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    Analytic Geometry: Qee Review 2015

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    kangkong
    This document defines and explains various concepts in analytic geometry including directed lines, rectangular coordinates, distance between points, slope and inclination of lines, parallel and perpendicular lines, linear equations in different forms (point-slope, two-point, slope-intercept, intercept), exercises on finding distances and equations of lines, division of line segments, area, conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas, and example word problems involving these concepts.

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    Analytic Geometry: Qee Review 2015

    Uploaded by

    kangkong
    187 views45 pages
    This document defines and explains various concepts in analytic geometry including directed lines, rectangular coordinates, distance between points, slope and inclination of lines, parallel and perpendicular lines, linear equations in different forms (point-slope, two-point, slope-intercept, intercept), exercises on finding distances and equations of lines, division of line segments, area, conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas, and example word problems involving these concepts.

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    ANALYTIC-GEOMETRY.QEE

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    This document defines and explains various concepts in analytic geometry including directed lines, rectangular coordinates, distance between points, slope and inclination of lines, parallel and perpendicular lines, linear equations in different forms (point-slope, two-point, slope-intercept, intercept), exercises on finding distances and equations of lines, division of line segments, area, conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas, and example word problems involving these concepts.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    187 views45 pages

    Analytic Geometry: Qee Review 2015

    Uploaded by

    kangkong
    This document defines and explains various concepts in analytic geometry including directed lines, rectangular coordinates, distance between points, slope and inclination of lines, parallel and perpendicular lines, linear equations in different forms (point-slope, two-point, slope-intercept, intercept), exercises on finding distances and equations of lines, division of line segments, area, conic sections including circles, parabolas, ellipses, and hyperbolas, and example word problems involving these concepts.

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    of 45

    ANALYTIC GEOMETRY

    QEE REVIEW 2015


    DEFINITION

    Directed Line – a line in which one direction is chosen


    as positive and the opposite direction as negative.

    Directed Line Segment – consisting of any two


    points and the part between them.

    Directed Distance – the distance between two points


    either positive or negative depending upon the
    direction of the line.
    RECTANGULAR COORDINATES

    A pair of number (x, y) in which x is the first and y


    being the second number is called an ordered pair.

    A vertical line and a horizontal line meeting at an


    origin, O, are drawn which determines the
    coordinate axes.
    y

    o x

    Coordinate Plane – is a plane determined by the


    coordinate axes.
    • x – axis – is usually drawn horizontally and is
    called as the horizontal axis.
    y – axis – is drawn vertically and is called as
    the vertical axis.
    o – the origin
    coordinate – a number corresponds to a point
    in the axis, which is defined in terms of the
    perpendicular distance from the axes to the
    point.
    DISTANCE BETWEEN TWO POINTS
    INCLINATION AND SLOPE OF A LINE
    PARALLEL AND
    PERPENDICULAR LINES
    If two lines are parallel their
    slope are equal. If two lines are
    perpendicular the slope of one of the
    line is the negative reciprocal of the
    slope of the other line.
    If m1 is the slope of L1 and m2 is
    the slope of L2 then, or
    m1m2 = -1.
    y y

    x
    LINEAR EQUATION
    LINES

    A. POINT-SLOPE FORM:
    If the line passes through the point (x1, y1), then the
    y  y1
    slope of the line is m 
    x  x1 . Rewriting the equation we
    have y  y1  m x  x1  which is the standard equation of
    the point-slope form.
    The equation of the line through a
    given point P1 (x1, y1) whose slope is
    m. y m
    U sin g slope formula,

    m
    y - y1
    and multiplying 
    x - x1 P1  x1 , y1 
    both sides by  x - x1  will
    give us m x - x1   y - y1
    x
    or y - y1  m x - x1  which
    is known as the point - 
    P x , y 
    slope form.
    EXAMPLE:
    Find the general equation of the line:
    a.through (2,-7) with slope of 2/5

    B. TWO-POINT FORM:
    If the line passes through the points (x1, y1) and
    y2  y1
    (x2, y2), then the slope of the line is m
    x2  x1 .
    Substituting
     y2  yit in the point-slope formula, we have
    y  y1   1
     x  x1 
     x2  x1  which the standard equation of
    the two-point form.
    The equation of the line through points
    P1 (x1, y1) and P2 (x2, y2)
    y m
    y2  y1
    Using the slope m 
    x2  x1 
    and substituting it to the point - P1  x1 , y1 
    slope form will give us P x , y 
     y2  y1 
    y - y1    x  x1  x
     x2  x1 
    which is known as the 
    P2  x2 , y2 
    two - point form.
    EXAMPLE:
    Find the general equation of the line:
    a.passing through (4,-5) and (-6, 3)

    C. SLOPE-INTERCEPT FORM:
    Consider a line not parallel to either axes of the
    coordinate axes. Let the slope of the line be m and
    intersecting the y-axis at point (0, b), then the slope
    y b
    m 
    of the line is . Rewriting the equation, we
    x 0
    have
    y  mx b
    which is the standard equation of the slope-
    intercept form.
    The equation of the line having the
    slope, m, and y-intercept (0, b)
    y m

    U sin g slope formula,


    y-b
    m and multiplying
    x -0   0 ,b 
    both sides by  x  will
    give us mx  y - b and x
    therefore y  mx  b  P x , y 
    which is known as the
    slope - intercept form.
    EXAMPLE:
    a.Find the general equation of the line with slope 3 and
    y-intercept of 2/3.

    D. INTERCEPT FORM:
    Let the intercepts of the line be the points (a, 0)
    b
    and (0, b). Then the slope of the line m   and its
    b a
    equation is y  b    x  0  . Simplifying the equation
    x y a
    we have   1 which is the standard equation of
    a b
    the intercept form.
    EXAMPLE:
    Find the general equation of the line:
    a.with x-intercept of 2 and y-intercept of -3/4
    b.with x-intercept of 5 and y-intercept of 7
    c. with x-intercept of 3/5 and y interceptof 3/7
    The equation of the line whose x and y
    intercepts are (a, 0) and (0, b) respectively.
    y
    U sin g point - slope formula,
    b
    y - b  -  x  0  and multiplying
    a   0 ,b 
    m
    both sides by  a  will give us
     P x , y 
    ay - ab  bx. Then by re -
    arranging the equation to make  a ,0 
    all the terms positive will become
     x

    bx  ay  ab and dividing both


    x y
    sides by  ab  will give us   1
    a b
    which is known as the intercept
    form.
    Exercises:
    1. Find the distance from the line 5x = 12y + 26 to
    the points
    a. (3, -5)
    b. (-4, 1)
    c. (9, 0)

    ANS. a. -49/13
    b. 58/13
    c. -19/13
    Exercises:
    2. Find the distance between the lines x-y=15 and
    x-y=28

    13 2
    ANS.
    2
    DIVISION OF LINE SEGMENT
    AREA
    CONIC SECTIONS

    The conic section falls into three (3) classes, which


    varies in form and in certain properties. These classes
    are distinguished by the value of the eccentricity (e).
    If e = 1, a conic section which is a parabola
    If e < 1, a conic section which is an ellipse
    If e > 1, a conic section which is a hyperbola
    CONIC SECTIONS
    CIRCLE
    PARABOLA
    ELLIPSE
    Equations of ellipse with center
    at the origin C (0, 0)
    HYPERBOLA
    POLAR COORDINATES
    • The cable of a suspension bridge hangs in
    the form of a parabola when the load is
    uniformly distributed horizontally. The
    distance between two towers is 500m, the
    points of support of the cable on the
    towers are 75m above the roadway and
    the lowest point on the cable is 25above
    the roadway. Find the vertical distance the
    cable from a point in the roadway 50 m
    from the foot of the tower.
    • Find an equation of the circle passing
    through the vertex and the endpoints of
    the lactus rectum of the parabola x2 = -8y.
    • A truck hauling a cylindrical steel tank has
    to pass under an overhead parabolic arch
    bridge which has a span of 24m and is
    20m high. If the tank is 16 m in diameter
    and is placed in truck with sides vertical
    and the top of the tank is 10 m above the
    street level and the truck pass under the
    bridge? If so, what is the smallest
    clearance from the top of the tank?

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