Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual
Property Rights
PREPARED BY: HUNAIZA GULAB
Learning Outcomes
 Introduction of IP
 Trade Secret
 Patents
 Copyrights
 Trade Mark
 Licensing
Introduction of IP
 Intellectual Property (IP) is creations of the mind innovations,

artistic works, symbols, names, images, and designs that are
granted legal rights and protections. IP is treated as property,
meaning the creator or owner has the exclusive right to use,
license, or sell their creations or inventions for a specified period,
depending on the type of IP.
 IP rights encourage innovation and creativity by giving creators

exclusive control over their work, allowing them to profit from
their creations and preventing unauthorized use. This protection
incentivizes further development in arts, science, and technology
by ensuring creators can benefit from their own ideas and
investments.
Trade Secrets
 Trade Secret protection applies to confidential business

information that provides a competitive advantage, such as
formulas, recipes, processes, or business strategies. For trade
secrets to be legally protected, companies must actively keep the
information confidential. Unlike other forms of IP, trade secret
protection can last indefinitely, provided secrecy is maintained.
 This type of protection is crucial for businesses that rely on
proprietary knowledge to differentiate themselves in the market.
Examples include Coca-Cola's closely guarded recipe, Google’s
search algorithm, or a manufacturing company’s unique
production methods.
Patents
 Patent rights protect new and useful inventions, giving inventors

exclusive rights to produce, use, and sell their innovations for a
set period. Patents are available for various kinds of inventions,
including machines, processes, and designs, depending on their
novelty and utility. Utility patents, which are the most common,
last for 20 years from the filing date, while design patents last 15
years.
 This protection incentivizes innovation by allowing inventors to
benefit from their work. For example, the technology behind
smartphones, a new pharmaceutical drug might all be protected
under patents.
Copyright
 Copyright protects original works of authorship, such as books,

music, films, software, and art. It gives creators exclusive rights
to reproduce, distribute, display, and perform their work. The
protection aims to prevent unauthorized copying or use, enabling
creators to monetize their creations and maintain control over
their distribution.
 Typically, copyright protection lasts for the creator’s lifetime plus
70 years, allowing long-term benefits and legacy building for
creators. Examples of copyright-protected works include a novel
by a writer, a software program, or a famous painting.
Trade Mark
 Trademark protects brand identifiers like names, logos, symbols,

and slogans that distinguish a company’s goods or services.
Trademarks help consumers easily identify the source of products
or services, maintaining brand reputation and trust.
 Trademark rights give the owner exclusive usage within specific
industries or regions, preventing others from using similar marks
that could cause confusion. Trademarks can be renewed
indefinitely as long as they remain in active use and are
defended against infringement. Common examples include the
Nike "swoosh" logo or the distinctive "Coca-Cola" brand design.
Licensing
 Licensing is a business arrangement in which the owner of

intellectual property (IP) grants permission to another party to
use that IP under certain conditions, often in exchange for a fee
or royalties. This process enables the IP owner (the licensor) to
retain ownership of the IP while allowing a third party (the
licensee) to legally use it for their own business purposes, such
as producing and selling a product, creating derivative works, or
using a trademark in a different market or region.
Contd.
 Licensing agreements are highly customizable and vary

depending on the type of IP involved. For instance, with copyright
licenses, the owner of a book, song, or film might allow a
publisher, recording studio, or production company to reproduce
and distribute the work.
 In trademark licensing, a brand owner may permit another
business to use its logo, name, or slogan in connection with
particular products, such as allowing a clothing brand to use a
sports team's logo on apparel. Patent licenses grant a licensee
the rights to produce, use, or sell an invention, often essential in
technology and pharmaceutical fields, where patented processes
and products are costly to replicate independently.

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Intellectual Property Rights

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Intellectual

 Intellectual Property (IP) is creations of the mind innovations,

 IP rights encourage innovation and creativity by giving creators

 Trade Secret protection applies to confidential business

 Patent rights protect new and useful inventions, giving inventors

 Copyright protects original works of authorship, such as books,

 Trademark protects brand identifiers like names, logos, symbols,

 Licensing is a business arrangement in which the owner of

 Licensing agreements are highly customizable and vary

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