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    Permeability: Civil Engineering Department Soil

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    Mark
    The document discusses soil permeability and hydraulic conductivity. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] Darcy's law states that flow velocity through soil is proportional to the hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity. [3] Hydraulic conductivity depends on factors like fluid viscosity, pore size distribution, grain size, void ratio, and saturation, and it can be measured through constant head tests or falling head tests in a lab.

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    Permeability: Civil Engineering Department Soil

    Uploaded by

    Mark
    68 views34 pages
    The document discusses soil permeability and hydraulic conductivity. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] Darcy's law states that flow velocity through soil is proportional to the hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity. [3] Hydraulic conductivity depends on factors like fluid viscosity, pore size distribution, grain size, void ratio, and saturation, and it can be measured through constant head tests or falling head tests in a lab.

    Original Title

    Lecture_8_-_Permeability

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    The document discusses soil permeability and hydraulic conductivity. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] Darcy's law states that flow velocity through soil is proportional to the hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity. [3] Hydraulic conductivity depends on factors like fluid viscosity, pore size distribution, grain size, void ratio, and saturation, and it can be measured through constant head tests or falling head tests in a lab.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    68 views34 pages

    Permeability: Civil Engineering Department Soil

    Uploaded by

    Mark
    The document discusses soil permeability and hydraulic conductivity. [1] Permeability is the ability of soil to allow water to flow through its pores or voids. [2] Darcy's law states that flow velocity through soil is proportional to the hydraulic gradient and hydraulic conductivity. [3] Hydraulic conductivity depends on factors like fluid viscosity, pore size distribution, grain size, void ratio, and saturation, and it can be measured through constant head tests or falling head tests in a lab.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 34

    Civil Engineering Department

    Soil Mechanics

    Permeability
    Soil Properties

    Physical Properties Mechanical Properties

    Gradation and Structure


    Bearing Capacity

    Soil-Water Relationships

    Compressibility
    Atterberg’s Limits

    Shear Strength
    Soil Compaction

    Permeability
    Definition

    Permeability is the measure of the soil’s


    ability to permit water to flow through its
    pores or voids
    Applications

    • Rate of settlement under load


    • Dams
    • Stability of slopes
    • Filters
    Bernoulli’s equation
    2
    P v
    h   Z
    γ 2g
    Elevation
    Total Dynamic Head
    Head Head
    Pressure h: total head
    Head P: water pressure
    γ: unit weight of water
    v: velocity of water
    g: gravity acceleration
    Z: elevation head
    Bernoulli’s equation

    The seepage flow velocity in soil is very small.

    Therefore, the dynamic head (velocity head) can be neglected.

    So that the total head at any points is:

    P
    h Z
    γ
    Hydraulic Gradient

    h
    i
    L
    Hydraulic Gradient Vs. Velocity

    In most soil flow is laminar

    vi
    Darcy’s Law
    vi

    v -k i
    Negative sign refers to the Hydraulic Conductivity
    hydraulic gradient that is
    negative.
    (i.e. total head decreases
    in the direction of flow)
    Flow Rate

    Darcy’s Velocity L

    v  -k i q
    Flow Rate A

    q -k iA
    Seepage Velocity (True Velocity)

    v
    vs 
    n
    Hydraulic Conductivity

    Typical Values for Hydraulic Conductivity

    Soil cm/s
    Hydraulic Conductivity

    Hydraulic conductivity of soils depends


    on several factors:
    • Fluid viscosity
    • Pore size distribution
    • Grain size distribution
    • Void ratio
    • Degree of soil saturation
    Hydraulic Conductivity

    γw
    k K
    η
    γw = Unit weight of water
    η = Viscosity of water
    K = Absolute permeability (L2)
    Hydraulic Conductivity with
    Temp.
    Determination of Hydraulic
    Conductivity in the Lab
    Constant Head Test Falling Head Test
    Constant Head Test

    V qt
    V  vA t
    V -k iA t
    h
    V -k A t
    L
    L
    k  V
    Ath
    Falling Head Test
    Empirical relations for k, granular
    soils
    Empirical relation for k, cohesive
    soil

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