Research: Research Is An Organized Enquiry Designed and Carried Out To Provide For Solving A Problem

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RESEARCH

Research is an
organized enquiry
designed and carried
out to provide for
solving a problem
Characteristics of Research
1. Systematic investigation
2. Purpose
objective and logical
3. Development of theories and
principles
4. Adopts scientific method
5. Finding answers to relevant answers

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Objectives of Research
1. Answers for What ,Why, When ,How of
various questions related to research
problem
2. Enable us to make reliable predictions
of events yet to happen
3. Aims at developing new tools, concepts
and theories for a better study of
unknown phenomenon
4. To analyze inter-relationships between
various variables
5. Analytical studies of internal and
external environment of business

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Types of Research
Descriptive Research
•The major purpose of
descriptive research is
description of the state of
affairs, as it exists in the present
•It includes surveys and fact-
finding enquiries of different
kinds

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Analytical Research

The researcher has to


use facts or
information already
available, and analyze
these to make a
critical evaluation of
the material

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Quantitative Research
It is based on the
measurement of quantity
and amount
It is applicable to
phenomena that can be
expressed in terms of
quantity
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QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
Concerned with qualitative
phenomena
If we are interested in
investigating the reasons for
human behavior … which is a
part of qualitative research
Conceptual Research

Related to some abstract


idea or theory
It is generally used by
philosophers and thinkers
to develop new concepts
or to interpret existing ones
Empirical Research
Relies on experience or
observations alone
It is data based research
Coming up with conclusions
which are capable of being
verified by observation and
experiment
Importance of Research
1. Assists in solving various
operational and planning
problems of business and
industry
2. Helps to establish social
relationships and solves social
problems
3. Research is used in all fields of
applied economics, applied
finance and applied
mathematics etc…
Research process
1.Situational Analysis
2.Formulation of research
problem
3.Research Design
4.Data collection
5.Data processing
6.Data analysis and
interpretation
7.Report writing
Errors in Research Process

1.Sampling errors
2.Non sampling errors
Sampling E rrors

Marketing research studies are


based on samples of people or
products or stores
The results emerging from such
studies are then generalized
Non-Sampling errors
1.Defective problem definition
2.Defective population
definition
3.Frame error
4.Non response error
5.Experimental error
6.Poor questionnaire design
7.Interviewer bias
8.Data analysis error
Research Design
A research design is
simply the framework or
plan for a study that is
used as a guide in
collecting and analyzing
the data.
Types of Research Design

1. Exploratory Research
2. Conclusive Research
Exploratory Research

1.Search of secondary data and Literature


Research
2.Survey of knowledgeable persons or
experience survey
3.Case study

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