awakening from the Korean massive fire started by an EV, gotten their Policymakers to think hard with these New Energy vehicles deployment and implementation, what rules and regulations required. * I think this headline News by CNA is too naive, by just mentioning "did not involve EVs". Today, we don't need an EV to start a fire in an underground or basement car park; even a conventional car starts burning with an EV parked just beside. As the fire spreads, I am fairly sure the result of the damage from the intensity of the EV affected burn will be a terrifying 🔥 Let's not "celebrate" yet; in fact, if such a mass car fire can happen in Singapore, what makes us think what did in Korea, even though not from an EV won't in Singapore ?????

11

5 Comments

Launch of Singapore Mechanical & Electrical Carbon Calculator Summary: Singapore has launched a new carbon emissions calculator for mechanical and electrical (M&E) systems, following the introduction of a similar tool for building materials in June 2023. The Singapore Mechanical & Electrical Carbon Calculator (MECC) was announced at a biannual awards ceremony by the Singapore Green Building Council (SGBC). Developed by the National University of Singapore’s Energy Studies Institute (ESI) and JTC Corporation, and supported by the SGBC and the Building and Construction Authority (BCA), the MECC aims to help construction companies comprehensively calculate embedded carbon emissions, thereby aiding national emission reduction targets. Embedded carbon refers to greenhouse gas emissions from the manufacture, transport, installation, and construction of building materials. As part of Singapore’s Green Plan 2030, the government targets to green 80% of buildings by total floor area, have 80% of new buildings be super low energy, and improve energy efficiency of top green buildings by 80% over 2005 standards by 2030. To date, 58% of buildings have been greened, and the energy efficiency of top green buildings has improved by 71% over 2005 standards, although only 7% of new buildings are super low energy. Experts believe the MECC will help private companies reduce long-term carbon emissions. While currently voluntary, it is expected that the use of MECC will become a common industry standard. Buildings account for over 20% of Singapore’s carbon emissions and over one-third of its electricity consumption, making the built environment sector crucial for achieving net-zero emissions. #SingaporeGreenPlan #CarbonCalculator #SustainableBuilding #MECC #GreenBuilding #EnergyEfficiency #CarbonEmissions #NetZero #BuiltEnvironment #SustainableDevelopment

67

Singapore aims to better manage electricity supply with enhanced energy management system Summary: Singapore is enhancing its electricity supply management with a new energy management system (EMS II) that leverages sensors, satellite imagery, and machine learning to forecast sunlight levels an hour in advance. This system significantly improves solar power prediction accuracy, with an error rate of less than 10%. By better anticipating solar power generation, the Energy Market Authority (EMA) can manage electricity supply and demand more efficiently, reducing reliance on natural gas and helping the country achieve its net-zero emissions goal by 2050. The EMS II also includes advanced cybersecurity features to protect against cyber threats and supports the increased electricity demand from sectors like advanced manufacturing and the digital economy. Key Points: Enhanced system for better electricity management in Singapore. Uses advanced technology for solar power forecasting with high accuracy. Supports the shift towards solar energy, aiding in carbon neutrality goals. EMS II addresses power disruptions and cyber threats. Anticipated growth in electricity demand from carbon-reducing industries. #Singapore #EnergyManagement #SolarEnergy #MachineLearning #Sustainability #CarbonNeutrality #AdvancedTechnologies #SmartGrid #RenewableEnergy #CyberSecurity #NetZero2050

18

2 Comments

This is a step in the right direction to decarbonize Singapore's economy. With recent hiccups in the Lao-Thailand-Malaysia-Singapore Power Interconnection Project (LTMS-PIP) to establish renewable energy trade in the region, land-scarce Singapore is right to consider all available clean energy options to meet its Green Plan 2030 and broader decarbonization goals. In future, Singapore may even become an exporter of green and low carbon electrons to its neighbors rather than the other way around.

11

Developing Asia Energy sustainability and emissions balance related thermodynamic model (https://lnkd.in/gYvF_nTb) illustrated in our invited topical review published in high impact journal https://lnkd.in/gYvF_nTb

Centre for Hydrogen Innovations (CHI) The National University of Singapore (NUS) has officially inaugurated its Centre for Hydrogen Innovations (CHI) with a cutting-edge research facility aimed at propelling hydrogen research, education, and industry collaboration. This new facility, spanning over 600 square metres, is equipped with advanced research tools designed to enhance hydrogen technology and its commercial applications. At the launch event, Dr. Tan See Leng, Minister for Manpower and Second Minister for Trade and Industry, highlighted the critical role of hydrogen in Singapore's decarbonization strategy. CHI was initially established as a virtual centre in July 2022 with a S$25 million investment from Temasek and the government. CHI’s efforts include funding eight promising projects aimed at achieving breakthroughs in hydrogen technologies and creating market-oriented prototypes for commercialization. Over the past two years, CHI has supported 17 innovative projects with more than S$4.2 million in grants and secured additional external funding, including an S$8 million grant for ammonia combustion research. The Centre also focuses on building a strong talent pipeline by recruiting interdisciplinary scholars, training PhD students, and introducing hydrogen technology courses. Highlighting the importance of industry collaboration, CHI has partnered with 17 industry stakeholders, including Siemens Energy and Chevron, to develop innovative hydrogen solutions. These partnerships aim to accelerate technological advancements, scale up hydrogen technologies efficiently, and address challenges in hydrogen production, distribution, and utilization. In conjunction with the facility launch, CHI organized the “Hydrogen Innovation Challenge” to raise public awareness about hydrogen energy. This competition involved student teams creating Instagram reels to express their visions for Singapore’s transition to hydrogen energy, with the winning teams recognized at the launch event. Please visit hydrogen.nus.edu.sg for more information on CHI. #HydrogenInnovation #Sustainability #NUS #HydrogenEconomy #RenewableEnergy #LowCarbonFuture #CleanEnergy #HydrogenResearch #TechForGood #Singapore #IndustryCollaboration #GreenTechnology #TalentDevelopment #AmmoniaCombustion #ClimateChange #EnergyTransition

12

1 Comment

https://lnkd.in/ebc6VwcZ Singapore--Horizon Fuel Cell will tackle on-demand power generation (electrical “peaker powerplant”) and AI Datacenter applications with 20-50MW zero emission fuel cell powerplants. Ensuring adequate and dependable electricity supply across seasons and through increasingly severe weather events is a challenge for any electrical grid. Of some concern, the North American Electric Reliability Corp (NERC) has highlighted “high risks of resource adequacy shortfalls” through 2027, in their Long-Term Reliability Assessments for the United States. Horizon Fuel Cell Group is working with third parties to address Resource Adequacy requirements, as enshrined in legislation in multiple US states, but with an attractive sustainability twist; namely, zero emission power generation on-demand, using hydrogen. Detailed designs for the first fuel cell powerplant are being developed with a partner in the US under an MOU, with additional opportunities in the pipeline. Electrical grids around the world are scrambling to maintain high levels of service and reliability in the face of increased renewable energy in the mix of generation resources, while also addressing a need to reduce the carbon footprint of grid power on which we are all so dependent.  Horizon is best known for high power-density proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells, especially in applications such as heavy vehicles. Horizon’s unique, patent pending hybrid fuel cell technology leads the industry in single stack power output, power density and durability. The powerful and compact fuel cells are well suited to demanding applications like power plants, heavy vehicles, ships, and even airplanes.  Having previously deployed stationary powerplants up to 2MW for industrial customers, Horizon now brings clean and green “hydrogen peaker plants” and zero emission AI Datacenters within reach, with plans to deploy 20-50MW systems based on well proven heavy duty 200kW fuel cell modules. Industry-leading electrical efficiency exceeding 52% can be achieved with these fuel cell systems. The next-generation 400kW fuel cell stacks will further improve operating efficiency, ensuring increasingly attractive cost structures for backup and baseload power in the near future. 

1

The transition to solar & wind in ASEAN will be much faster and easier than most people think. Building coal power stations has nearly stopped. Future growth in energy consumption will be met by solar & wind. https://lnkd.in/eEi4hb58

70

4 Comments

Given the potential benefits and risks associated with nuclear power especially in the Malaysia context, it is necessary to have stringent regulations, safety measures, and public engagement to ensure that the development and operation of nuclear power plants are carried out responsibly and with the utmost consideration for people’s safety and the environment. #nuclearpower #netzero #energyefficiency

3