Sexual Transmited Disease

SEXUAL TRANSMITED
DISEASE
INFEKSI MENULAR SEKSUAL
What is STD
• Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), or sexually transmitted
infections (STIs), are infections that are passed from one person to
another through sexual contact. The contact is usually vaginal, oral, or
anal sex.
• There are more than 20 types of STDs, including:
• Chlamydia
• Genital herpes
• Gonorrhea
• HIV/AIDS
• HPV
• Pubic lice
• Syphilis
• Trichomoniasis
What Causes STD ?
• STDs can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

What are the symptoms of sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs)?
• Unusual discharge from the penis or vagina
• Sores or warts on the genital area
• Painful or frequent urination
• Itching and redness in the genital area
• Blisters or sores in or around the mouth
• Abnormal vaginal odor
• Anal itching, soreness, or bleeding
• Abdominal painn
• Fever
Clamydia Infection
• It is caused by bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis.
• You can get chlamydia during oral, vaginal, or anal sex with someone
who has the infection. A woman can also pass chlamydia to her baby
during childbirth.
• Symptoms in women include:
• Abnormal vaginal discharge, which may have a strong smell

• A burning sensation when urinating
• Pain during intercourse
• Symptoms in men include:
• Discharge from your penis

• A burning sensation when urinating
• Burning or itching around the opening of your penis
• Pain and swelling in one or both testicles (although this is less
common)
How is chlamydia diagnosed?
• For women, providers sometimes use (or ask you to use) a cotton
swab to get a sample from your vagina to test for chlamydia.
What are the treatments for chlamydia?
• Antibiotics will cure the infection. You may get a one-time dose of the
antibiotics, or you may need to take medicine every day for 7 days.
Antibiotics cannot repair any permanent damage that the disease has
caused.
GENITAL HERPES
• caused by a herpes simplex virus (HSV)
• You can get it from having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone
who has it. The virus can spread even when sores are not present.
Mothers can also infect their babies during childbirth.
• Pemeriksaan baku emas herpes genital adalah deteksi keberadaan
virus menggunakan polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
GENITAL HERPES
• Diperlukan waktu 2 - 3 minggu untuk melewati fase tersebut. [1]
Selain itu pasien akan mengeluhkan gatal-gatal, rasa terbakar, sakit
kepala, demam, malaise, dysuria, dan tender inguinal
lymphadenopathy. [1,3]
• Gejala yang muncul ketika virus aktif kembali lebih ringan dengan
durasi yang lebih pendek dibandingkan herpes primer. Pada pria akan
muncul vesikel yang lebih sedikit sedangkan pada wanita akan muncul
iritasi pada vulvar dengan durasi 8 sampai 10 hari. [3]
SIFILIS
• Sifilis adalah infeksi yang disebabkan oleh treponema pallidum dan
ditransmisikan melalui kontak dengan pasien sifilis. Beberapa cara lain
selain kontak seksual antara lain infeksi ibu ke janin didalam uterus
dan transfusi darah. Sifilis dapat ditandai dengan adanya chancre
pada lokasi inokulasi (papul yang tidak nyeri, dapat membentuk ulkus
dan berindurasi). Pada laki-laki lokasi dapat ditemukan di mulut dan
rongga mulut, anal, dan genital eksterna. Pada wanita sering
ditemukan di serviks dan labia. Untuk menegakkan diagnosis dapat
dilakukan pemeriksaan TPHA dan VDRL pada pasien dengan keluhan
klinis sifilis.
Gonorhae
• In men, gonorrhea can cause pain when urinating and discharge from
the penis. If untreated, it can cause problems with the prostate and
testicles.
• In women, the early symptoms of gonorrhea often are mild. Later, it

can cause bleeding between periods, pain when urinating, and
increased discharge from the vagina. If untreated, it can lead to pelvic
inflammatory disease, which causes problems with pregnancy and
infertility.
Human Papiloma Virus
• Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of related viruses. They can cause warts on different parts of your
body. There are more than 200 types. About 40 of them are spread through direct sexual contact with
someone who has the virus. They can also spread through other intimate, skin-to-skin contact. Some of
these types can cause cancer.
• There are two categories of sexually transmitted HPV. Low-risk HPV can cause warts on or around your
genitals, anus, mouth, or throat. High-risk HPV can cause various cancers:
• Cervical cancer
• Anal cancer
• Some types of oral and throat cancer
• Vulvar cancer
• Vaginal cancer
• Penile cancer
HIV / AIDS
• What is HIV?
• HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It harms your immune

system by destroying a type of white blood cell that helps your body fight
infection. This puts you at risk for serious infections and certain cancers.
• What is AIDS?
• AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is the final stage

of infection with HIV. It happens when the body's immune system is badly
damaged because of the virus. Not everyone with HIV develops AIDS.
• How does HIV spread?
• HIV can spread in different ways:
• Through unprotected sex with a person with HIV. This is the most
common way that it spreads.
• By sharing drug needles
• Through contact with the blood of a person with HIV
• From mother to baby during pregnancy, childbirth, or breastfeeding
• Who is at risk for HIV infection?
• Anyone can get HIV, but certain groups have a higher risk of getting it:
• People who have another sexually transmitted disease (STD). Having an STD
can increase your risk of getting or spreading HIV.
• People who inject drugs with shared needles
• • Gay and bisexual men, especially those who are Black/African American
or Hispanic/Latino American
• People who engage in risky sexual behaviors, such as not using condoms
• What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
• The first signs of HIV infection may be flu-like symptoms:
• Fever
• Chills
• Rash
• Night sweats
• Muscle aches
• Sore throat
• Fatigue
• Swollen lymph nodes
• Mouth ulcers
What are the treatments for HIV/AIDS?
• There is no cure for HIV infection, but it can be treated with medicines. This is
called antiretroviral therapy (ART). ART can make HIV infection a manageable
chronic condition. It also reduces the risk of spreading the virus to others.
• Most people with HIV live long and healthy lives if they get and stay on ART.
It's also important to take care of yourself. Making sure that you have the
support you need, living a healthy lifestyle, and getting regular medical care
can help you enjoy a better quality of life.
life.
Can HIV/AIDS be prevented?
• You can reduce the risk of spreading HIV by:
• Getting tested for HIV

• Choosing less risky sexual behaviors. This includes limiting the number of sexual partners you have
and using latex condoms every time you have sex. If your or your partner is allergic to latex, you can
use polyurethane condoms.
• Getting tested and treated for sexually transmitted diseases (STDs)
• Not injecting drugs
• Talking to your health care provider about medicines to prevent HIV:
• PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis) is for people who don't already have HIV but are at very high
risk of getting it. PrEP is daily medicine that can reduce this risk.
• PEP (post-exposure prophylaxis) is for people who have possibly been exposed to HIV. It is only
for emergency situations. PEP must be started within 72 hours after a possible exposure to HIV.

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SEXUAL TRANSMITED

• STDs can be caused by bacteria, viruses, and parasites.

• Abnormal vaginal discharge, which may have a strong smell

• Discharge from your penis

• In women, the early symptoms of gonorrhea often are mild. Later, it

• HIV stands for human immunodeficiency virus. It harms your immune

• AIDS stands for acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. It is the final stage

• HIV can spread in different ways:

• The first signs of HIV infection may be flu-like symptoms:

• Getting tested for HIV

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