Petrofac Academy

HART
HART Communication
HART Protocol Communication in
Smart Instrumentation System

The HART Communication Protocol

(HART = Highway Addressable Remote Transducer);
•A bi-directional field communication protocol standard for instrument, control and
automation systems.
•It's the global standard for sending and receiving digital information across analog
wires between smart devices and host systems.
•A host can be any software application from technician's hand-held device or
laptop to a plant's process control, asset management, safety or other system
using any control platform.

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HART History

History of the HART Protocol

 The HART Protocol was developed in the mid-1980s by Rosemount Inc. for use
with a range of smart measuring instruments.

 Originally proprietary, the protocol was soon published for free use by anyone,
and in 1990 the HART User Group was formed.

 In 1993, the registered trademark and all rights in the protocol were transferred
to the HART Communication Foundation (HCF).

 The protocol remains open and free for all to use without royalties.

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HART Working

HART technology is a master/slave protocol,

which means that a smart field (slave) device
How HART Works
only speaks when spoken to by a master. The
“HART” is an acronym for Highway Addressable HARTRemote
ProtocolTransducer.
can be usedThe HART modes
in various Protocol
makes use of the Bell 202 Frequency Shift such Keying
as (FSK) standard
point-to-point or to superimpose
multidrop for digital
communication signals at a low level on top ofcommunicating
the 4-20mA. information to/from smart field
instruments and central control or monitoring
systems.

HART Communication occurs between two HART-enabled

devices, typically a smart field device and a control or
monitoring system. Communication occurs using standard
instrumentation grade wire and using standard wiring and
termination practices.
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HART Architectures

IO Device Configuration:
The HART Protocol provides for up to two masters
(primary and secondary). This allows secondary
IO Device Configuration:
masters such as handheld communicators to be used
The digital signal contains information fromwithout
the device including
interfering device status,to/from
with communications diagnostics,
the
additional measured or calculated values, primary master, i.e.
etc. Together, thecontrol/monitoring
two communicationsystem.channels
provide
Point to a low-cost and very robust complete field communication solution that is easy to use
Point:
and
Theconfigure.
HART Protocol permits all digital
communication with field devices in either point-
to-point or multidrop network configurations:
Multidrop: There is also an optional "burst"
communication mode where a single slave
device can continuously broadcast a
standard HART reply message. Higher
update rates are possible with this optional
burst communication mode and use is
normally restricted to point-to-point
configuration. 5
HART Capacility

HART technology is easy to use and very reliable when used for commissioning
and calibration of smart devices as well as for continuous online diagnostics.
 There are several reasons to have a host communicate with smart devices.
These include:
 Device Configuration or re-configuration
 Device Diagnostics
 Device Troubleshooting
 Reading the additional measurement values provided by the device
 Device Health and Status
Much more:
There are many benefits of using HART technology, and more users are reporting
benefits in their projects on a continual basis.

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HART Benefits
HART technology can help:
 Leverage the capabilities of a full set of intelligent device data.
 Gain early warnings to variances in device.
 Speed the troubleshooting time.
 Continuously validate the integrity of loops.
 Increase asset productivity and system availability.
Increase Plant Availability
 Integrate devices and systems for previously undetectable problems.
 Detect device and/or process connection problems real time.
 Minimize the impact of deviations, early warnings.
 Avoid the high cost of unscheduled shutdowns or process disruptions.
Reduce Maintenance Costs
 Quickly verify and validate configuration.
 Use remote diagnostics.
 Capture performance trend data for predictive maintenance.
 Reduce spares inventory and device management costs.
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HART Benefits

Improve regulatory compliance

 Enable automated record.
 Automated safety shutdown testing.
 Improve SIL/safety integrity level.

 The standard features of HART technology :

• Compatibility with standard 4-20mA wiring
• Simultaneous transmission of digital data
• Intuitive menu-driven interfaces
• Risk reduction through a highly accurate and robust protocol
• Ease of implementation
• Broad product selection
• Platform for independent interoperability

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HART Command Summary:

Universal Commands Common Practice Commands Device-Specific Commands

(example)

• Read manufacturer and • Read selection of up to four • Read or write low-flow cut-off
device type dynamic variables • Start, stop, or clear totalizer
• Read primary variable (PV) • Write damping time constant • Read or write density calibration
and units • Write device range values factor
• Read current output and • Calibrate (set zero, set span) • Choose PV (mass, flow, or density)
percent of range • Set fixed output current • Read or write materials or
• Read up to four predefined • Perform self-test construction information
dynamic variables • Perform master reset • Trim sensor calibration
• Read or write eight-character • Trim PV zero • PID enable
tag, 16-character descriptor, • Write PV unit • Write PID setpoint
date • Trim DAC zero and gain • Valve characterization
• Read or write 32-character • Write transfer function (square • Valve setpoint
message root/linear) • Travel limits
• Read device range values, • Write sensor serial number • User units
units, and damping time • Read or write dynamic variable • Local display information
constant assignments
• Read or write final assembly
number
• Write polling address

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 HART Product Selection:
For HART Products selection, buyers need to know what to consider in order to pick a product
that would suit their needs the best..

Following mentioned some things to know;

• Devices are registered at the HART Communication Foundation
• Device Descriptions (DD) are registered at the Foundation
• Suppliers are Members of the HART Communication Foundation

This is the way to assure the;

• Interoperability with other HART-enabled devices and systems
• Getting a device that will provide the powerful features of HART technology
• Specifying a product that will fully integrate into your HART-enabled applications

For a list of registered devices, visit the Product Catalog or contact your device or control system
supplier.

This mark insures that the device is a registered HART device or not.
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HART Product Selection Checklist:
Points to be checked with device suppliers:
• What variables does device measure?
• What maintenance information is available?
• What unique or special features does device support?

Points to be checked for I/O suppliers:

• Is remote HART access built into the controller or stand-alone application - multiplexer?
• Is the HART I/O refresh rate suitable for control applications?  
• Can we apply tags to HART multivariable data? 
• What features does it have to simplify calibration? 
• Does the I/O support multi-drop?

Points to be checked for control system suppliers:

• Does host use a “native” DD or does it require a different file type?
• Is support for the full range of HART capabilities built into the system?
• Does the HART information land in the controller, or does it just pass through? 
• Does the system support asset conditioning monitoring? 
• How is additional HART information presented to support teams? 
• How does it perform tests when there is an error in the device? 11
Wiring HART Devices
In general, the installation practice for wired HART devices is the same as for conventional 4-
20mA instrumentation. Guidelines for a wired HART installation involve:
HART Installation:
 Using shielded twisted pair cabling with the proper conductor size
 Grounding at one point only
 Ensuring a properly specified power supply
 Staying below the maximum allowable cable length which depends upon the cable
capacitance and the number of network devices.

Typical Wiring Connection using a HART Field Device, a PC with a PC-based Application
and a Handheld Terminal. Also shown is a required HART Interface or Modem - either RS232 or USB version.

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 HART Suppliers
Worldwide support by leading suppliers
Most of the world’s leading process instrumentation and control system suppliers, comprising most of the
industry’s solutions, actively support HART technology.
There are 990+ registered devices in 20 device categories manufactured by 230+ members of the HART
Communication Foundation.
Types of HART-enabled Devices    
Device Category No. of Companies No. of Devices
Actuator 2 9
Analytical 29 152
Calibrator 4 6
Control 3 6
DCS 4 4
Density 5 5
Development Services & Tools 8 25
Flow 24 159
Handheld 8 9
I/O System 11 32
IS Barrier 7 25
Isolators (IS) 5 46
Level 34 153
Modem 8 15
Modem IC (chips) 1 3
Loop monitor 3 6
Multiplexer / Gateway 7 7
Positioners - Valve 16 47
Pressure Transmitters 37 110
Software 14 25
Total 238 990
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