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impl From<char> for String #73466

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merged 2 commits into from
Jul 1, 2020
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matthiaskrgr
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@matthiaskrgr matthiaskrgr commented Jun 18, 2020

This allows us to write

fn char_to_string() -> String {
    'a'.into()
}

which was not possible before.

This allows us to write

fn char_to_string() -> String {
    'a'.into()
}

which was not possible before.
@rust-highfive
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r? @sfackler

(rust_highfive has picked a reviewer for you, use r? to override)

@rust-highfive rust-highfive added the S-waiting-on-review Status: Awaiting review from the assignee but also interested parties. label Jun 18, 2020
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matthiaskrgr commented Jun 18, 2020

I would like to add

fn char_to_string() -> String {
'a'.into()
}

as a test, what is the best place to do so?

@jonas-schievink jonas-schievink added relnotes Marks issues that should be documented in the release notes of the next release. T-libs-api Relevant to the library API team, which will review and decide on the PR/issue. labels Jun 18, 2020
@jonas-schievink jonas-schievink added this to the 1.45 milestone Jun 18, 2020
@matthiaskrgr
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I guess this can go into src/liballoc/tests/string.rs

@tesuji
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tesuji commented Jun 18, 2020

Does doctest work?

@Mark-Simulacrum
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r? @dtolnay for FCP, code changes look good to me.

@rust-highfive rust-highfive assigned dtolnay and unassigned sfackler Jun 18, 2020
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dtolnay commented Jun 18, 2020

@rust-lang/libs:
@rfcbot fcp merge

impl From<char> for String

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rfcbot commented Jun 18, 2020

Team member @dtolnay has proposed to merge this. The next step is review by the rest of the tagged team members:

No concerns currently listed.

Once a majority of reviewers approve (and at most 2 approvals are outstanding), this will enter its final comment period. If you spot a major issue that hasn't been raised at any point in this process, please speak up!

See this document for info about what commands tagged team members can give me.

@rfcbot rfcbot added proposed-final-comment-period Proposed to merge/close by relevant subteam, see T-<team> label. Will enter FCP once signed off. disposition-merge This issue / PR is in PFCP or FCP with a disposition to merge it. labels Jun 18, 2020
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It appears that this is the first From<T> for String impl for types other than String, str, and references of those. What is the plan moving forward for these - should every type implementing Display also implement a From conversion?

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IMO, char makes sense as it has "string literal" like feeling, but I wouldn't go farther than that personally without good reason.

@matthiaskrgr can you say more about your use case for this?

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I can't find the post, but either on github or on urlo this proposal was denied, because it would allocate memory out of the sudden. And IMHO this is true. It is not obvious that a small into (or a ?, which performs into automatically) will allocate memory behind the scenes.
I'm somewhat against this‽

@matthiaskrgr
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can you say more about your use case for this?

When I investigated #73462 I found it strange that I could
"a".into() but not 'a'.into() for a fn conv_to_string() -> String

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withoutboats commented Jun 19, 2020

I can't find the post, but either on github or on urlo this proposal was denied, because it would allocate memory out of the sudden. And IMHO this is true. It is not obvious that a small into (or a ?, which performs into automatically) will allocate memory behind the scenes.

So will most of the other conversions into String, such as &str to String. There's no expectation that Into<String> does not allocate.

@rfcbot rfcbot added final-comment-period In the final comment period and will be merged soon unless new substantive objections are raised. and removed proposed-final-comment-period Proposed to merge/close by relevant subteam, see T-<team> label. Will enter FCP once signed off. labels Jun 19, 2020
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rfcbot commented Jun 19, 2020

🔔 This is now entering its final comment period, as per the review above. 🔔

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dtolnay commented Jun 30, 2020

@bors r+

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bors commented Jun 30, 2020

📌 Commit 2cde493 has been approved by dtolnay

@bors bors added S-waiting-on-bors Status: Waiting on bors to run and complete tests. Bors will change the label on completion. and removed S-waiting-on-review Status: Awaiting review from the assignee but also interested parties. labels Jun 30, 2020
Manishearth added a commit to Manishearth/rust that referenced this pull request Jul 1, 2020
…olnay

impl From<char> for String

This allows us to write

````rust
fn char_to_string() -> String {
    'a'.into()
}
````

which was not possible before.
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pickfire commented Jul 1, 2020

Will there also be?

impl From<char> for &str

@dtolnay
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dtolnay commented Jul 1, 2020

No; that impl would require the binary to contain a 4 MB table containing the utf8 encoding of every possible char in order for it to return a reference into.

Manishearth added a commit to Manishearth/rust that referenced this pull request Jul 1, 2020
…olnay

impl From<char> for String

This allows us to write

````rust
fn char_to_string() -> String {
    'a'.into()
}
````

which was not possible before.
Dylan-DPC-zz pushed a commit to Dylan-DPC-zz/rust that referenced this pull request Jul 1, 2020
…olnay

impl From<char> for String

This allows us to write

````rust
fn char_to_string() -> String {
    'a'.into()
}
````

which was not possible before.
bors added a commit to rust-lang-ci/rust that referenced this pull request Jul 1, 2020
…arth

Rollup of 17 pull requests

Successful merges:

 - rust-lang#72071 (Added detailed error code explanation for issue E0687 in Rust compiler.)
 - rust-lang#72369 (Bring net/parser.rs up to modern up to date with modern rust patterns)
 - rust-lang#72445 (Stabilize `#[track_caller]`.)
 - rust-lang#73466 (impl From<char> for String)
 - rust-lang#73548 (remove rustdoc warnings)
 - rust-lang#73649 (Fix sentence structure)
 - rust-lang#73678 (Update Box::from_raw example to generalize better)
 - rust-lang#73705 (stop taking references in Relate)
 - rust-lang#73716 (Document the static keyword)
 - rust-lang#73752 (Remap Windows ERROR_INVALID_PARAMETER to ErrorKind::InvalidInput from Other)
 - rust-lang#73776 (Move terminator to new module)
 - rust-lang#73778 (Make `likely` and `unlikely` const, gated by feature `const_unlikely`)
 - rust-lang#73805 (Document the type keyword)
 - rust-lang#73806 (Use an 'approximate' universal upper bound when reporting region errors)
 - rust-lang#73828 (Fix wording for anonymous parameter name help)
 - rust-lang#73846 (Fix comma in debug_assert! docs)
 - rust-lang#73847 (Edit cursor.prev() method docs in lexer)

Failed merges:

r? @ghost
@bors bors merged commit b7d13c0 into rust-lang:master Jul 1, 2020
netbsd-srcmastr pushed a commit to NetBSD/pkgsrc that referenced this pull request Aug 30, 2020
according to various people on tech-pkg@, there are no problems with
the Firefox build

Version 1.46.0 (2020-08-27)
==========================

Language
--------
- [`if`, `match`, and `loop` expressions can now be used in const functions.][72437]
- [Additionally you are now also able to coerce and cast to slices (`&[T]`) in
  const functions.][73862]
- [The `#[track_caller]` attribute can now be added to functions to use the
  function's caller's location information for panic messages.][72445]
- [Recursively indexing into tuples no longer needs parentheses.][71322] E.g.
  `x.0.0` over `(x.0).0`.
- [`mem::transmute` can now be used in static and constants.][72920] **Note**
  You currently can't use `mem::transmute` in constant functions.

Compiler
--------
- [You can now use the `cdylib` target on Apple iOS and tvOS platforms.][73516]
- [Enabled static "Position Independent Executables" by default
  for `x86_64-unknown-linux-musl`.][70740]

Libraries
---------
- [`mem::forget` is now a `const fn`.][73887]
- [`String` now implements `From<char>`.][73466]
- [The `leading_ones`, and `trailing_ones` methods have been stabilised for all
  integer types.][73032]
- [`vec::IntoIter<T>` now implements `AsRef<[T]>`.][72583]
- [All non-zero integer types (`NonZeroU8`) now implement `TryFrom` for their
  zero-able equivalent (e.g. `TryFrom<u8>`).][72717]
- [`&[T]` and `&mut [T]` now implement `PartialEq<Vec<T>>`.][71660]
- [`(String, u16)` now implements `ToSocketAddrs`.][73007]
- [`vec::Drain<'_, T>` now implements `AsRef<[T]>`.][72584]

Stabilized APIs
---------------
- [`Option::zip`]
- [`vec::Drain::as_slice`]

Cargo
-----
Added a number of new environment variables that are now available when
compiling your crate.

- [`CARGO_BIN_NAME` and `CARGO_CRATE_NAME`][cargo/8270] Providing the name of
  the specific binary being compiled and the name of the crate.
- [`CARGO_PKG_LICENSE`][cargo/8325] The license from the manifest of the package.
- [`CARGO_PKG_LICENSE_FILE`][cargo/8387] The path to the license file.

Compatibility Notes
-------------------
- [The target configuration option `abi_blacklist` has been renamed
  to `unsupported_abis`.][74150] The old name will still continue to work.
- [Rustc will now warn if you cast a C-like enum that implements `Drop`.][72331]
  This was previously accepted but will become a hard error in a future release.
- [Rustc will fail to compile if you have a struct with
  `#[repr(i128)]` or `#[repr(u128)]`.][74109] This representation is currently only
  allowed on `enum`s.
- [Tokens passed to `macro_rules!` are now always captured.][73293] This helps
  ensure that spans have the correct information, and may cause breakage if you
  were relying on receiving spans with dummy information.
- [The InnoSetup installer for Windows is no longer available.][72569] This was
  a legacy installer that was replaced by a MSI installer a few years ago but
  was still being built.
- [`{f32, f64}::asinh` now returns the correct values for negative numbers.][72486]
- [Rustc will no longer accept overlapping trait implementations that only
  differ in how the lifetime was bound.][72493]
- [Rustc now correctly relates the lifetime of an existential associated
  type.][71896] This fixes some edge cases where `rustc` would erroneously allow
  you to pass a shorter lifetime than expected.
- [Rustc now dynamically links to `libz` (also called `zlib`) on Linux.][74420]
  The library will need to be installed for `rustc` to work, even though we
  expect it to be already available on most systems.
- [Tests annotated with `#[should_panic]` are broken on ARMv7 while running
  under QEMU.][74820]
- [Pretty printing of some tokens in procedural macros changed.][75453] The
  exact output returned by rustc's pretty printing is an unstable
  implementation detail: we recommend any macro relying on it to switch to a
  more robust parsing system.

[75453]: rust-lang/rust#75453
[74820]: rust-lang/rust#74820
[74420]: rust-lang/rust#74420
[74109]: rust-lang/rust#74109
[74150]: rust-lang/rust#74150
[73862]: rust-lang/rust#73862
[73887]: rust-lang/rust#73887
[73466]: rust-lang/rust#73466
[73516]: rust-lang/rust#73516
[73293]: rust-lang/rust#73293
[73007]: rust-lang/rust#73007
[73032]: rust-lang/rust#73032
[72920]: rust-lang/rust#72920
[72569]: rust-lang/rust#72569
[72583]: rust-lang/rust#72583
[72584]: rust-lang/rust#72584
[72717]: rust-lang/rust#72717
[72437]: rust-lang/rust#72437
[72445]: rust-lang/rust#72445
[72486]: rust-lang/rust#72486
[72493]: rust-lang/rust#72493
[72331]: rust-lang/rust#72331
[71896]: rust-lang/rust#71896
[71660]: rust-lang/rust#71660
[71322]: rust-lang/rust#71322
[70740]: rust-lang/rust#70740
[cargo/8270]: rust-lang/cargo#8270
[cargo/8325]: rust-lang/cargo#8325
[cargo/8387]: rust-lang/cargo#8387
[`Option::zip`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.zip
[`vec::Drain::as_slice`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/vec/struct.Drain.html#method.as_slice
netbsd-srcmastr pushed a commit to NetBSD/pkgsrc that referenced this pull request Oct 30, 2020
Pkgsrc changes:
 * Portability patches for Illumos have been intregrated upstream,
   so are no longer needed in pkgsrc.
 * Adjust one other patch, and update vendor/libc cargo checksum.

Upstream changes:

Version 1.46.0 (2020-08-27)
==========================

Language
--------
- [`if`, `match`, and `loop` expressions can now be used in const functions.]
  [72437]
- [Additionally you are now also able to coerce and cast to slices (`&[T]`) in
  const functions.][73862]
- [The `#[track_caller]` attribute can now be added to functions to use the
  function's caller's location information for panic messages.][72445]
- [Recursively indexing into tuples no longer needs parentheses.][71322] E.g.
  `x.0.0` over `(x.0).0`.
- [`mem::transmute` can now be used in static and constants.][72920] **Note**
  You currently can't use `mem::transmute` in constant functions.

Compiler
--------
- [You can now use the `cdylib` target on Apple iOS and tvOS platforms.][73516]
- [Enabled static "Position Independent Executables" by default
  for `x86_64-unknown-linux-musl`.][70740]

Libraries
---------
- [`mem::forget` is now a `const fn`.][73887]
- [`String` now implements `From<char>`.][73466]
- [The `leading_ones`, and `trailing_ones` methods have been stabilised for all
  integer types.][73032]
- [`vec::IntoIter<T>` now implements `AsRef<[T]>`.][72583]
- [All non-zero integer types (`NonZeroU8`) now implement `TryFrom` for their
  zero-able equivalent (e.g. `TryFrom<u8>`).][72717]
- [`&[T]` and `&mut [T]` now implement `PartialEq<Vec<T>>`.][71660]
- [`(String, u16)` now implements `ToSocketAddrs`.][73007]
- [`vec::Drain<'_, T>` now implements `AsRef<[T]>`.][72584]

Stabilized APIs
---------------
- [`Option::zip`]
- [`vec::Drain::as_slice`]

Cargo
-----
Added a number of new environment variables that are now available when
compiling your crate.

- [`CARGO_BIN_NAME` and `CARGO_CRATE_NAME`][cargo/8270] Providing the name of
  the specific binary being compiled and the name of the crate.
- [`CARGO_PKG_LICENSE`][cargo/8325] The license from the manifest of the
  package.
- [`CARGO_PKG_LICENSE_FILE`][cargo/8387] The path to the license file.

Compatibility Notes
-------------------
- [The target configuration option `abi_blacklist` has been renamed
  to `unsupported_abis`.][74150] The old name will still continue to work.
- [Rustc will now warn if you have a C-like enum that implements `Drop`.][72331]
  This was previously accepted but will become a hard error in a future release.
- [Rustc will fail to compile if you have a struct with
  `#[repr(i128)]` or `#[repr(u128)]`.][74109] This representation is currently
  only allowed on `enum`s.
- [Tokens passed to `macro_rules!` are now always captured.][73293] This helps
  ensure that spans have the correct information, and may cause breakage if you
  were relying on receiving spans with dummy information.
- [The InnoSetup installer for Windows is no longer available.][72569] This was
  a legacy installer that was replaced by a MSI installer a few years ago but
  was still being built.
- [`{f32, f64}::asinh` now returns the correct values for negative numbers.]
  [72486]
- [Rustc will no longer accept overlapping trait implementations that only
  differ in how the lifetime was bound.][72493]
- [Rustc now correctly relates the lifetime of an existential associated
  type.][71896] This fixes some edge cases where `rustc` would erroneously
  allow you to pass a shorter lifetime than expected.
- [Rustc now dynamically links to `libz` (also called `zlib`) on Linux.][74420]
  The library will need to be installed for `rustc` to work, even though we
  expect it to be already available on most systems.
- [Tests annotated with `#[should_panic]` are broken on ARMv7 while running
  under QEMU.][74820]
- [Pretty printing of some tokens in procedural macros changed.][75453] The
  exact output returned by rustc's pretty printing is an unstable
  implementation detail: we recommend any macro relying on it to switch to a
  more robust parsing system.

[75453]: rust-lang/rust#75453
[74820]: rust-lang/rust#74820
[74420]: rust-lang/rust#74420
[74109]: rust-lang/rust#74109
[74150]: rust-lang/rust#74150
[73862]: rust-lang/rust#73862
[73887]: rust-lang/rust#73887
[73466]: rust-lang/rust#73466
[73516]: rust-lang/rust#73516
[73293]: rust-lang/rust#73293
[73007]: rust-lang/rust#73007
[73032]: rust-lang/rust#73032
[72920]: rust-lang/rust#72920
[72569]: rust-lang/rust#72569
[72583]: rust-lang/rust#72583
[72584]: rust-lang/rust#72584
[72717]: rust-lang/rust#72717
[72437]: rust-lang/rust#72437
[72445]: rust-lang/rust#72445
[72486]: rust-lang/rust#72486
[72493]: rust-lang/rust#72493
[72331]: rust-lang/rust#72331
[71896]: rust-lang/rust#71896
[71660]: rust-lang/rust#71660
[71322]: rust-lang/rust#71322
[70740]: rust-lang/rust#70740
[cargo/8270]: rust-lang/cargo#8270
[cargo/8325]: rust-lang/cargo#8325
[cargo/8387]: rust-lang/cargo#8387
[`Option::zip`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/option/enum.Option.html#method.zip
[`vec::Drain::as_slice`]: https://doc.rust-lang.org/stable/std/vec/struct.Drain.html#method.as_slice
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