Oracle® Database

1 Reviewing Information About This Guide

This guide describes how to install Oracle Database by using the default installation options.

Tasks Described in This Guide

The procedures in this guide describe how to:

• Configure your system to support Oracle Database

• Install Oracle Database on a local file system by using the Typical Installation option

• Configure a general-purpose Oracle Database installation that uses the local file system for database file storage

Results of a Successful Installation

After you successfully install Oracle Database:

• The database that you created and the default Oracle Net listener process run on the system.

• Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express runs on the system and can be accessed using a web browser.

Tasks Not Described in This Guide

This guide covers the Basic Installation scenario and does not describe how to complete the following tasks:

• Using the Advanced Installation option to install the software

• Installing the software on a system that has an existing Oracle software installation

• Installing Oracle Grid Infrastructure and Oracle Real Application Clusters

• Enabling Enterprise Manager e-mail notifications or automated backups

• Enabling core file creation

• Setting UDP and TCP kernel parameters manually

• Using alternative storage options such as Oracle Automatic Storage Management

• Installing and configuring Oracle Grid Infrastructure

• Removing Oracle database software

Where to Get Additional Installation Information

For more information about installing Oracle Database, including information about the tasks not described in this guide, refer to one of the following guides:

• If you want to install the software on a single system, then refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium.

• If you want to perform a Oracle Real Application Clusters installation, then refer to Oracle Grid Infrastructure Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium and Oracle Real Application Clusters Installation Guide for Linux and UNIX. These guides describe how to install Oracle Clusterware and Oracle Real Application Clusters. Oracle clusterware is a prerequisite for Oracle Real Application Clusters installations.

The product documentation for Oracle Database products is available in both HTML and PDF formats online:

http://docs.oracle.com/

2 Logging In to the System as root

Before you install the Oracle software, you must complete several tasks as the root user. To log in as the root user, complete one of the following procedures:

• Following are the steps for installing the software from an X Window System workstation or X terminal:

  1. Start a local terminal session, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

  2. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter the following command to enable the remote host to display X applications on the local X server:

     $ xhost fully_qualified_remote_host_name
     

     For example:

     $ xhost somehost.us.example.com
     

  3. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then use the ssh, rlogin, or telnet command to connect to the system where you want to install the software:

     $ telnet fully_qualified_remote_host_name
     

  4. If you are not logged in as the root user, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

     $ su -
     password:
     #
     

• Following are the steps for installing the software from a PC or other system with X server software:

  Note:

  If necessary, refer to your X server documentation, or contact your X server vendor or system administrator for more information about completing this procedure. Depending on the X server software that you are using, you may need to complete the tasks in a different order.

  1. Start the X server software.

  2. Configure the security settings of the X server software to permit remote hosts to display X applications on the local system.

  3. Connect to the remote system where you want to install the software and start a terminal session on that system, for example, an X terminal (xterm).

  4. If you are not logged in as the root user on the remote system, then enter the following command to switch user to root:

     $ su -
     password:
     #
     

3 Configuring Servers for Oracle Database

This section describes the following operating system tasks that you must complete before you install Oracle Database:

• Checking Server Hardware and Memory Configuration

• General Server Minimum Requirements

• Server Storage Minimum Requirements

• Server Memory Minimum Requirements

4 Reviewing Operating System Security Common Practices

Secure operating systems are an important basis for general system security. Ensure that your operating system deployment is in compliance with common security practices as described in your operating system vendor security guide.

5 About Operating System Requirements

Depending on the products that you intend to install, verify that you have the required operating system kernel and packages installed.

Requirements listed in this document are current as of the date listed on the title page. To obtain the most current information about kernel requirements, see the online version at the following URL:

http://docs.oracle.com/

Oracle Universal Installer performs checks your system to verify that it meets the listed operating system package requirements. To ensure that these checks complete successfully, verify the requirements before you start Oracle Universal Installer.

6 Operating System Requirements for HP-UX Itanium Systems

The compiler and patches listed in this section are supported on HP-UX Itanium systems for Oracle Database and Oracle Grid Infrastructure 12c:

PHCO_43503 - 11.31 diskowner(1M) cumulative patch
PHKL_38038 - 11.31 vm cumulative patch
PHKL_38938 - 11.31 SCSI cumulative I/O patch
PHKL_40941 - 11.31 scheduler cumulative patch
PHSS_36354 - 11.31 assembler patch 
PHSS_37042 - 11.31 hppac
PHSS_37959 - Libcl patch for alternate stack issue fix (QXCR1000818011)
PHSS_38141 - 11.31 aC++ Runtime
PHSS_39094 - 11.31 linker + fdp cumulative patch
PHSS_39100 - 11.31 Math Library Cumulative Patch
PHSS_39102 - 11.31 Integrity Unwind Library

7 Additional Drivers and Software Packages for HP-UX Itanium Systems

You are not required to install additional drivers and packages, but you may choose to install or configure drivers and packages in the following list:

• Installation Requirements for Open Database Connectivity

• Installation Requirements for Oracle Messaging Gateway

• Installation Requirements for Programming Environments

• Installation Requirements for Web Browsers

https://support.oracle.com

PHSS_39824 - 11.31 HP C/aC++ Compiler (A.06.23) patch
PHSS_39826 - 11.31 u2comp/be/plugin (C.06.23) patch

PHKL_39773 - 11.31 VRTS 5.0 GARP6 VRTSvxfs Kernel Patch

https://support.oracle.com

8 Checking the Software Requirements

To check the software requirements, perform the following steps:

1. To determine the distribution and version of HP-UX installed, enter the following command:

   # uname -a
   

   The output of this command is similar to the following:

   HP-UX hostname B.11.31 U ia64 4156074294 unlimited-user license
   

   In this example, the version of HP-UX is 11.31 and the processor is Itanium.

2. To determine the compiler installed, enter the following command:

   # /usr/sbin/swlist -l product | grep -i compiler
   

3. To determine if a patch is installed, enter a command similar to the following:

   # /usr/sbin/swlist -l patch | grep PHSS_37959
   

   Alternatively, to list all installed patches, enter the following command:

   # /usr/sbin/swlist -l patch | more
   

   If a required patch is not installed, then download it from the HP Support Center website and install it:

   http://www.hp.com/

   If the website has a recent version of the patch, then download and install that version.

4. To verify if the system meets the minimum patch bundle requirements, use the following command:

   # /usr/sbin/swlist -l bundle |grep QPK
   

   The QPK (Quality Pack) bundles have version numbers of the form B.11.31.0809.326a (for the September 2008 release), B.11.31.0903.334a (for the March 2009 release), and so on.

   If a required bundle, product, or fileset is not installed, then you must install it. See your operating system or software documentation for information about installing products.

   Note:

   There may be more recent versions of the patches listed in the preceding paragraph that are installed on the system. If a listed patch is not installed, then determine if a more recent version is installed before installing the version listed.

5. If you require a CSD for WebSphere MQ, then refer to the following website for download and installation information:

   http://www.ibm.com

9 Creating Required Operating System Groups and Users

The following local operating system groups and users are required if you are installing Oracle Database:

• The Oracle Inventory group (oinstall)

• The OSDBA group (dba)

• The Oracle software owner (oracle)

To determine whether these groups and users already exist, and if necessary, to create them, follow these steps:

1. To determine whether the oinstall group exists, enter the following command:

   # more /var/opt/oracle/oraInst.loc
   

   If the output of this command shows the oinstall group name, then the group already exists.

   Note:

   In Oracle documentation, Oracle Inventory group is called oinstall. However, it is not mandatory to use the same name, you can enter a different name for the group.

   If the oraInst.loc file exists, then the output from this command is similar to the following:

   inventory_loc=/u01/app/oraInventory
   inst_group=oinstall
   

   The inst_group parameter shows the name of the Oracle Inventory group, oinstall.

2. To determine whether the dba group exists, enter the following command:

   # grep dba /etc/group
   

   If the output from this commands shows the dba group name, then the group already exists.

3. If necessary, enter the following commands to create the oinstall and dba groups:

   # /usr/sbin/groupadd oinstall
   # /usr/sbin/groupadd dba
   

4. To determine whether the oracle user exists and belongs to the correct groups, enter the following command:

   # id oracle
   

   If the oracle user exists, then this command displays information about the groups to which the user belongs. The output should be similar to the following, indicating that oinstall is the primary group and dba is a secondary group:

   uid=440(oracle) gid=200(oinstall) groups=201(dba),202(oper)
   

5. If necessary, complete one of the following actions:

   • If the oracle user exists, but its primary group is not oinstall or it is not a member of the dba group, then enter the following command:

     # /usr/sbin/usermod -g oinstall -G dba oracle
     

   • If the oracle user does not exist, enter the following command to create it:

     # /usr/sbin/useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
     

     This command creates the oracle user and specifies oinstall (for example) as the primary group and dba as the secondary group.

6. Enter the following command to set the password of the oracle user:

   # passwd oracle
   

10 Configuring Kernel Parameters

During installation, you can generate and run the Fixup script to check and set the kernel parameter values required for successful installation of the database. This script updates required kernel packages if necessary to minimum values.

If you cannot use the Fixup scripts, then verify that the kernel parameters shown in the following table are set to values greater than or equal to the minimum value shown. The procedure following the table describes how to verify and set the values manually.

To view the current value or formula specified for these kernel parameters, and to change them if necessary:

1. Enter the following command to start the kcweb application:

   # /usr/sbin/kcweb -F
   

2. Check the value or formula specified for each of these parameters and, if necessary, modify that value or formula.

   If necessary, refer to the kcweb online Help for more information about completing this step.

   Note:

   If you modify the value of a parameter that is not dynamic, then you must restart the system.

11 Creating Required Directories

Create directories with names similar to the following, and specify the correct owner, group, and permissions for them:

• The Oracle base directory

• An optional Oracle data file directory

The Oracle base directory must have appropriate free disk space if you choose not to create a separate Oracle data file directory.

To create the Oracle base directory:

1. Enter the following command to display information about all mounted file systems:

   # bdf
   

   This command displays information about all the file systems mounted on the system, including:

   • The physical device name

   • The total amount, used amount, and available amount of disk space

   • The mount point directory for that file system

2. From the display, identify either one or two file systems that meet the disk space requirements mentioned earlier in this section.

3. Note the name of the mount point directory for each file system that you identified.

4. Enter commands similar to the following to create the recommended subdirectories in the mount point directory that you identified and set the appropriate owner, group, and permissions on them:

   # mkdir /mount_point/oradata
   # chown oracle:oinstall /mount_point/oradata
   # chmod 775 /mount_point/oradata
   

12 Configuring Oracle Software Owner Environment

You run Oracle Universal Installer from the oracle account. However, before you start Oracle Universal Installer you must configure the environment of the oracle user. To configure the environment, you must:

• Set the default file mode creation mask (umask) to 022 in the shell startup file.

• Set the DISPLAY environment variable.

To set the oracle user's environment:

1. Start a new X terminal session (xterm).

2. Enter the following command to ensure that X Window applications can display on this system:

   $ xhost + RemoteHost
   

   where RemoteHost is the fully qualified remote host name. For example:

   $ xhost + somehost.example.com
   

3. If you are not logged in to the system where you want to install the software, then log in to that system as the oracle user.

4. If you are not logged in as the oracle user, then switch user to oracle:

   $ su - oracle
   

5. To determine the default shell for the oracle user, enter the following command:

   $ echo $SHELL
   

6. To run the shell startup script, enter one of the following commands:

   • Bash shell:

     $ . ./.bash_profile
     

   • Bourne or Korn shell:

     $ . ./.profile
     

   • C shell:

     % source ./.login
     

7. If you are not installing the software on the local system, then enter a command similar to the following to direct X applications to display on the local system:

   • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

     $ DISPLAY=local_host:0.0
     

   • C shell:

     % setenv DISPLAY local_host:0.0
     

   In this example, local_host is the host name or IP address of the system to use to display Oracle Universal Installer (your workstation or PC).

8. If you determined that the /tmp directory has less than 400 MB of free disk space, then identify a file system with at least 400 MB of free space and set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables to specify a temporary directory on this file system:

   1. To determine the free disk space on each mounted file system, use the following command:

      # df -k 
      

   2. If necessary, enter commands similar to the following to create a temporary directory on the file system that you identified, and set the appropriate permissions on the directory:

      $ sudo mkdir /mount_point/tmp
      $ sudo chmod a+wr /mount_point/tmp
      # exit
      

   3. Enter commands similar to the following to set the TMP and TMPDIR environment variables:

      • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

        $ TMP=/mount_point/tmp
        $ TMPDIR=/mount_point/tmp
        $ export TMP TMPDIR
        

      • C shell:

        % setenv TMP /mount_point/tmp
        % setenv TMPDIR /mount_point/tmp
        

9. If you have had an existing installation on your system, and you are using the same user account to install this installation, then unset the ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_SID, TNS_ADMIN environment variables and any other environment variable set for the Oracle installation user that is connected with Oracle software homes.

   Enter the following commands to ensure that the ORACLE_HOME, ORACLE_BASE, ORACLE_SID and TNS_ADMIN environment variables are not set:

   • Bourne, Bash, or Korn shell:

     $ unset ORACLE_HOME
     $ unset ORACLE_BASE
     $ unset ORACLE_SID
     $ unset TNS_ADMIN
     

   • C shell:

     % unsetenv ORACLE_HOME
     % unsetenv ORACLE_BASE
     % unsetenv ORACLE_SID
     % unsetenv TNS_ADMIN
     

   Use the following command to check the PATH environment variable:

   $ echo $PATH
   

   Ensure that the $ORACLE_HOME/bin path is removed from your PATH environment variable.

   Note:

   If the ORACLE_HOME environment variable is set, then Oracle Universal Installer uses the value that it specifies as the default path for the Oracle home directory. If you set the ORACLE_BASE environment variable, then Oracle recommends that you unset the ORACLE_HOME environment variable and choose the default path suggested by Oracle Universal Installer.

10. To verify that the environment has been set correctly, enter the following commands:

    $ umask
    $ env | more
    

    Verify that the umask command displays a value of 22, 022, or 0022 and the environment variables that you set in this section have the correct values.

13 Mounting the Product Disc

On most HP-UX Itanium systems, the product disc mounts automatically when you insert it into the drive. If the disc does not mount automatically, then follow these steps to mount it:

1. Switch user to root:

   $ su -
   password
   #
   

2. If necessary, enter the following command to unmount the currently mounted disc, then remove it from the drive:

   # /usr/sbin/umount /SD_DVD
   

   In this example, /SD_DVD is the mount point directory for the disc drive.

3. Insert the appropriate disc into the disc drive, then enter a command similar to the following to mount it:

   # /usr/sbin/mount -F cdfs -o rr /dev/dsk/cxtydz /SD_DVD
   

   In this example, /SD_DVD is the disc mount point directory and /dev/dsk/cxtydz is the device name for the disc device, for example /dev/dsk/c0t2d0.

4. If Oracle Universal Installer is displaying the Disk Location dialog box, enter the disc mount point directory path, for example:

   /SD_DVD
   

14 Installing Oracle Database

After configuring the oracle user's environment, start Oracle Universal Installer and install Oracle Database as follows:

1. Log on as the Oracle software owner user (typically, oracle) to the computer on which to install Oracle components.

2. If you are installing the software from installation media, then mount the disk if it is not mounted.

3. To start Oracle Universal Installer, enter the following command:

   $ /mount_point/db/runInstaller
   

   If Oracle Universal Installer does not start, then refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium for information about how to troubleshoot X Window display problems.

4. The following table describes the recommended action for each Oracle Universal Installer screen. Use the following guidelines to complete the installation:

   • If you need more assistance, or to choose an option that is not the default, then click Help for additional information.

   • If you encounter errors while installing or linking the software, then refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium for information about troubleshooting.

   Note:

   If you have completed the tasks listed previously, then you can complete the installation by choosing the default values on most screens.

   Screen	Recommended Action
   Configure Security Updates	Enter your e-mail address, preferably your My Oracle Support e-mail address or user name in the Email field. You can select the I wish to receive security updates via My Oracle Support check box to receive security updates. Enter your My Oracle Support password in the My Oracle Support Password field. Click Next.
   Select Installation Option	Select Create and configure a database from the following list of available options, then click Next: Create and configure a database Install database software only Upgrade an existing database
   System Class	Select Server Class from the following options to install the database, and click Next. Desktop Class: Choose this option if you are installing on a laptop or desktop class system. Server Class: Choose this option if you are installing on a server class system, such as what you would use when deploying Oracle in a production data center.
   Grid Installation Options	Select Single instance database installation for the type of database installation you want to perform, and click Next. Single instance database installation: This option installs the database and the listener. Real Application Clusters database installation: This option installs Oracle Real Application Clusters. Oracle RAC One Node database installation: This option installs the Oracle RAC One Node database.
   Select Install Type	Select Typical Install as the installation type from the following options, and click Next: Typical Install: This installation method is selected by default. It lets you quickly install Oracle Database using minimal input. Advanced Install: This installation method enables to perform more complex installations.
   Typical Install Configuration	Enter the following information according to your requirements: Oracle base: The Oracle base path appears by default. You can change the path based on your requirement. Software location: In the Software Location section, accept the default value or enter the Oracle home directory path in which you want to install Oracle components. The directory path should not contain spaces. Storage Type: Select File System, or Oracle Automatic Storage Management as the database storage option. Database file location: If you select File System as your storage type, then click Browse and specify a database file location. Database edition: Select the database edition to install. OSDBA Group: The OSDBA group is selected by default. You can also select the OSDBA group from the list. Global database name: Specify the Global Database Name using the following syntax: database_name.domain For example, sales.us.example.com Administrative password: Enter the password for the privileged database account. Confirm Password: Reenter, and confirm the password for the privileged database account. Select the Create as Container database option to create the database as a multitenant container database (CDB) that can support one or more pluggable databases (PDBs). If you want Oracle Universal Installer to create a PDB when it creates the CDB, specify the PDB name in the Pluggable Database Name field. Click Next to continue.
   Create Inventory	This screen is displayed only during the first installation of Oracle products on a system. Specify the full path of the Oracle Inventory directory. Ensure that the operating system group selected is oinstall. Click Next to continue.
   Perform Prerequisite Checks	Verify that all the prerequisite checks succeed, and then click Next. Oracle Universal Installer checks the system to verify that it is configured correctly to run Oracle software. If you have completed all the preinstallation steps in this guide, all the checks should pass. If a check fails, then review the cause of the failure listed for that check on the screen. If possible, rectify the problem and rerun the check. Alternatively, if you are satisfied that your system meets the requirements, then you can select the check box for the failed check to manually verify the requirement. Note: Oracle recommends that you use caution in checking the Ignore All option. If you check this option, then Oracle Universal Installer may not confirm if your system can install Oracle Database successfully.
   Summary	Review the information displayed on this screen, and then click Install. Note: You can save all the installation steps into a response file by clicking Save Response File. Later, this file can be used for a silent installation.
   Install Product	This screen displays the progress of a database installation. During this process, the Execute Configuration Scripts window appears. Do not click OK until you run the scripts mentioned in this screen as the root user. Click Next. This screen then displays the status information for the configuration assistants that configure the software and create a database. A message is displayed at the end of Database Configuration Assistant process. Review the database information, specially the Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express URL, and click OK.
   Finish	This screen is displayed automatically when all the configuration tools are successful. Click Close.

   
   

15 Installing Oracle Database Examples

If you plan to use the following products or features, then download and install the products from the Oracle Database Examples media:

• Oracle JDBC Development Drivers

• Oracle Database Examples

• Oracle Text Knowledge Base

• Various Oracle product demonstrations

For information about installing software and various Oracle product demonstrations from the Oracle Database Examples media, refer to Oracle Database Examples Installation Guide.

16 What to Do Next?

To become familiar with this release of Oracle Database, it is recommended that you complete the following tasks:

• Log in to Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express using a web browser.

  Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express 12c is a web-based management tool built into Oracle Database without any need for special installation or management. You can use Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express to manage a single Oracle Database installation. The default URL for Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express is similar to the following:

  http://host.domain:1158/em/
  

  To log in, use the user name SYS and connect as SYSDBA. Use the password that you specified for this user during the Oracle Database installation.

• Refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium for information about required and optional postinstallation tasks, depending on the products to use.

• Refer to Oracle Database Installation Guide for HP-UX Itanium for information about how to use Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express to learn about the configuration of your installed database.

• To learn more about using Oracle Enterprise Manager Database Express to administer a database, refer to Oracle Database 2 Day DBA.

17 Additional Information

This section contains information about the following:

• Product Licenses

• Purchasing Licenses and Version Updates

• Contacting Oracle Support Services

• Locating Product Documentation

Product Licenses

You are welcome to install and evaluate the products included in this media pack for 30 days under the terms of the Trial License Agreement. However, you must purchase a program license if you want to continue using any product after the 30 day evaluation period. See the following section for information about purchasing program licenses.

Purchasing Licenses and Version Updates

You can purchase program licenses and updated versions of Oracle products from the Oracle Store website:

https://shop.oracle.com

Contacting Oracle Support Services

If you have purchased Oracle Product Support, you can call Oracle Support Services for assistance 24 hours a day, seven days a week. For information about purchasing Oracle Product Support or contacting Oracle Support Services, go to the Oracle Support Services website:

http://www.oracle.com/us/support/index.html

Locating Product Documentation

Product documentation includes information about configuring, using, or administering Oracle products on any platform. The product documentation for Oracle Database products is available in both HTML and PDF formats online:

http://docs.oracle.com/

18 Documentation Accessibility

For information about Oracle's commitment to accessibility, visit the Oracle Accessibility Program website at http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=docacc.

Access to Oracle Support

Oracle customers that have purchased support have access to electronic support through My Oracle Support. For information, visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit http://www.oracle.com/pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs if you are hearing impaired.