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    FA23 G3 Presentation - Chapter9

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    This document discusses the evolution of programming languages from machine languages to high-level languages. It covers the different translation methods of compilation and interpretation and highlights four main programming paradigms: procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative. Key points include machine languages using 0s and 1s, assembly languages using symbols, and high-level languages being portable across computers. It also notes compilation translating the entire program at once while interpretation translates line by line.

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    FA23 G3 Presentation - Chapter9

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    This document discusses the evolution of programming languages from machine languages to high-level languages. It covers the different translation methods of compilation and interpretation and highlights four main programming paradigms: procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative. Key points include machine languages using 0s and 1s, assembly languages using symbols, and high-level languages being portable across computers. It also notes compilation translating the entire program at once while interpretation translates line by line.

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    This document discusses the evolution of programming languages from machine languages to high-level languages. It covers the different translation methods of compilation and interpretation and highlights four main programming paradigms: procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative. Key points include machine languages using 0s and 1s, assembly languages using symbols, and high-level languages being portable across computers. It also notes compilation translating the entire program at once while interpretation translates line by line.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    25 views18 pages

    FA23 G3 Presentation - Chapter9

    Uploaded by

    TT
    This document discusses the evolution of programming languages from machine languages to high-level languages. It covers the different translation methods of compilation and interpretation and highlights four main programming paradigms: procedural, object-oriented, functional, and declarative. Key points include machine languages using 0s and 1s, assembly languages using symbols, and high-level languages being portable across computers. It also notes compilation translating the entire program at once while interpretation translates line by line.

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    of 18

    CSI104

    CHAPTER 9:
    PROGRAMMING
    LANGUAGES
    Presentation: Group 3
    Lecturer: NhonNT
    SUMMARY
    I. EVOLUTIONS
    - Machine languages
    - Assembly languages
    - High-level languages
    II. TRANSLATION
    - Translations process
    - Compilation and Interpretation
    III.PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS
    - Procedural paradigms
    - Object-oriented paradigm
    - Functional paradigm
    - Declarative paradigm
    IV. CONCLUSION
    1
    I. EVOLUTIONS
    Programming needs a
    computer language—a set of
    predefined words arranged
    into a program with syntax
    rules. - Machine languages.
    - Assembly languages.
    - High-level languages.
    2
    MACHINE LANGUAGES
    - In the early days, only machine
    languages existed.
    - Machine language is composed of 0s
    and 1s, specific to each computer.
    - Tedious and machine-dependent;
    considered the first generation of
    programming languages.
    3
    ASSEMBLY LANGUAGES
    - Introduced to replace machine
    code with symbols or
    mnemonics.
    - Assembly languages used
    symbolic representation for
    instructions.
    - Assembler translates assembly
    code to machine code.
    4
    HIGH-LEVEL LANGUAGES
    - Developed to improve programming
    efficiency and portability.
    - Portable across different computers,
    relieving programmers from hardware
    details.
    - Examples: BASIC, COBOL, Pascal, Ada, C,
    C++, Java.

    5
    II. TRANSLATION
    • Modern programs use high-level languages and
    need translation into the machine language of a
    specific computer for execution.
    • The original high-level code is called the source
    program, and its translated form is the object
    program.
    • Compilation and interpretation are the two
    6
    common methods of translation.
    TRANSLATION PROCESS

    • Programs are written in high-level languages.


    • Translation into machine language using compilation or interpretation.
    • Compilation translates the entire source program at once.
    • Translation process step:
    - Lexical analyzer, syntax analyzer, semantic analyzer, and code generator. 7
    - Source program translated into object program.
    COMPILATION and INTERPRETATION
    - Compilation translates high-level - Interpretation translates source code
    programming language into machine code or line by line.
    intermediate code using a specialized program
    called a compiler.
    - Two approaches to interpretation:
    first approach (BASIC, APL) and second
    - A compiler translates the entire source
    program into the object program. approach (Java).
    - It performs several tasks, including lexical
    analysis, syntax analysis, semantic analysis,
    optimization, and code generation.
    8
    III. PROGRAMMING PARADIGMS
    - Four paradigms: procedural, object-
    oriented, functional, declarative.
    - Procedural paradigm: active agent
    manipulates passive objects.

    9
    PROCEDURAL PARADIGMS
    Procedural Paradigm Essentials:
    •Distinct entities: procedures and objects.
    •Programs triggering procedures to act on objects.
    •Emphasis on separating procedures from program
    triggers.
    Procedural Program Components:
    •Object creation (declaration).
    •Sets of procedure calls (commands).
    •Sets of codes for each procedure.
    Key Procedural Languages: FORTRAN (FORmula
    TRANslation); COBOL (COmmon Business-Oriented
    Language); Pascal; C; Ada
    10
    OBJECT-ORIENTED PARADIGM
    - Active objects with methods to perform
    actions.
    - Objects of the same type share
    methods.
    - Inheritance and polymorphism are key
    concepts.

    11
    FUNCTIONAL PARADIDM
    - Programs considered mathematical
    functions.
    - Predefined primitive functions
    combined to create new functions.
    - Encourages modular programming.

    12
    DECLARATIVE PARADIGM

    - Based on logical reasoning and deduction.


    - Limited to specific domains such as artificial intelligence.
    - Example: Prolog.

    13
    IV. CONCLUSION

    - Programming languages have evolved to meet diverse needs.


    - Each paradigm offers unique approaches to problem-solving.
    - Choosing the right paradigm depends on the nature of the problem.

    14

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