Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 33 views

    Lesson 12: Preparation of Selected Organic Compound: Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis)

    Uploaded by

    Maricel Ceyh Gonzales
    The document discusses the formation of polymers from monomers via dehydration synthesis, where monomers link together by forming covalent bonds and releasing water molecules. This process can be reversed by hydrolysis where water is added and breaks the bonds between monomers in polymers. Several examples of important biological polymers are described including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Lesson 12: Preparation of Selected Organic Compound: Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis)

    Uploaded by

    Maricel Ceyh Gonzales
    33 views28 pages
    The document discusses the formation of polymers from monomers via dehydration synthesis, where monomers link together by forming covalent bonds and releasing water molecules. This process can be reversed by hydrolysis where water is added and breaks the bonds between monomers in polymers. Several examples of important biological polymers are described including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.

    Original Title

    11 STEM Q2 week 6

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document discusses the formation of polymers from monomers via dehydration synthesis, where monomers link together by forming covalent bonds and releasing water molecules. This process can be reversed by hydrolysis where water is added and breaks the bonds between monomers in polymers. Several examples of important biological polymers are described including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    33 views28 pages

    Lesson 12: Preparation of Selected Organic Compound: Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis)

    Uploaded by

    Maricel Ceyh Gonzales
    The document discusses the formation of polymers from monomers via dehydration synthesis, where monomers link together by forming covalent bonds and releasing water molecules. This process can be reversed by hydrolysis where water is added and breaks the bonds between monomers in polymers. Several examples of important biological polymers are described including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 28

    Lesson 12:

    Preparation of Selected Organic


    Compound

    (Dehydration Synthesis & Hydrolysis)


    How Are Organic Compounds Formed?

    Monomers = building blocks (units)

    Polymers = a larger molecule made of repeating


    subunits

    Monomers link together to form polymers.


    Many small
    molecules

    One large molecule


    Polymers:
    Synthesis and Hydrolysis of Polymers
    • The most important biological compounds are
    polymers
    • Poly means “many”
    • Monomers are
    a. MONOSACCHARIDES (SIMPLE SUGARS)
    b. AMINO ACIDS
    c. NUCLEOTIDES
    d. FATTY ACIDS
    Polymers are:
    • made (DEHYDRATION SYNTHESIS) or broken
    down (HYDROLYSIS) over and over in living
    cells
    • Dehydration Synthesis = loss of water
    • a.k.a. Condensation
    • a.k.a. Polymerization
    Background:
    – Often organic molecule contain functional
    groups containing carboxyl (COOH) or
    hydroxyl groups (OH) or both.
    – This is important because H and OH can be
    found hanging off monomers

    O
    Monomer H Monomer
    H
    Dehydration Synthesis
    Dehydration Synthesis
    Dehydration Synthesis

    Water
    released

    What kind of bond is this?


    Dehydration Synthesis
    Dehydration Synthesis
    Dehydration Synthesis
    Dehydration Synthesis
    Polymer Monomer
    • Hydrolysis
    • Hydro = water & lysis = loosening
    • Water is added and breaks the covalent bonds
    of polymers
    • Requires hydrolytic enzymes

    Enzymes lower
    the activation
    energy to speeds
    up the reaction.

    14
    Hydrolysis
    Hydrolysis
    Hydrolysis
    Hydrolysis
    Diagram of Synthesis vs. Hydrolysis
    Monomers

    Hydrolysis Synthesis
    Reaction Reaction

    H2 O H2 O
    Polymer 19
    Diagram of Synthesis vs. Hydrolysis
    Monomers

    Hydrolysis Synthesis
    Reaction Reaction

    H2 O H2 O
    Polymer 20
    Types of Polymers
    A. Proteins: Polymers of amino acids
    B. Nucleic Acids(DNA, RNA): Polymers of nucleotides
    C. Carbohydrates: Polymers of monosaccharides
    D. Lipids: Polymers of fatty acids & glycerol

    Organic compounds are also known as


    MACROMOLECULES.
    Organic Molecules: Preview
    Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids

    Composition: C H O C H O C H O N C H O N P
    (monosaccharide) (1 glycerol (amino acid) (nucleotide)
    3 fatty acids)

    Function: Maini source of Long term Structure/ Genetic code


    energy/ Structure energy Builds and (DNA) or
    storage/ repairs tissues/ immediate
    Structure/ Catalysis energy (ATP)
    Signalling

    22
    Assessment
    1. Amino acid is to protein as
    a. fat is to lipid.
    b. DNA is to RNA.
    c. sugar is to fat.
    d. simple sugar is to starch.
    2. Which of the following is NOT a
    monomer?
    a. a protein
    b. a nucleotide
    c. an amino acid
    d. a glucose molecule
    3. How does an enzyme speed up
    a chemical reaction?
    a. releasing energy
    b. Absorbing energy
    c. raising the activation energy
    d. lowering the activation energy
    4. Which of the following
    molecules is made-up of glycerol
    and fatty acids?
    a. lipids
    b. nucleic acids
    c. protein
    d. carbohydrates
    5. Dehydration synthesis leads to
    formation of
    a. monomers
    b. polymers

    You might also like