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    Lecture 30 - Chapter 11

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    Mircea Pantea
    1) The document covers topics in rotational motion from chapters 10 and 11, including rolling motion, kinetic energy of rotation, angular momentum, and analogies between linear and angular quantities. 2) It discusses rolling on an inclined plane and how static friction prevents slipping while gravitational force acts down the slope. Conservation of energy applies. 3) Angular momentum of a rigid body rotating about a fixed axis depends on its moment of inertia and angular velocity. Newton's second law can be expressed in terms of angular momentum. Angular momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero.

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    Lecture 30 - Chapter 11

    Uploaded by

    Mircea Pantea
    7 views15 pages
    1) The document covers topics in rotational motion from chapters 10 and 11, including rolling motion, kinetic energy of rotation, angular momentum, and analogies between linear and angular quantities. 2) It discusses rolling on an inclined plane and how static friction prevents slipping while gravitational force acts down the slope. Conservation of energy applies. 3) Angular momentum of a rigid body rotating about a fixed axis depends on its moment of inertia and angular velocity. Newton's second law can be expressed in terms of angular momentum. Angular momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero.

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    1) The document covers topics in rotational motion from chapters 10 and 11, including rolling motion, kinetic energy of rotation, angular momentum, and analogies between linear and angular quantities. 2) It discusses rolling on an inclined plane and how static friction prevents slipping while gravitational force acts down the slope. Conservation of energy applies. 3) Angular momentum of a rigid body rotating about a fixed axis depends on its moment of inertia and angular velocity. Newton's second law can be expressed in terms of angular momentum. Angular momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    7 views15 pages

    Lecture 30 - Chapter 11

    Uploaded by

    Mircea Pantea
    1) The document covers topics in rotational motion from chapters 10 and 11, including rolling motion, kinetic energy of rotation, angular momentum, and analogies between linear and angular quantities. 2) It discusses rolling on an inclined plane and how static friction prevents slipping while gravitational force acts down the slope. Conservation of energy applies. 3) Angular momentum of a rigid body rotating about a fixed axis depends on its moment of inertia and angular velocity. Newton's second law can be expressed in terms of angular momentum. Angular momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Introductory Physics

    Chapters 10 and 11
    Angular momentum
    Problems

    Lecture 30 – November 30
    Outline – Rotational motion topics (Ch. 10 and 11)

    • Motions combining translation and rotation – rolling


    • Kinetic energy for rotation around a moving axis
    • Angular momentum
    • Work in terms of angular quantities
    Rolling on an inclined plane
    • The gravitational force component acts
    down the slope.
    • The wheel “wants” to slide down the
    slope, so the static friction force acts up
    the slope to prevent the sliding
    • The frictional force does no work
    because point P is always at rest.
    • The conservation of energy applies..
    Rolling on an inclined plane

    Compare with to check is the


    The effective inertial mass of the
    condition for rolling without
    object is larger than the actual
    slipping is satisfied.
    mass.
    Work done by a constant torque
    Work done by the torque for a rotation by angle
    ⃗
    𝐹
    𝑊 =𝐹𝑠=𝐹𝑟 𝜃=𝜏𝜃
    Δ𝜃 s
    𝑊 =𝜏 Δ 𝜃=𝜏 (𝜃 2 − 𝜃1 )

    • The torques accelerates the motion so the kinetic energy will change.
    • The work energy applies for rotation too.

    Δ 𝐾𝐸=𝑊 𝑛𝑒𝑡

    1 2 1 2
    𝐼 𝜔 2 − 𝐼 𝜔 1= (𝜏 Δ 𝜃 )𝑛𝑒𝑡
    2 2
    Analogy between linear and angular
    quantities
    Linear Angular (rotation)
    Linear displacement [m] Angular displacement (angle)
    Velocity [m/s] Angular velocity [rad/s]
    Acceleration [m/s2] Angular acceleration [rad/s2]
    Force [N] Torque [N m] ()
    Mass [kg] Moment of inertia [kg m2]
    Work (in terms of force and Work (in terms of torque and angular
    displacement) [J] displacement) [J] ]
    Momentum [kg m/s] Angular momentum [kg m2/s] ()
    Newton’s second law Newton’s second law
    Kinetic energy Kinetic energy
    Angular Momentum
    The angular momentum of a
    particle with respect to the
    origin O is

    • Magnitude:
    • Direction: along the axis,
    𝑟⊥ right-hand rule.

    Interpretation 1 Interpretation 2
    The Angular Momentum of a Rigid Body Rotating
    about a Fixed Axis

    𝑙𝑖 =𝑟 𝑖⊥ Δ 𝑚𝑖 𝑣 𝑖
    𝑙𝑖 =𝑟 𝑖 Δ𝑚𝑖 𝑣 𝑖 sin ⁡(𝜃) 𝑟 𝑖⊥
    𝑙𝑖 =𝑟 𝑖⊥ Δ 𝑚𝑖 𝜔 𝑟 𝑖⊥ 𝑣 𝑖 (because is the radius of
    the circular trajectory)

    𝑙𝑖 =𝜔 Δ𝑚𝑖 r 2i⊥ Moment of


    inertia

    𝐿=∑ 𝜔 Δ 𝑚 r ¿𝜔 ∑ Δ𝑚 r
    2
    𝑖 i⊥
    2
    𝑖 i⊥
    𝑖 𝑖

    𝐿=𝐼 𝜔 angular momentum


    Newton’s Second Law in terms of angular
    momentum
    Remember Newton’s second law in terms of momentum:

    Take derivative by using the chain rule


    Conservation of Angular Momentum

    Let us consider what happens if the net torque on an object or a system of objects
    is zero.

    = 0 so that = 0.
    Angular Momentum is conserved if the net torque is zero.
    Conservation of Angular Momentum
    • The moment of inertia is reduced
    (by pulling the arms closer to the
    body).
    • The moment is conserved
    • The angular speed increases (to
    keep constant.

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