Session 4 _Senior Secondary

Physics/ Integrated Science B

Coach : Mark
LC1: When the nucleus of an atom is splitting
up into lighter nuclei (left) through a nuclear
reaction, it is called nuclear fission. In the
case of Uranium – 235, each neutron
released can cause the fission of another
Uranium – 235 nucleus. With this, the rate of
fission reaction accelerates geometrically.
Each series is called a generation.
LC1:On the other hand, nuclear fusion is a
reaction through which two or more light nuclei
collide into each other to form heavier nucleus
(left). As shown, fusion of 3H and 2H to give 4He
and a neutron releases an enormous amount of
energy. In principle, nuclear fusion can produce
much more energy than fission, but very high
kinetic energy is required to overcome
electrostatic repulsions between the positively
charged nuclei and initiate the fusion reaction.
Question No. 1:
What is the beneficial aspect of nuclear
fission ?
a. The ability to absorb energy
b. The ability to produce more energy than
nuclear fusion
c. The ability to release tremendous amounts of
energy
d. There are no beneficial aspects of nuclear
fission
Question No. 2:
Calculate the amount of energy in kilojoules per mole released when deuterium and
tritium fuse to give Helium – 4 and a neutron:
LC2: Light is considered as an electromagnetic wave. As such it can be described as having a
frequency and wavelength. Wavelength is the distance between corresponding points in
two adjacent light cycles, and frequency is the number of cycles of light that pass a given
point in one second. Light also behaves like a package of energy. The mathematical
equation that relates the energy of light to its frequency is
LC2: Wavelengths, frequencies, and energies of light span a
wide range; the entire range of possible values for light is
called the electromagnetic spectrum. The figure shows the
entire electromagnetic spectrum and how certain regions of
the spectrum are labeled
Question No. 3:
What color has a greater wavelength than color orange?

a. Blue
b. Yellow
c. Red
Question No. 4:
What is the wavelength of light if its frequency is ?

a. 194 mm
b. 297 m
c. 0.0297 m
LC3: The acceptance of the wave character of light came many years later when
1801, the English physicist and physician Thomas Young did his double – slit
experiment . Young first passed light from a single source through a single slit to
make the light somewhat coherent which means that the wave are in phase.

(Right) Pure-wavelength light sent through a pair of

vertical slits is diffracted into a pattern on the screen
of numerous vertical lines spread out horizontally.
Without diffraction and interference, the light would
simply make two lines on the screen.
 LC3: If the screen is a large distance away compared with the
distance between the slits, then the angle between the path and
a line from the slits to the screen is nearly the same for each
path. To obtain constructive interference for a double slit, the
path length difference must be an integral multiple of the
wavelength.

While to obtain destructive interference for a double slit the

path length difference must be a half – integral multiple of the
The paths from each slit to a common point on
wavelength.
the screen differ by an amount , assuming the
distance to the screen is much greater than the
distance between slits
 LC3: For vertical slits, the light spreads out
horizontally on either side of the incident
beam into a pattern called interference
fringes. The closer the slits are, the more is
the spreading of the bright fringes.

𝑑sin 𝜃=𝑚𝜃;𝑚=0,1,−1,2,−2,…
(Top) The interference pattern for a double slit has an intensity that falls off with angle. The photograph shows
multiple bright and dark lines, or fringes, formed by light passing through a double slit.
For Question No. 5 - 6:
Suppose you pass light from a He-Ne laser through two slits separated by 0.0100 mm and
find that the third bright line on a screen is formed at an angle of relative to the incident
beam.

a. 760 nm
b. 633 nm
c. 600 nm
d. 733 nm
For Question No. 5 - 6:
Interference patterns do not have an infinite number of lines, since there is a limit to how
big m can be. What is the highest-order constructive interference possible with the
system described in the preceding example?

a. 15
b. 16
c. 18
d. 17
LC4: Series circuit is a circuit where the
components are connected end – to – end in a
line. Each resistor in a series circuit shares one
electrical node with its nearest neighbor. A series
circuit’s defining characteristic is that all
components in a series circuit have the same
current flowing through them.
LC4: Parallel circuit where all components are connected across each other’s leads. A
parallel circuit’s defining characteristic is that all components are connected between the
same set of electrically common points. This means that the same voltage (V) is dropped
across all components in a parallel circuit.
For Question No. 7 - 8:
Please refer on the circuit diagram.
Calculate the equivalent resistance in the
circuit?

a. 5k Ohms
b. 4k Ohms
c. 2k Ohms
d. 2 Ohms
For Question No. 7 - 8:
Please refer on the circuit diagram.
Calculate the total current in the circuit?

a. 2 mA
b. 40 kA
c. 5 mA
d. 5 A
LC5: In an elastic collision, the objects
separate after impact and don’t lose any of
their kinetic energy and momentum is also
conserved. Everyday observable examples of
perfectly elastic collisions don’t exist.
However, collisions between everyday
objects are almost perfectly elastic when
they occur with objects and surfaces that are
nearly frictionless, such as with two steel
blocks on ice.
LC5: An inelastic collision is one in which kinetic energy is not conserved. A perfectly inelastic collision is one
in which objects stick together after the impact, and the maximum amount of kinetic energy is lost. For
inelastic collisions, kinetic energy may be lost in the form of heat. Two objects that have equal masses head
toward each other at equal speeds and then stick together. The two objects come to rest after sticking
together, conserving momentum but not kinetic energy after they collide.
For Question No. 9:
When two bodies collide elastically, then

a. Kinetic energy of the system alone is conserved

b. Only momentum is conserved
c. Both energy and momentum are conserved
d. Neither energy nor momentum is conserved
For Question No. 10:
A body of mass M collides against a wall with a velocity V and retraces its
path with the same speed. The change in momentum is

a. 2 Mv
b. 1 Mv
c. -2 Mv
d. Zero
LC5: When the surface is rough and provides a large non – conservative frictional force,
then the ball should be moving slower in point B than in point A. When a net force does
work on an object, then there is always a change in the kinetic energy of the object. This is
because the object experiences an acceleration and therefore a change in velocity. Leading
to this Work – Energy Theorem equation
For Question No. 11:
In an experiment, a 2 kg object is released from a height of 5 m. Calculate the potential
energy at the release point and the kinetic energy just before hitting the ground.

a. 0 J, 98 J
b. 9.8 J, 9.8 J
c. 98 J, 98 J
d. 98 J, 49 J
For Question No. 12:
A roller coaster starts from a high hill and descends with increasing speed. How does its
mechanical energy change over time given there is non – conservative forces acting on
the roller coaster?

a. Mechanical energy increases

b. Mechanical energy decreases
c. Mechanical energy remains constant
d. Mechanical energy varies randomly
LC5: Total internal reflection will not take place unless the incident light is traveling within
the more optically dense medium towards the less optically dense medium. Also, TIR can
only occur if the angle of incidence is greater than the critical angle for the particular
combination of materials.
For Question No. 13:
The brilliance of diamond is caused by ____________.

a. Diffraction
b. Reflection
c. Refraction
d. Total Internal Reflection
For Question No. 14:
For Total Internal Reflection to happen the angle of incidence must be __________ than
the critical angle.

a. Same
b. Lesser
c. Greater
d. Always Zero
LC6: As a comet gets closer to the
sun, some of its icy surface boils
off, releasing lots of particles of
dust and rock. This comet debris
gets strewn out along the comet's
path, especially in the inner solar
system (where we live) as the sun's
heat boils off more and more ice
and debris. Image taken from: NASA Science SpacePlace
Question No. 15:
From the figure, what is the orientation of the
Comet’s orbit?

a. Equatorial
b. Polar
c. Inclined
d. Lop-sided
Image taken from: NASA Science SpacePlace
Question No. 16:
The comet’s debris will turn into a space rock. From the option below arrange the
name of the space rock as it enters the Earth’s atmosphere and hits the Earth’s ground.

a. Meteoroid -> Meteor -> Meteorite

b. Meteor -> Meteoroid -> Meteorite
c. Meteorite -> Meteor -> Meteoroid
d. Meteor -> Meteorite -> Meteoroid
LC6: The vertical axis represents the
velocity of the object. This probably sounds
obvious, but be forewarned—velocity
graphs are notoriously difficult to
interpret. The slope of a velocity graph
represents the acceleration of the
object. So, the value of the slope at a
particular time represents the acceleration
of the object at that instant. While The area
under a velocity graph represents the
displacement of the object
Question No. 17:
A windsurfer is traveling along a
straight line, and her motion is given
by the velocity graph below. Which
of the following statements is true in
describing the velocity – time graph

a. Speed is zero
b. Acceleration is increasing
c. Speed is decreasing
d. Acceleration is decreasing
Question No. 18:
The motion of the go – kart is shown
by the velocity vs. time graph. What
is the acceleration at time t = 4s.
LC6: The lowest frequency that will produce a standing wave has
one bump along the string length L. This standing wave is called the
fundamental frequency, with

And there are two nodes and one antinode.

Question No. 19:
The length of the string and the wave speed of a stationary wave formed on the string is
6 m and 11 m/s respectively. If the stationary wave has six antinodes, what is the
frequency of the wave?

a. 3.7 Hz
b. 4 Hz
c. 5.5 Hz
d. 11 Hz
Question No. 20:
The length of the string is 1.5 meters long and is vibrating as the first harmonic. The
string vibrates up and down with 33 complete vibrational cycles in 10
seconds. Determine the speed for this wave

a. 3.3 m/s
b. 3.03 m/s
c. 3 m/s
d. 9.9 m/s