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    Fisiologi Sekresi Asam Lambung

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    aminullahginanjar_87
    The document summarizes how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl). It notes that the stomach produces 2.5 L of HCl per day, which is secreted by parietal cells in the gastric glands in exchange for potassium and chloride ions. HCl secretion is stimulated by histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells and gastrin from G cells, and inhibited by somatostatin from D cells. Acetylcholine and gastrin stimulate HCl production while prostaglandins inhibit it. Sphincters prevent acid from damaging other organs.

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    Fisiologi Sekresi Asam Lambung

    Uploaded by

    aminullahginanjar_87
    77 views6 pages
    The document summarizes how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl). It notes that the stomach produces 2.5 L of HCl per day, which is secreted by parietal cells in the gastric glands in exchange for potassium and chloride ions. HCl secretion is stimulated by histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells and gastrin from G cells, and inhibited by somatostatin from D cells. Acetylcholine and gastrin stimulate HCl production while prostaglandins inhibit it. Sphincters prevent acid from damaging other organs.

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    The document summarizes how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl). It notes that the stomach produces 2.5 L of HCl per day, which is secreted by parietal cells in the gastric glands in exchange for potassium and chloride ions. HCl secretion is stimulated by histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells and gastrin from G cells, and inhibited by somatostatin from D cells. Acetylcholine and gastrin stimulate HCl production while prostaglandins inhibit it. Sphincters prevent acid from damaging other organs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    77 views6 pages

    Fisiologi Sekresi Asam Lambung

    Uploaded by

    aminullahginanjar_87
    The document summarizes how the stomach produces hydrochloric acid (HCl). It notes that the stomach produces 2.5 L of HCl per day, which is secreted by parietal cells in the gastric glands in exchange for potassium and chloride ions. HCl secretion is stimulated by histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells and gastrin from G cells, and inhibited by somatostatin from D cells. Acetylcholine and gastrin stimulate HCl production while prostaglandins inhibit it. Sphincters prevent acid from damaging other organs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 6

    • Memproduksi 2.

    5 L asam lambung per hari


    • Lumen lambung sangat asam dengan pH 1-2
    • Oesophageal sphincter: barrier between acidic
    stomach and the esophagus  to prevent the
    acid from going back towards the esophagus
    • Pyloric Sphincter: barrier between the acidic
    stomach and the duodenum  we would not
    want acid from the stomach go into the
    duodenum or the esophagus
    Where does the HCl comes from?
    • The stomach have Crypts where there
    are different stomach cells
    • enterochromaffin cell secretes histamine
     promotes HCl secretion by the
    parietal cells
    • G cell (endocrine cell) secretes gastrin 
    promote HCl by the parietal cell
    • Another endocrine cells, L and D cell
    • D cell secretes somatostatin  inhibits
    HCl secretion by inhibiting G cells from
    releasing gastrin, by inhibiting the
    parietal cell from secreting HCl, by
    inhibiting ECL to secrete histamine
    • Mucus cell produce mucus  helps protect the
    stomach from bacterial infection as the acidic
    environtment of the stomach
    • Chief cells secrete pepsinogen  necessary for
    protein digestion
    • Parietal cells

    How HCl is secreted and how it’s regulated?


    Mucus H+ K+ K+ Cl-
    cell P
    Parietal ce
    ll G cell D cell

    H2 receptors gastrin receptors

    Stimulate the
    secretion of
    HCl
    ECL

    gastrin receptors rin


    Gast

    • Secreting hydrogen ionic state in exchange for potassium ion, then it will secrete this potassium iron again
    together with chloride ion  will secrete the potassium iron again together with chloride ion
    • ECL secretes histamine which bind onto H2 receptors
    • G-cells will secrete gastrin into the bloodstream  will bind onto gastrin receptor on ECL  stimulate
    histamine realease  stimulate HCl secretion by parietal cell
    Parasympathetic
    nerves AA
    Mucus H+ K+ K+ Cl-
    cell P
    PGE2
    Parietal ce
    PGI2 ll G cell D cell

    H2 receptors gastrin receptors

    muscarinic receptors Stimulate the


    secretion of
    Ach HCl
    ECL tosta
    tin
    Soma

    gastrin receptors in
    Gastr

    • Acetylcholine will bind onto muscarinic receptors on both parietal cells and ECL  promote HCl secretion
    • The cells and mechanism that inhibit HCl secretion  somatostatin (secreted by the D cells) by inhibiting G cells from releasing
    gastrin, by inhibiting the parietal cell from secreting HCl, by inhibiting ECL to secrete histamine
    • Inflammatory mediators such as PGE2 and PGI2 derived from arachidonic acid  inhibits HCl secretion
    • Arachidonic acid through the enzyme Cox can synthesize PGE2 and PGI2 which binds to prostaglandin receptors  inhibits HCl
    secretion by the parietal cells
    • PGE2 and PGI2 also binds to mucus cells to secrete mucus and biocarbonate  important subtances that have a negative effect
    on HCl  neutralize the acid to prevents the acid from damaging the stomach itself

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