Ekstraksi Cair-Cair Pertemuan 3
Ekstraksi Cair-Cair Pertemuan 3
Ekstraksi Cair-Cair Pertemuan 3
Ekstraksi
AdsorpsiPadat-Cair
Cair-Cair
(Liquid-Liquid
(Solid-Liquid Extraction)
Extraction)
3. Multi-Stage Countercurrent
Extraction
Continuous multistage countercurrent extraction
Countercurrent process and overall balance :
to define stream composition and the number of stages
A balance on C:
L0 xC 0 V N 1 y C N 1 LN xC N V1 y C1 Mx C M 5.13
L0 xC 0 V N 1 y CN 1 LN xC N V1 y C1 5.14
Combining 5.12 and 5.13 x CM
L0 V N 1 LN V1
L0 x A0 V N 1 y AN 1 L N x AN V1 y A1
Balance on component A gives
x AM 5.15
L0 V N 1 LN V1
3
Countercurrent process and overall balance
L0 xC 0 V N 1 y CN 1 LN xC N V1 y C1
x CM
L0 V N 1 LN V1
L0 x A0 V N 1 y AN 1 L N x AN V1 y A1
x AM
L0 V N 1 LN V1
4
Contoh Soal
Rafinat (% w) Extract (% w)
Pure solvent isopropyl ether at the rate Acetic water ether Acetic water ether
of VN+1 = 600 kg/h is being used to acid acid
extract an aqueous solution of L0=200 0 98,8 1,2 0 0,6 99,4
0,69 98,1 1,2 0,18 0,5 99,3
kg/h containing 30 wt% acetic acid (A) 1,41 97,1 1,5 0,37 0,7 98,9
by countercurrent multistage extraction. 2,89 95,5 1,6 0,79 0,8 98,4
The desired exit acetic acid 6,42 91,7 1,9 1,93 1,0 97,1
concentration in the aqueous phase is 13,30 84,4 2,3 4,82 1,9 93,3
4%. Calculate the compositions and 25,50 71,1 3,4 11,40 3,9 84,7
amounts of the ether extract V1 and the 36,70 58,9 4,4 21,60 6,9 71,5
aqueous raffinate LN. Use equilibrium 44,30 45,1 10,6 31,10 10,8 58,1
46,40 37,1 16,5 36,20 15,1 48,7
data from the table.
5
Solution: The given values are VN+1 = 600kg/h, yAN+1 = 0, yCN+1 = 1.0, L0 = 200kg/h,
xA0 = 0.30, xB0 = 0.70, xC0 = 0, and xAN = 0.04.
In figure below, VN+1 and L0 are plotted. Also, since LN is on the phase
boundary, it can be plotted at xAN = 0.04. For the mixture point M, substituting into
eqs. below,
L0 xC 0 VN 1 yC N 1 200(0) 600(1.0)
xCM 0.75
L0 VN 1 200 600
L0 x A0 VN 1 y AN 1 200(0.30) 600(0)
x AM 0.075
L0 VN 1 200 600
6
Using these coordinates,
1) In figure below, VN+1 , L0 and M (xAM : 0.075, xCM: 0.75) are plotted in
one line
2) Since LN is on the phase boundary, it can be plotted at xAN = 0.04. We
locate V1 by drawing a line from LN through M and extending it until it
intersects the phase boundary. This gives yA1 = 0.08 and yC1 = 0.90.
100
90
80
70
60
50
IPE
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
asam asetat
3) Calculate the values of LN and V1 using Mass Balance Eqs.
Datas :
VN+1 = 600kg/h, L0 = 200kg/h
yAN+1 = 0 xA0 = 0.30 Total Mass Balance
yCN+1 = 1.0 xB0 = 0.70, L0 V N 1 LN V1 M
xC0 = 0 LN+ V1 = 800 kg
V1 =664.1 kg/h
Stage-to-stage calculations for countercurrent extraction.
x L0 x0 V1 y1 Ln x n Vn 1 y n 1 L N x N V N 1 y N 1 ... 5.20
Stage-to-stage calculations for
countercurrent extraction.
L0 x0 V1 y1 Ln x n Vn 1 y n 1 L N x N V N 1 y N 1
x 5.21
L0 V1 Ln Vn 1 L N V N 1
90
80
70
60
50
IPE
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
asam asetat
Penentuan Jumlah Stages pada Countercurrent Extraction
90
80
70
60
50
IPE
40
30
20
10
0
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
asam asetat
100
90
Contoh soal:
80
Isopropyl ether murni dengan laju alir 450
70
kg/h akan digunakan untuk meng ekstrak
60
larutan asam asetat-air dengan
50
konsentrasi 30 wt% dengan laju alir 150
IPE
40
kg/h dalam ekstraktor multi-tahap lawan
30 arah (countercurrent multistage).
20 Konsentrasi asam dalam rafinat keluar 5
10 wt%. Hitung jumlah tahap keseimbangan
0 yang dibutuhkan!
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
asam asetat
100
90
80
70 Data:
Asetat di ekstrak (yA)
V3 V
2
L0 V1 Ln Vn 1 L N V N 1 ....
20
THANK YOU