The refrigerant volume flow rate at the entrance of

compressor were obtained from a test on a twin

cylinder, single acting, 15cm x 20cm, 320 rpm
compressor ammonia refrigerating a plant to be 33 L/s.
Determine the volumetric efficiency of the compressor.

A. 77.65%
B. 87.6%
C. 97.6%
D. 68.65%
Compute the humidity ratio of air @ 70% relative
humidity and 25˚C when the barometric pressure is
101.325 kPa from steam tables. Psat at 34˚C = 3.169
kPa

A. 0.014 kg water vapor / kg dry air

B. 0.14 kg water vapor / kg dry air
C. 1.4 kg water vapor / kg dry air
D. 0.0014 kg water vapor / kg dry air
The pressure gage registers 50 psig in a region where
the barometer reads 14.8 psia. Find the absolute
pressure in kPa.

A. 666.66 kPa
B. 556.66 kPa
C. 446.66 kPa
D. 336.66 kPa
Consider 1 kg of air at 32˚C that expanded by a
reversible polytropic process with n = 1.25 until the
pressure is halved. Determine the heat transfer.
Specific heat at constant volume for air is 0.7186
KJ / kg .K.

A. 17.02 KJ heat rejected

B. 17.02 KJ heat added
C. 7.05 KJ heat rejected
D. 7.05 KJ heat added
Determine the specific weight of air 760 mmHg
absolute and 22˚C.

A. 1.204 kg / m3
B. 1.016 kg / m3
C. 1.197 kg / m3
D. 1.266 kg / m3
Find the enthalpy of Helium if its
internal energy is 200 kJ / kg.

A. 144 kJ / kg
B. 223.42 kJ / kg
C. 333.42 kJ / kg
D. 166 kJ / kg
Compute the mass of a 2 m3 propane at 280 kPa and
40˚C.

A. 6.4 kg
B. 5 kg
C. 10.20 kg
D. 9.47 kg
Compute the air flow in ft3 / min of mechanical
ventilation required to exhaust an accumulation of
refrigerant due to leaks of the system capable of
revolving air from the machinery room for a mass of
4 kg refrigerant.

A. 200
B. 210
C. 220
D. 230
Compute the free – aperture cross – section in
m3 for the ventilation of a machinery room if
the mass of refrigerant is 9 kg.

A. 0.314
B. 0.414
C. 0.514
D. 0.614
A 29.53 “ x 39.37” pressure vessel contains ammonia
with f = 0.041. compute the minimum required
discharge capacity of the roller device in kg / hr.

A. 106.71 kg / hr
B. 108.71 kg / hr
C. 110.71 kg / hr
D. 112.71 kg / hr
Compute the maximum length of the discharge pipe
installed on the outlet of a pressure relief device in feet
for internal pipe diameter of 0.5 inch and rated
discharge capacity is 8 lb / min of air. The rated
pressure of relief valve is 16 psig.

A. 0.286 ft
B. 0.386 ft
C. 0.486 ft
D. 0.586 ft
A thermal power plant has a heat rate 11,363
BTU / kW – hr. Find the thermal efficiency of
the plant.

A. 28%
B. 30%
C. 34%
D. 40%
Find the heat needed to raise the temperature of the
water from 30 C to 100 C with 60% quality.
Consider an atmospheric pressure of
101.325kpa.use the approximate enthalpy formula
of liquid.

A. 293.09 kJ/kg
B. 1,777.90 kJ/kg
C. 1,547.90 kJ/kg
D. 1,647.29 kJ/kg
An air compressor consumed 1200 kw-hr
per day of energy. The electric motor
driving the compressor has an efficiency
of 80%. If the indicated power of the
compressor is 34 kw, find the mechanical
efficiency of the compressor

A. 117.65%
B. 76.8%
C. 85%
D. 90%
A refrigeration system consumed 28,800 kw-hr per
month of energy. There are 20% of energy is lost
due to cooling system of the compressor and motor
efficiency is 90%. If COP of the system is 6, find
the tons of refrigeration of the system.

A. 43.15 TR
B. 46.15 TR
C. 49.15 TR
D. 41.15 TR
A 23 tons refrigeration system has a heat
rejection of 100 kw. Find the energy efficiency
ratio of the system.

A. 13.42
B. 14.42
C. 15.42
D. 16.42
A 200 mm x 250 mm, 8-cylinder, 4-stroke diesel
engine has a brake power of 150 kw. The
mechanical efficiency is 80%. If two of the
cylinders were accidentally cut off, what will be
the new friction power.

A. 31.50 kw
B. 33.50 kw
C. 35.5 kw
D. 37.5 kw
If the energy efficiency ratio of the refrigeration
system is 12.6 , what is the cop of the system?

A. 3.69
B. 4.23
C. 5.92
D. 6.83
An air compressor has a power of 40 KW at 4%
clearance .If clearance will increase to 7%. What is
the new power?

A. 70 KW
B. 40 KW
C. 53 KW
D. 60 KW
What is the approximate value of temperature
of water having enthalphy of 208 Btu/lb?

A. 138.67˚C
B. 115.55 ˚C
C. 258.67˚C
D. 68.67˚C
Two kilograms of air in a rigid tank
changes its temperature from 32˚C to
150˚C. Find the work done during the
process.

A. 236
B. 170
C. 195
D. 0
Determine the atmospheric pressure at a
location where barometric reading is 740 mm Hg
and gravitational acceleration is g = 9.7 m / s2.
Assume the temperature of mercury to be 10˚C,
at which the density is 13,670 kg / m3 .

A. 99.45 kPa
B. 97.41 kPa
C. 95.44 kPa
D. 98.66 kPa
The barometer of a mountain hiker reads 930 mbars at
the beginning of a hiking trip and 780 mbars at the end.
Neglecting the effect of altitude on local gravitational
acceleration. Determine the vertical distance climbed.
Assuming g = 9.7 m / s2

A. 1274.21 m
B. 1289.00 m
C. 1267.34 m
D. 1583.34 m
The lower half of a 10 m high cylindrical
container is filled with water and the upper
half with oil that has SG = 0.85. Determine the
pressure difference between the top and
bottom of the cylinder.

a. 90.74 kPa
b. 92.74 kPa
c. 83.38 kPa
d. 96.10 kPa
An ideal gas at 0.80 atmospheres and 87o C,
0.45 liter. How many moles are in the
sample? (R = 0.0821 liters-atm/mole-K

a. 0.0002 mole
b. 0.0378 mole
c. 0.0122 mole
d. 0.0091 mole
A certain gas at 101.325 kPa and 10o C whose volume is 2.83
m3 are compressed into a storage vessel at 0.31 m3 capacity.
Before admission, the storage vessel contained the gas at a
pressure and temperature of 137.8 kPa and 26o C after
admission the pressure has increased to 1171.6 kPa. What
should be the final temperature of the gas in the vessel in
Kelvin

a. 296.0
b. 319.8
c. 180.0
d. 314.2
A perfect gas has a value of R = 58.8 ft-lb/lb-oR
and k = 1.26. if 20 BTU are added to 10 lbs of the
gas at constant volume when initial temperature
is 90o F. Find the final temperature.

a. 97oF
b. 104oF
c. 154oF
d. 185oF
At 1.3 MPa, mixture steam and water has
an entropy of 3 kJ/kg-oK. Find the
enthalpy of the mixture: at 1.3 MPa
sf = 2.2525 sg = 6.4953 hf = 814.93 hg
= 1972.7

a. 1627.71 kJ/kg
b. 1533.33 kJ/kg
c. 1234.45 kJ/kg
d. 1162.40 kJ/kg
Mixture with 70% quality at 500 kPa is
heated isothermally until its pressure is
300 kPa. Find the heat added during
the process: at 500 kPa sf = 1.8607 sfg =
4.9606 at 300 kPa and 151.86oC cs =
7.0888

a. 745.92 kJ/kg
b. 535.16 kJ/kg
c. 983.44 kJ/kg
d. 765.34 kJ/kg
A tank contains exactly one kilograms of water
consisting of liquid and vapor in equilibrium at
1 Mpa. If the liquid contains one – third and
the remaining is the enthalpy of the contents of
the tank? At 1 MPa: vf = 0.0011273 vfg =
0.19444
hf = 762.81 hfg = 2015.4

a. 644.40 kJ/kg
b. 774.40kJ/kg
c. 785.92 kJ/kg
d. 485.29 kJ/kg
Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC enters a boiler tube at
constant inside diamete of 35 mm. The water leaves the
boiler tube at 50 bar and 700oK at velocity of 100 m/s.
Calculate the inlet volume flow (L/s)
From steam tables: at 70 bar (7MPa) at 65oC
v1 = 0.001017 m3/kg at 50 bar (5MPa) and 700oK (427oC) v2
= 0.06081 m3/kg

a. 0.821
b. 1.261
c. 0.344
d. 1.609
Steam leaves an industrial boiler at 827.4 kPa and 171.6
o
C. A portion of the steam is passed through a throttling
calorimeter and is exhausted to the atmosphere when the
calorimeter pressure is 101.4 kPa. How much moisture
does the steam leaving the boiler contain if the
temperature of the steam at the calorimeter is 115.6 oC?
At 827.4 kPa
(171.6 oC) hf = 727.25 kJ/kg hfg = 2043.2 kJ/kg. From table
3: at 101.4 kPa and 115.6oC h2 = 2707.6 kJ/kg

a. 3.78%
b. 3.08%
c. 4.56%
d. 2.34%
Atmospheric pressure boils at 212oF. At the
vacuum pressure at 24 in Hg, the tempreature is
142oF. Find the boiling temperature when the
pressure is increased by 40 psia from
atmospheric.

a. 449.42oF
b. 526.34oF
c. 479.13oF
d. 263.45oF
A certain coal has the following ultimate
analysis:
C = 69% N2 = 5% H2 = 2.5% S = 7%. Determine
the amount of oxygen if the heating value of fuel
is 26,961.45 kJ/kg

a. 1.5%
b. 2.5%
c. 3.5%
d. 4.5%
A throttling calorimeter is connected to the desuperheated
steam line supplying the steam to the auxiliary feed pump
on a ship. The line pressure measures 2.5 MPa. The
calorimeter pressure is 110 kPa and 150oC. Determine the
entropy of the stea,m line. At 110 kPa and 150oC:
h2 = 2775.6 kJ/kg
At 2.5 Mpa: hf = 952.11 kJ/kg-K hfg = 1841 kJ/kg

a. 6.8 kJ/kg-K
b. 6.2 kJ/kg-k
c. 6.6 kJ/kg-k
d. 7.5 kJ/kg-k
A logging firm in Isabella operates a Diesel Electric
Plant to supply its electric energy requirements.
During a 24 hour period, the plant consumed 250
gallons of fuel at 80oF and produced 2900 kW-hr.
Industrial fuel used is 30oAPI and was purchased at
P30.00/L at 60oF. Determine the overall thermal
efficiency of the plant.

a. 26.08%
b. 34.23%
c. 28.00%
d. 18.46%
The following coal has the following ultimate
analysis by weight: C = 70.5% H2 = 4.5%
O2 = 6.0% N2 = 1.0% S = 3.0% Ash = 11%
Moisture = 4%. A stocker fired boiler of 195,000
kg/hr streaming capacity uses this coal as fuel.
Calculate volume of air in m3/hr with air at 60oF and
14.7 psia pressure if boiler efficiency is 70% and
FE = 1.10.

a. 234,019 m3/hr
b. 215,830 m3/hr
c. 213,830 m3/hr
d. 264,830 m3/hr
 23.5 kg of steam per second at 5 Mpa and 400 oC is produced
by a steam generator. The feedwater enters the economizer at
145 oC and leaves at
205 oC. The steam leaves the boiler drum with a quality of
98%. The unit consumes 3 kg of coal per second as received
having a heating value of
25,102 KJ/kg. What would be the overall efficiency of the unit
in percent? Steam properties:
At 5 Mpa and 400 oC : h = 3195.7 KJ/kg
At 5 Mpa: hf = 1154.23, hfg = 1640.1
At 205 oC : hf = 875.04 At 145 oC : hf = 610.63

a. 65. 72
b. 80. 67
c. 88.28
d. 78.82
In a Rankine cycle steam enters the turbines at 2.5
MPa (enthalpies and entropies given) and condenser
of 50 kPa (properties given), what is the thermal
efficiency of the cycle? At 2.5 Mpa : hg = 2803.1
KJ/kg Sg = 6.2575
At 50 kPa : Sf = 1.0910 Sfg = 6.5029
hf = 340.49 hfg = 2305.4 Vf = 0.0010300

a. 25. 55 %
b. 45. 23 %
c. 34. 23 %
d. 12. 34 %
A thermal power plant generates 5 MW and
the heat generated by fuel is 13, 000 KJ/sec. If
thermal efficiency is 36.15%, find the power
needed for the auxiliaries.

a. 310 kW
b. 300 kW
c. 400 kW
d. 350 kW
A superheat steam Rankine cycle has turbine inlet
conditions of 17.5 Mpa and 530 oC expands in a
turbine to 0.007 Mpa. The turbine and pump
polytropic efficiencies are 0.85 and 0.75 respectively,
pressure losses between pump and turbine inlet are
1.5 Mpa. What should be the pump work in KJ/kg?

a. 17. 34
b. 27. 32
c. 25. 32
d. 47. 33
In an open feedwater heater for a steam plant, saturated steam
at 7 bar is mixed with subcooled liquid at 7 bar and 25 oC. Just
enough steam is supplied to ensure that the mixed steam
leaving the heater will be saturated liquid at 7 bar when heater
efficiency is 95%. Calculate the mass flowrate of subcooled
liquid if steam flowrate is 0.865 kg/s.
Steam properties are: At 7 bar, saturated vapor: hg = 2763.5
KJ/kg
At 7 bar and 25

a. 2.725 kg/s
b. 3.356 kg/s
c. 2.869 kg/s
d. 3.948 kg/s
A steam condenser receives 10 kg / s of steam with an
enthalpy of 2770 kJ / kg. Steam condenses into a
liquid and leaves with an enthalpy of 160 kJ / kg.
Cooling water passes through the condenser with
temperature increases from 13˚C to 24˚C. Calculate
the water flow rate in kg / s.

A. 583
B. 567
C. 523
D. 528
Steam expands adiabatically in a turbine from
2000 kPa, 400˚C to 400 kPa, 250˚C. What is the
effectiveness of the process in percent assuming an
atmospheric pressure of 18˚C. Neglect changes in
kinetic and potencial energy. Steam properties are :
@ 2000 kPa and 400˚C: h = 3247.6 kJ / kg , s =
7.1271 kJ / kg-K @ 400 kPa and 250˚C : h = 2964.2
kJ / kg , s = 7.3789 kJ / kg-K

A. 82
B. 84
C. 79.60
D. 79.46
A heat exchanger was installed purposely to cool
0.50 kg of gas per second. Molecular weight is 32
and k = 1.32. The gas is cooled from 150˚C to 80˚C.
Water is available at the rate of 0.30 at the rate of
0.30 kg / s and at a temperature of 15˚C. Calculate
the exit temperature of the water in ˚C.

A. 44.86
B. 42.86
C. 46.45
D. 40.34
An impulse wheel at best produces 125 hp
under a head of 210 ft. By what percent
should the speed be increases for a 290 – ft
head?

a. 82.5%
b. 17.5%
c. 72.41%
d. 27.59%
Find the work posses for a helium gas at 20 deg
C?

a. 609 kJ/kg
b. 168 kJ/kg
c. 229 kJ/kg
d. 339 kJ/kg
What is the hydraulic gradient of a 1 mile,
17 inches inside diameter pipe when
3300/min of water flow with f = 0.03

a. 0.00714
b. 0.00614
c. 0.00234
d. 0.00187
Convert 750oR to oK.

a. 390.33oK
b. 395.33oK
c. 410.33oK
d. 416.33oK
Air is compressed adiabatically from 30oC to
100oC. If mass of air being compressed is 5 kg.
Find the change in entropy.

a. 1.039 kJ/kg
b. 0.746 kJ/kg
c. 0
d. 1.245 kJ/kg
An air standard engine has a compression ratio
of 18 and a cut – off ratio of 4. if the intake air
piressure and temperature are 100 kPa and
27oC, find the work in kJ per kg.

a. 2976
b. 2166
c. 1582
d. 2751
A diesel engine consumed 645 liters of fuel per
day at 35oC. If the fuel was purchased at
15.5oC and 30oAPI at P29.00/L, determine the
cost of fuel to operate the engine per day.

a. P5677.50
b. P4577.50
c. P46,088.90
d. P27,127.76
A cylindrical tank 4 m long and 3 m diameter is
used for oil storage. How many days can the
tank supply the engine having 27oAPI with fuel
consumption of 60 kg/hr

a. 17.53
b. 5.84
c. 12.84
d. 19.84
The dry exhaust gas from oil engine has the following
fravimetric analysis:
CO2 = 21.6% O2 = 4.2% N2 = 74.2%
Specific heats at constant pressure for each
component of the exhaust gas in kcal/kg-oC are
CO2 = 0.203O2 = 0.219 N2 = 0.248. calculate the
specific gravity if the molecular weight of air is 28.97
kg/kg-mol

a. 0.981
b. 1.244
c. 1.055
d. 0.542
A bituminous coal has the following
composition:
C = 71.5% H = 5.0% O = 7.0% N = 1.3%
S = 3% Ash = 7.6% W = 3.4%
Determine the theoretical weight of Nitrogen in
lb/lb of coal.

a. 2.870
b. 7.526
c. 2.274
d. 6.233
A gaseous fuel mixture has a molar analysis:
H2 = 14% CH4 = 3% CO = 27%
O2 = 0.6% CO2 = 4.5% N2 = 50.9%
Determine the air – fuel ratio for complete
combustion on molar basis.

a. 2.130
b. 3.230
c. 1.233
d. 1.130
A volumetric analysis of a gas mixture is as
follows:
CO2 = 12% O2 = 4% N2 = 82% CO = 4%
What is the percentage of CO2 on a mass basis?

a. 17.55%
b. 15.55%
c. 12.73%
d. 19.73%
A refrigeration plant is rated at 15 tons capacity.
Howz many pounds of air per hour will it cool
from 70 to 90oF at constant pressure.

a. 50,000 lb/hr
b. 37,500 lb/hr
c. 52,000 lb/hr
d. 45,000 lb/hr
Determine th air – standard efficiency of an engine
operating on the diesel cycle with clearance of 6%
when the suction pressure is 99.97 kPa and the fuel is
injected for 7% of the stroke. Assume k = 1.4

a. 62.11%
b. 51.20%
c. 73.58%
d. 60.02%
Steam at 2 Mpa and 250oC in a rigid cylinder is cooled
until the quality is 30%. Find the heat rejected from
the cylinder: at 2 Mpa and 250oC v = 0.11144 m3/kg u
= 2679.6 kJ/kg. At 2 Mpa (saturated,) vf = 0.0011767
m3/kg vg = 0.0011767 0.09963 m3/kg uf = 906.44 ug =
1693.8

a. -432.23 kJ/kg
b. -926.26 kJ/kg
c. -1265.02 kJ/kg
d. 1082.34 kJ/kg
Ammonia weighing 22 kg is confirmed inside a cylinder
equipped with a piston has an initial pressure of 413
kPa at 38o C. If 3200 kJ of heat is added to the
ammonia until its final pressure and temperature are
413 kPa at 100o C, respectively, what is then amount of
work done by the fluid in kJ?

a. 667
b. 304
c. 420
d. 502
A tank contains 90 ft3 of air at a pressure of 350 psig.
If the aire is cooled until its pressure and temperature
decreases to 200 psig and 70oF, what is the decrease in
internal energy?

a. 6232.09 BTU
b. -5552 BTU
c. 5552 BTU
d. -6232.09 BTU
A large mining company was provided with a 3 m3 of
compressed air tank. Air pressure in the tank drops
from 700 kPa to 150 kPa while the temperature
remains constant at 28oC. What percentage has the
mass of air in the tank been reduced?

a. 74.00
b. 72.45
c. 78.56
d. 78.57
A 4 m3/hr pump delivers water to a pressure tank. At
the start, the gage reads 138 kPa until it reads 276 kPa
and then the pump was shut off. The volume of the
tank is 180 liters. At 276 kPa the water occupied 2/3 of
the tank volume. Determine the volume of water that
can be taken out until the gage reads 138 kPa.

a. 31.20 liters
b. 34.59 liters
c. 16.67 liters
d. 29.50 liters
A 10-stages air compresses air from 100 kpa to 800
kpa .Find the intercooler pressure between the first
and second stage .

A. 282.84 kpa
B. 113.21 kpa
C. 123.11 kpa
D. 333.51 kpa
A 3 stages air compressor compresses air from 100
kpa to 700 kpa . Find the intercooler pressure between
the 2nd and 3rd stage .

A. 365.88 kpa
B. 375.88 kpa
C. 385.88 kpa
D. 395.88 kpa
Carnot cycle A, B, and C are connected in series so
that the heat rejected from A will be the heat added to
B and heat rejected from B will be added to C, each
cycle operates between 30˚C to 400˚C. If heat added
to A is 1000 kW, find the work output of C.

A. 111.44 kW
B. 549.78 kW
C. 247.53 kW
D. 141.69 kW
An otto cycle has a compression ratio of 8. Find
the pressure ratio during compression .

A. 18.38
B. 16.38
C. 14.38
D. 12.38
A diesel cycle has a cut off ratio of 2.5 and expansion
ratio of 4. Find the clearance of the cycle.

A. 9.11%
B. 5.55%
C. 11.11%
D. 15.15%
A dual cycle has an initial temperature of 30˚C. The
compression ratio is 6 and the heat addition , at
constant volume process is 600 kj/kg . If cut-off ratio
is 2.5, find the maximum temperature of the cycle .
A. 3638.59˚C
B. 3365.50˚C
C. 3565.50˚C
D. 3965.50˚C
A three stages air compressor air from 100 kpa to 1000
kpa . Find the intercooler pressure between the first
and second stage.

A. 505.44 kpa
B. 108.44 kpa
C. 316.23 kpa
D. 215.44 kpa
Find the pressure at the 100 fathom depth
of water in kPag.

A. 1,793.96 kPag
B. 1,893.96 kPag
C. 1,983.96 kPag
D. 1,693.96 kPag
Find the depth in furlong of the ocean(SG=
1.03) if the pressure at sea bed is 2032.56 kPag.

A. 1
B. 2
C. 3
D. 4
Find the mass of ten quartz of water.

A. 10.46
B. 9.46
C. 11.46
D. 8.46
Find the sum of carbon dioxide having a
pressure of 20 psia @ 200˚F with 10 ft3
volume.

A. 1.04 lbs
B. 1.14 lbs
C. 1.24 lbs
D. 1.34 lbs
Find the loss of head in the pipe entrance if
speed of flow is 10 m / s.

A. 5.10 m
B. 10.2 m
C. 17.4 m
D. 2.55 m
Wet material containing 220% moisture(dry basis) is
to be dried at the rate of 1.5 kg / s in a continuous
dryer to give a product containing 10%(dry basis).
Find the moisture removed in kg / hr.

A. 3543.75 kg / hr
B. 3513.75 kg / hr
C. 3563.75 kg / hr
D. 3563.75 kg / hr
Copra enters a dryer containing 70% moisture and
leaves at 7% moisture. Find the moisture removed
on each pound of solid in the final product.

A. 6.258 lb
B. 1.258 lb
C. 4.258 lb
D. 2.258 lb
A 1 m x 1.5 m cylindrical tank is full of oil with
SG = 0.92. Find the force acting at the bottom
of the tank in dynes.

A. 106.33 x 107 dynes

B. 106.33 x 104 dynes
C. 106.33 x 105 dynes
D. 106.33 x 106 dynes
A heat engine has a thermal efficiency of 50%. How
much power does the engine produces when when heat
is transferred at a rate of 109 kJ / hr.

A. 56 MW
B. 75 MW
C. 139 MW
D. 147 MW
One kilogram of air is compressed adiabatically and
in a steady flow manner. The compression efficiency
is 80% and the work done on the air is 268 kJ / kg.
Compute the heat.

A. 212 kJ / kg
B. 100 kJ / kg
C. 0 kJ / kg
D. 331.25 kJ / kg
Three hundred kilojoules of heat flow by conduction
from the outside to the inside of a cold storage in one
hour. If the temperature and all other conditions are
the same, what is the heat flowing through the cold
storage room in two hours.

A. 600 kJ
B. 900 kJ
C. 300 kJ
D. 1200 kJ
Fifty kilogram of cooling tower per second enter the
condenser 15˚C and leaves at 50˚C. Find the heat
carried away by water.

A. 5234.45 kW
B. 5233.45 kW
C. 2340.52 kW
D. 3140.25 kW
Ten kilograms per second of steam enters the turbine with an
enthalpy of 3200 kJ / kg and enters the condenser with an
enthalpy of 2500 kJ / kg in a Rankine cycle. If the turbine
efficiency is 80% and the generator efficiency is 90%,
determine the power plant output.

A. 4320 kW
B. 3213 kW
C. 4056 kW
D. 5040 kW
Determine the quality of steam in a vessel containing 2
kg of saturated vapor and 8 kg of saturated liquid.

A. 100%
B. 20%
C. 80%
D. 60%
About 3 Hp per ton is required to maintain a
temperature of – 40 deg. C in a refrigerator. If the
refrigerator works on the reversed Carnot cycle,
determine the heat rejected to the sink per ton of
refrigeration.

A. 69.72 kCal/min
B. 70.44 kCal/min
C. 81.61 kCal/min
D. 84.65 kCal/min
The heat pump has a performance factor of
8.0. If the heat pump is use as a refrigerator,
what is the required horsepower per ton of
refrigeration?

A. 0.942
B. 0.456
C. 0.765
D. 0.673
A refrigerator is rated at a USA one ton capacity.
It maintains a cooling temperature of 4.4 deg. C
( evaporator temperature ). A refrigerant with
refrigerant effect of 136 kJ/kg is in the
condenser just ahead of the expansion valve. If
the refrigerant vapor has a density of 19.80
kg/m³, what should be the capacity of the
compressor?

A. 0.078 m³ / min
B. 0.091 m³ / min
C. 0.102 m³ / min
D. 0.113 m³ / min
What should be the cooling requirement due to
emission of body to maintain a comfortable
temperature in a dance hall that had an attendance
of 1500 people if it has been determined that 75% of
the people will be dancing and others will be seated.
Test have shown that an adult will give off 71.8 W of
sensible heat while engaging in moderate dancing
and 57.1 W of sensible heat while sitting. The latent
heat emissions for similar situation have been found
to equal 177.3 W for dancers and 45.5 W for sitters.

A. 200 kW
B. 267 kW
C. 301 kW
D. 319 kW
A research laboratory building is to be heated and
ventilated. Air is to be supplied to a room 12 m by 18
m from the outside at the rate of 1 m3/min air
replacement for each square meter of floor space. The
design condition include 20 deg. C room temperature
and – 20 deg. C outside air temperature. In addition
the pressure in the room is to be maintained at a
positive pressure of 7 kPa, to ensure that there will be
no air leakage into the laboratory. How much heat
would be required to condition the air for this room.

A. 177.11 kW
B. 154.8 kW
C. 168.7 kW
D. 185.3 kW
Determine the mass of ice produced from
water per day for the following conditions:
water temperature 22 deg. C, tonnage of the
unit 150 tons, operating temperature 22 deg.
C and 28 deg. C, latent heat of ice 33o KJ/kg.

A. 107,498 kg
B. 120,465 kg
C. 134,112 kg
D. 140,362 kg
A refrigeration system produces 20
kg/hr of ice from water at 20 deg.
C. Find the tonnage of the unit.

A. 0.66
B. 0.55
C. 0.77
D. 0.88
A galvanized steel duct of 0.4 m diameter and
20 m long carries air at 20 deg. C and 1.013
bar. If the surface roughness for the duct is
0.15 mm, find the roughness factor.

A. 0.000475
B. 0.000365
C. 0.000375
D. 0.000485
A circular duct of 40 cm is selected to carry air
in an air-conditioned space at a velocity of 440
m/min. to keep the noise at desired level. If this
duct is replaced by a rectangular duct of aspect
ratio 1.5, find the size of the rectangular duct
for equal friction method when the velocity of
air in two ducts is same.

A. 45 cm x 30 cm
B. 40 cm x 25 cm
C. 50 cm x 35 cm
D. 30 cm x 15 cm
A rectangular duct section 35 cm x 50 cm
size carries 75 m³/min of air having
density of 1.15 kg/m³. Determine the
equivalent diameter of circular duct if the
quantity of air carried in both cases is the
same.

A. 0.26 m
B. 0.36 m
C. 0.46 m
D. 0.56 m
Air flows in a duct at pressure of 150 kPa
with a velocity of 200 m/s. The
temperature of the air is 310 K. Determine
the isentropic stagnation temperature.

A. 320
B. 332
C. 341
D. 361
An air conditioning engineer has given the
following data to be air conditioned: Room latent
heat gain 10,000 Btu/hr. outside condition 95 deg. F
DB and 75 deg. F WB. Inside condition 50 deg. F.
calculate the refrigeration tonnage required with
10% factor of safety.

A. 5.5
B. 3.5
C. 1.5
D. 6.5
Find the COP of the refrigerator whose
energy supply equals one-fourth the
amount of heat it extracts.

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 2
The cooling water leaves the condenser at
60 deg. C and leaves the cooling tower at
35 deg. C DB and 28 deg. C WB.
Determine the cooling tower efficiency.

A. 41.67
B. 80
C. 78
D. 53.33
A commercial air-conditioner is rated by
means of its EER or energy efficiency
ration. For a certain air conditioner with a
cooling capacity of 4 kW and requires 1000
W, approximate the EER of this unit.

A. 13.65
B. 12.80
C. 10.10
D. 11.11
An amount of air with DB temperature of 35
deg. C WB temperature of 28 deg. C is pass
through an air conditioner and exhaust at a DB
temperature of 24 deg. C and RH of 50%.
Cooling coil temperature is approximately 18
deg. C. determine the by-pass factor of the air
conditioning system.

A. 0.69
B. 0.43
C. 0.26
D. 0.35
For a certain drier, the feed has a
moist regain of 160 %. Determine
the percent moisture of the feed.

A. 60
B. 62.43
C. 61.54
D. 50
If the conditioned space receives 80,000
kg of air per hour and air supply
temperature rises by 1bout 10 deg. C
and air picks up latent heat of about
150 kW. Determine the sensible heat
factor of the system.

A. 0.597
B. 0.554
C. 0.612
D. 0.509
A window type air conditioner is rated with
compressor power of 1 hp. The unit has an
EER of 11.1. determine the maximum
cooling capacity of the unit in tons of
refrigeration.

A. 0.54
B. 0.63
C. 0.69
D. 0.51
 A windmill with a 6 m radius rotor is to be installed where
atmospheric pressure conditions prevail at 101.325 kPa
and 21⁰C. It was observed that wind is blowing steadily at
an average velocity of 20 m/s. Assuming that the
conversion efficiency is somewhere between 20% to 25%,
determine the maximum available power from the
windmill.

A. 124.78 kW
B. 135.81 kW
C. 167.25 kW
D. 225.78 kW
The suction pressure of a 4-stage compressor is 140
kPa. It compresses air at the rate of 15m^3/min,
clearance is about 8% and 200 rpm. The compressor
discharges compressed air at a pressure of 1000 kPa.
If the compressor uses inter cooling determine the
ideal pressure at the first stage intercooler.

A.228.87 kPa C.453.45 kPa

B.345.67 kPa D.345.45 kPa
A rectangular duct section 35cm x 50cm sizes
carries 75m^3/min of air having density of .
15kg/m3. If the friction factor of sheet metal is
0.01, find the pressure loss per 100 m length of
duct.

A.29 mm of H2O
B.36 mm of H2O
C.25 mm of H2O
D.35 mm of H2O
A 3 HP refrigerator or heat pump operates
between 0F and 1000 F. The maximum
theoretical heat that can be transferred
from the cold reservoir is nearest to:

A.7,600 BTU/hr
B. 13,000 BTU/hr
C. 23,000 BTU/hr
D. 35,000 BTU/hr
The Reynold’s number of a sphere falling
in air is 1x106. if the sphere’s radius is 1 ft,
what is its velocity? (ρ = 0.00234 slug/ft3,
μair = 3.8x10-7 lbf-sec/ft2)

A.2.5 ft/sec
B.5.1 ft/sec
C.40.6 ft/sec
D.81.2 ft/sec
Water substance at 70 bar and 65oC enters a boiler tube
of constant inside diameter of 25mm. The water leaves
the boiler tube at 50 bar and 700oK at velocity of 150 m/s.
Calculate the inlet velocity (m/sec).
From steam tables:

At 70 bar (7Mpa) and 65oC: v1 = 0.001017 m3/kg

At 50 bar (5Mpa) and 700oK(427oC):
v2 = 0.06081 m3/kg

A. 1.56
B. 2.51
C. 1.672
D. 3.230
 Calculate the thermal diffusivity of pure
aluminum with density of 2702 kg/m3 ,
thermal conductivity of 237 W/m . K and Cp of
0.903 KJ/kg.K

A. 97.1x10 -6 m2/s
B.23.25x10 -6 m2/s
C.14.9x10 -6 m2/s
D.34.5x10 -6 m2/s
what is the absolute freezing temperature of
water in degrees N, Given that the freezing
temperature is 100 degrees N and boiling
point of 500 degrees N

A.-992.61 degrees N
B.-932.7 degrees N
C.-995.6 degrees N
D.-932.4 degrees N
The annual peak load on 15,000 kW Power Plant is
10,500kW, Two substation are supplied by this plant
an energy dispatched through substation A is
27,500,000 kW-Hr with a peak load at 8900 kW,
16,500,00 kW-Hr are sent through substation B with a
peak load at 6650 kW, neglecting line losses. Find the
diversity factor between substation and capacity
factor of power plant.

A. 2.32 ; 53.6%
B. 1.23 ; 65.3%
C. 1.48 ; 33.48%
D. 1.35 ; 75.46%
A vertical bulkhead 9.6m wide and 6m deep
separating two tanks, One tank contains oil or
relative density of 0.8 to a depth of 4.2m find
the total load on the bulkhead in mm

A. 1.472mm
B. 2.013mm
C. 1.168mm
D. 2.347mm
The 600kg hammer of a pile os lifted 2m. If it is
to be dropped, what will be the velocity?

A. 6.21m/s
B. 3.25m/s
C. 1.7m/s
D. 4.5m/s
Air is used in a carnot engine where the volume
at the beginning of the constant temperature
heat addition is 0.456 cm2 and end of constant
temperature heat addition is 6.73 cm2.
respectively. Calculate the thermal efficiency.

A. 0.667
B. 0.656
C. 0.786
D. 0.765
What is the lifting force in KN for a 10m
diameter spherical balloon with helium inside at
101Kpa and 320K surrounded by air at 101Kpa
and 298.15K?

A. 17.38 KN
B. 5.28 KN
C. 18.73 KN
D. 8.25 KN
The condenser of a reheat powerplant rejects
heat at the rate of 600KW. The mass flow rate of
cooling water is 5kg/s and the inlet cooling
water temperature is 35C. Calculate the
condenser cooling water exit temperature?

A. 43.45C
B. 53.45C
C. 63.66C
D. 54.34C
The filament of a 100W bulb maybe considered
a blackbody radiating into a black enclosure at
80C. Considering only radiation, calculate the
filament temperature in C, if the filament
diameter is 0.10mm and the length is 6cm.

A. 3109.97C
B. 2837C
C. 3245.45C
D. 2313.5C
A 1kg steel (C=0.5 Kj/kg-k) rivet cools from 800K
to 300K upon being installed in a riveted
structure. The entropy change in KJ/kg of this
rivet is.

A. -0.245
B. -0.49
C. -0.631
D. -0.546
6 stage centrifugal pump delivers 1600 gpm of
water against a net pressure rise of 800 lb/in2.
What is the specific speed if it rotates a t
1750rpm?

A. 248.50
B. 952.82
C. 1020
D. 546.23
If the specific heat of P=C, for carbon dioxide is
0.201 BTU/lb-R. What is the value of the specific
heat at V=C?

A. 0.156 BTU/lb-R
B. 0.356 BTU/lb-R
C. 0.435 BTU/lb-R
D. 0.435 BTU/lb-R
An amount of 4000 BTU of heat is transfer from
a reservoir at 800F to a reservoir at 200F, find
the change in S of the system.

A. 2.89
B. 3.24
C. 1.34
D. 3.21
A potential waterfall for hydro-electric
powerplant has water available at rate of
160m3/s, find the number of francis turbine
required if it runs 120 rpm and specific speed of
350rpm and 80% hydraulic efficiency.

A. 2
B. 3
C. 4
D. 6
Calculate the scale ratio of the model turbine if
the prototype of model speed and head ratio is
0.675 and 12 respectively.

A. 5.54
B. 5.13
C. 5.82
D. 5.32
A pelton wheel running at a speed of 600rpm is
driven by 2 similar jets. At this speed it transmits
600KW to the shaft. The shaft efficiency of the
runner is 90% and velocity of fluid at inlet to the
bucket is 50m/s. Estimate the diameter of each
jet.

A. 0.0165
B. 0.0435
C. 0.0143
D. 0.0123
Calculate the available pressure head for natural
circulation in the 10m riser if the specific volume
of the downcomer is 0.0014 and in the riser top
is 0.0032 m3/kg.

A. 19.71
B. 12.45
C. 21.45
D. 15.74
A steam generator operating 92% efficiency
release water at 15.6C wgile steam leaves the
superheater at h=3374.8 KJ/kg, estimate the
evaporating factor if the boiler consumes coal of
calorific value of 24,800 Kj/kg.

A. 6.81
B. 6.72
C. 8.21
D. 7.21
Calculate the circulation ratio in the downcomer
riser circuit when the mass of saturated water
flowing through is 10 kg/s, while at the riser exit
saturated liquid flows at 8.5 kg/s.

A. 1.18
B. 6.67
C. 5.9
D. 0.85
If 2 phase flow in a riser has volume quality and
moisture of 0.60 and 90%. IF the ratio of specific
volume of vapor to that of the liquid is 20,
estimate slip ratio.

A. 1.48
B. 1.67
C. 1.74
D. 1.32
What is the overall-efficiency of 30MW steam
power plant with boiler efficiency of 92%;
effeciency of the cycle=44%; mechanical loss of
5%, generator efficiency of 93% and gross power
production of 32,000KW.

A. 33.98%
B. 36.88%
C. 35.44%
D. 38.84%
The downcomer riser circuit receives saturated
water at rate of 10.5 kg/s from the boiler., IF the
circulation ratio is 11.5, what us the top dryness
fraction?

A. 0.095
B. 0.087
C. 0.081
D. 0.913
A rectangular duct 0.15m x 0.12cm long and
carries standard air at the rate if 0.3 m3/s,
calculate the total pressure at the inlet to the
duct in order to maintain this flow. Assume that
for the duct, the friction factor is 0.005.

A. 567.58 N/m2
B. 671.85 N/m2
C. 851.67 N/m2
D. 716.58N/m2
A reverse carnot cycle air conditioner of 4 TR
capacity operates with a cooling coil of
temperature of 5C. The surrounding air at 45C used
as cooling medium rising to the temperature of
55C. The temperature of Qr is 60C. Determine the
mass flow rate of air entering the heat exchanger.

A. 0.07 kg/s
B. 0.12 kg/s
C. 0.16 kg/s
D. 0.04 kg/s
A reverse canot cycle air refrigeration
equipment has a compressor working by a
compression ratio of 12. The temperature limits
of the cycle are 300K and 270K. Determine the
refrigerating effect of the units.

A. 2.45 TR
B. 1.86 TR
C. 2.06 TR
D. 1.26 TR
A refrigeration system produces 20 kg/hr of ice
from water of 20C. Find the tonnage of the unit.

A. 0.66
B. 0.55
C. 0.77
D. 0.88
About 3 Hp per ton is required to maintain a
temperature of – 40 deg. C in a refrigerator. If the
refrigerator works on the reversed Carnot cycle,
determine the heat rejected to the sink per ton of
refrigeration.

A. 69.72 kCal/min
B. 70.44 kCal/min
C. 81.61 kCal/min
D. 84.65 kCal/min
Determine the mass of ice produced from
water per day for the following conditions:
water temperature 22 deg. C, tonnage of the
unit 150 tons, operating temperature 22 deg.
C and 28 deg. C, latent heat of ice 33o KJ/kg.

A. 107,498 kg
B. 120,465 kg
C. 134,112 kg
D. 140,362 kg
A cold storage required to stor 20 tons of fish. The fish is
supplied at a temperature of 30C. The specific heat of
fish above freezing poitn is 2.93 Kj./kg K. The specific
heat of fish below freezinf point is 1.26 Kj/kg-K. The
fish is stored in cold storage that is maintained at -8C.
The freezing point of fish is -4C. The latent heat of
solidification of the fish is 235 Kj/kg. If the plant
requires 75 KW to drive it, find the time taken to
achieve cooling. Assume the actual COP as 0.3 times
the carnot COP of refrigeration.

A. 14.72 hrs
B. 9.64 hrs
C. 10.41 hrs
D. 12.03 hrs
A refrigeration system produces 20 kg/hr of ice
from water of 20C. Find the tonnage of the unit.

A. 0.66
B. 0.55
C. 0.77
D. 0.88
A cylinder 10 feet long and 2 feet in diameter is
suspended in air flowing at 8 ft/s density of air is
0.00234 slug/ft3 and coefficient of drag of the
sphere is 1.3. What is the drag on the cylinder?

A. 0.39 lbf
B. 1.95 lbf
C. 4.99 lbf
D. 0.311 lbf
Three liquids of specific gravities 0.7, 0.8 and 0.9
respectively are mixed in the proportion of 3.4
and 5 by mass. Find the relative density of the
mixture.

A. 0.81
B. 0.62
C. 0.73
D. 0.92
Fresh water flows through a short smooth
horizontal pipe of tapered bore. At the large end
the velocity of 1.5 m/s. At the small end the
pressure is 14 KN/m2. Calculate the velocity at
this end.

A. 4.4 m/s
B. 5.5 m/s
C. 6.6 m/s
D. 3.3 m/s
A horizontal jet fresh water 40m diameter
impinges on a stationary flat plate moving which is
perpendicular to the jet, and direct force to
prevent the plate moving is measured to be 225N.
Assuming that there is no splash back of water,
find the initial velocity of the jet.

A. 13.39 m/s
B. 12.42 m/s
C. 16.21 m/s
D. 14.34 m/s
The sun generates an average of 2 KW/m2 when
tapped as source of energy where in flat plate
collector with an area of 1.5 m2 is used. Flow rate
of water inside the collector is 40 L/hr. Calculate
for the temperature rise of thw working fluid in C.

A. 65.14C
B. 60.15C
C. 55.14C
D. 50.15C
A circular chip (k=150 W/m-K) with a diameter 10mm
and thickness 4mm is embedded in a circuit board. It’s
front surface is exposed to the flow of coolant (h=250
W/m^2-K) with temperature of 10C, while its side and
black surfaces are perfectly insulated. If at any point in
the chip the temperature must exceed 90C, what is the
steady state heat dissipation of the chip?

A. 2.86 W
B. 1.56 W
C. 2.01 W
D. 1.74 W
Determine the net cycle heat rate of a steam
Power Plant with a gross cycle heat rate of 75%
and ratio of turbine output to net cycle work
output is 1.11

Ans. 83.25%
An engine operates on a carnot cycle between
the temperature of 500C and 30C produces 50KJ
of work. What changes in entropy occurs during
the heat rejection portion of the cycle?

Ans. 106.4 KJ
A pelton wheel running at speed of 400 rpm is
driven by water power of 5000 KW, the elevation
is 150 meters and coefficient of velocity is 0.97.
Find the number of jets required if diameter is
limited at 0.15 meters.

A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
An elastic sphere containing gas at 120 Kpa has a
diameter of 1m. Heating the sphere causes it to
expand to a diameter of 1.4 m. During the process the
pressure causes it to expand to a diameter of 1.4 m.
During the process the pressure is proportional to the
sphere diameter. Calculate the work done by the gas.

A. 143.91 KJ
B. 200.7 KJ
C. 154.5 KJ
D. 133.91 KJ