Math Chapter 2 Form 2

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CHAPTER 2: FACTORISATION

AND ALGEBRAIC FRACTIONS


BAB 2: PEMFAKTORAN DAN PECAHAN ALGEBRA
2.1 EXPANSION
2.1 KEMBANGAN
 Expansion of algebraic expression is the product of multiplication of one or two
expressions in brackets. Kembangan ungkapan algebra bermaksud hasil pendaraban satu atau dua
ungkapan dalam kurungan.
 When doing expansion of algebraic expressions, every term within the bracket needs to
be multiplied with the term outside the bracket. Apabila melakukan kembangan ungkapan
algebra, setiap sebutan dalam tanda kurungan mesti didarabkan dengan sebutan di luar kurungan.
Example 1 Solution

Expand the following expressions.


Kembangkan setiap ungkapan berikut.
 When doing expansion on two algebraic expressions in two brackets, every term in the
first bracket must be multiplied with every term in the second bracket. For example:
 Apabila melakukan kembangan dua ungkapan algebra dalam dua tanda kurungan, setiap sebutan dalam
tanda kurungan pertama mesti didarabkan dengan setiap sebutan dalam tanda kurungan kedua.
Misalnya:
Example 2
Solution
Expand each of the following expressions.
Kembangkan setiap ungkapan berikut.
 Combined operations for algebraic terms must be solved by following the 'BODMAS'
rule. Penyelesaian gabungan operasi bagi ungkapan algebra mahupun sebutan algebra mestilah
mematuhi hukum 'BODMAS’.
Example 3 Solution

Simplify. Permudahkan.
2.2 FACTORISATION
2.2 PEMFAKTORAN
 Example, the factors of . Misalnya, faktor bagi .
1 2 ×𝑎
Therefore, factors of 2a are 1, , 2 and . Maka, faktor bagi ialah 1, 2a, 2 dan .

 Factors, Common Factors and Highest Common Factor (HCF) for the product of algebraic
expressions. Faktor, Faktor Sepunya dan Faktor Sepunya Terbesar (FSTB) bagi hasil darab ungkapan algebra

ListExample 4
out all the common factors for each of the following terms. Senaraikan semua faktor sepunya bagi setiap
sebutan berikut.
a) 6p, 4pq

Solution
Factorisation of algebraic expressions
Pemfaktoran ungkapan algebra
 Using HCF. Menggunakan FSTB
Example 5

The algebraic expressions, can be written as product of two factors as in,


Ungkapan algebra bagi boleh ditulis sebagai hasil darab dua faktor seperti,

This is known as factorisation. Ini dinamakan pemfaktoran.


Example 5 Example 6
 Determine the Highest Common Factor (HCF) Factorise the expressions below. Faktorkan
for each of the following the terms. Tentukan setiap ungkapan berikut.
Faktor Sepunya Terbesar (FSTB) bagi setiap
a)
sebutan.
b)
a) 6p, 4pq

Solution
Solution
Example 7
Factorise each of the following expressions. Faktorkan setiap ungkapan berikut.

Solution
 Using cross multiplication. Menggunakan pendaraban silang
 Algebraic expressions of , where by a ≠ 0 and a, b, c are integers that can be factorised.

Exampleeach
Factorise 8 of the following expressions. Faktorkan setiap ungkapan berikut.

a)
b)

Solution
 Using common factors involving 4 algebraic terms. Menggunakan faktor sepunya dalam empat sebutan
algebra.

Example 8
Factorise each of the following terms. Faktorkan setiap ungkapan berikut.

Solution
Try this!
1. Factorise the following algebraic expressions. Faktorkan ungkapan algebra berikut.
2.3 Algebraic Expressions and Basic Arithmetic Operations
2.3 Ungkapan Algebra dan Hukum Operasi Asas Aritmetik
1. Addition and subtraction of algebraic expressions. Penambahan dan penolakan ungkapan algebra.
 Addition and subtraction of algebraic fractions with the same denominators. Menambah atau menolak pecahan
algebra dengan penyebut yang sama.

Example 9 Solution
 Addition or subtraction of algebraic fractions with different denominators. Menambah atau menolak
pecahan algebra yang penyebutnya tidak sama.
Example 10 Solution
2. Multiplication and division of algebraic expressions. Pendaraban dan pembahagian ungkapan
algebra.
Example 11 Solution
3. Combined operations of algebraic expressions. Gabungan operasi ungkapan algebra.
Example 12 Solution

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