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    Detoxification: Leo Galland M.D. Foundation For Integrated Medicine

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    mubs10
    The document discusses how the body naturally detoxifies or breaks down both exogenous (foreign) and endogenous (internally created) substances through two phase processes in major organs like the liver and intestines. Phase one involves adding oxygen or functional groups to molecules, while phase two involves conjugating molecules to make them more water soluble for excretion. Key enzymes and plant-derived compounds that support and induce these phases are described. Maintaining methylation, antioxidants, and intestinal health also support detoxification. An example is given of a child whose psoriasis improved on an anti-inflammatory diet supporting these processes.

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    Detoxification: Leo Galland M.D. Foundation For Integrated Medicine

    Uploaded by

    mubs10
    135 views35 pages
    The document discusses how the body naturally detoxifies or breaks down both exogenous (foreign) and endogenous (internally created) substances through two phase processes in major organs like the liver and intestines. Phase one involves adding oxygen or functional groups to molecules, while phase two involves conjugating molecules to make them more water soluble for excretion. Key enzymes and plant-derived compounds that support and induce these phases are described. Maintaining methylation, antioxidants, and intestinal health also support detoxification. An example is given of a child whose psoriasis improved on an anti-inflammatory diet supporting these processes.

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    Detoxification

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    The document discusses how the body naturally detoxifies or breaks down both exogenous (foreign) and endogenous (internally created) substances through two phase processes in major organs like the liver and intestines. Phase one involves adding oxygen or functional groups to molecules, while phase two involves conjugating molecules to make them more water soluble for excretion. Key enzymes and plant-derived compounds that support and induce these phases are described. Maintaining methylation, antioxidants, and intestinal health also support detoxification. An example is given of a child whose psoriasis improved on an anti-inflammatory diet supporting these processes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    135 views35 pages

    Detoxification: Leo Galland M.D. Foundation For Integrated Medicine

    Uploaded by

    mubs10
    The document discusses how the body naturally detoxifies or breaks down both exogenous (foreign) and endogenous (internally created) substances through two phase processes in major organs like the liver and intestines. Phase one involves adding oxygen or functional groups to molecules, while phase two involves conjugating molecules to make them more water soluble for excretion. Key enzymes and plant-derived compounds that support and induce these phases are described. Maintaining methylation, antioxidants, and intestinal health also support detoxification. An example is given of a child whose psoriasis improved on an anti-inflammatory diet supporting these processes.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 35

    Detoxification

    Leo Galland M.D.


    Foundation for Integrated
    Medicine

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    OUR BODIES DETOXIFY

    • Exogenous, foreign
    substances

    • Endogenous, internally
    created substances
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    ENDOGENOUS
    SUBSTANCES
    • Gut toxins
    – bacteria
    – parasites
    – yeast
    • Hormones
    • Bile acids
    • Metabolic intermediates

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    EXOGENOUS
    SUBSTANCES
    • Xenobiotics
    – herbicides
    – pesticides
    • Air pollutants
    – auto exhaust
    – tobacco smoke
    • Pharmaceuticals
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    DETOXIFICATION
    TRANSFORMS MOLECULES

    • Functionalization
    Phase I

    • Conjugation
    Phase II
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    MAJOR SITES OF
    ENZYMATIC DETOXIFICATION

    • Liver
    – most important organ

    • Lung, intestine, kidney & skin


    – demonstrable detox capability

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    LIVER DETOXIFICATION

    • PHASE ONE: OXYGENATION

    • PHASE TWO: CONJUGATION

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE ONE ENZYMES
    • Cytochrome P450 system (20-30
    enzymes)
    • Use oxygen to alter molecules
    • By-products include free oxygen
    radicals
    • End products may be more dangerous
    than the initial chemicals

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    PHASE ONE ACTIVITY
    • Increased in tobacco smokers
    • Increased or decreased by medications
    • Increased by char-broiled meats and
    high intake of alcohol, BHT or
    vegetable oils
    • Variably influenced by phytochemicals,
    especially flavonoids
    • Decreased in vegans
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    PHASE ONE INDUCERS
    • cabbage, broccoli, brussel sprouts
    (indole-3-carbinol)
    • oranges and tangerines (limonene)
    • caraway and dill seeds (limonene)

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE ONE INHIBITORS
    • grapefruit (naringenin)
    • turmeric (curcumin)
    • capsicum (capsaicin)
    • cloves (eugenol)
    • onions (quercetin)

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    • ZINC DEFICIENCY DISRUPTS
    PHASE ONE ACTIVITY, SHIFTING
    ENZYME PATTERNS TO
    INCREASE THE PRODUCTION
    OF CANCER PROMOTERS

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE TWO:CONJUGATION

    • sulfate
    • amino acids: glycine, taurine, glutamine,
    ornithine, arginine
    • glutathione
    • methylation
    • glucuronic acid

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE TWO INHIBITION
    • nutritional deficiency
    • toxin exposures that exhaust supplies of
    substrates or co-factors
    • example: acetaminophen, alcohol and
    low protein intake deplete glutathione,
    which is needed for acetaminophen
    detoxification

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE TWO STIMULATION
    • cabbage, broccoli, cauliflower, brussel
    sprouts, kale (glucosinolates)
    • garlic oil, rosemary, soy
    • citrus peel, dill and caraway oils
    (limonene)
    • curcumin
    • S-adenosyl methionine (SAM)
    • milk thistle (silymarins)
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Glucosinolates Must Be Hydrolyzed by
    the Enzyme Myrosinase
    • Glucosinolates (>70 types) are
    separated from myrosinase in plants,
    not sprouts
    • Crushing the plant before cooking
    liberates the active phytochemical
    • Sulforaphane releases nuclear
    respiratory factor-2 (Nrf2), induces
    glutathione S-transferase

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    Glucosinolates Must Be Hydrolyzed by
    the Enzyme Myrosinase

    • Indole-3-carbinol is converted to
    diindolyl methane (DIM) by acid
    conjugation in the stomach
    • DIM stimulates CYPA1/1A2, which
    alters estrone metabolism to reduce
    estrogenic activity and inhibit growth of
    breast cancers

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    PHASE TWO GENETICS
    • Genetic variation in the activity of
    different Phase two enzymes in the
    liver, brain or intestines may account for
    disease susceptibility:
    • colon cancer
    • breast cancer
    • Parkinson’s disease

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    ANTIOXIDANT BENEFITS
    • protect DNA and cell or organelle
    membranes from free radical damage
    • elevate levels of glutathione
    • stimulate immune responses
    • increase activity of tumor suppressor
    genes
    • inhibit activity of enzymes needed for
    tumor growth
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    ANTIOXIDANT
    PROTECTION
    • vitamins E and C
    • carotenoids (carotene, lycopene, lutein)
    • flavonoids
    • selenium
    • glutathione
    • lipoic acid

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    PLANT FUNCTIONS OF
    FLAVONOIDS

    • Production stimulated by lack of


    light
    • Stress: microbes, heavy metals,
    ozone, sulfur dioxide, pH
    changes
    • Inhibit photo-oxidation and
    microbial growth
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    CLASSES OF FLAVONOIDS
    • Glycosides
    – rutin, hesperidin
    • Aglycones
    – flavonols (quercetin)
    – anthocyanidins (catechin)
    • Proanthocyanidins
    – dimers, trimers of anthocyanidins
    • Tannins
    – polymeric anthocyanidins
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    FLAVONOID EFFECTS ON
    MAMMALIAN CELLS

    • Potent anti-oxidants
    – quench free radicals
    – chelate transition metals
    • Inhibit oxygenases: PG
    synthetase
    – 5-lipoxygenase
    • Alter activity of ION pumps
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    METHYLATION
    • protects DNA from mutation
    • depends upon methionine (SAM), folic
    acid, vitamin B12
    • enhanced by dimethylglycine (DMG),
    choline, betaine
    • CAVEAT: methylation inactivates
    genes; aberrant methylation may
    inactivate tumor suppressor genes
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    THE INTESTINES
    AND DETOXIFICATION
    • absorption and excretion of toxins
    • second largest volume of detox
    enzymes
    • intestinal toxicity stresses the liver

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    DETOXIFYING AGENTS
    • dietary fiber (beans, grains)
    • antioxidants (vegetables, seeds, fruit)
    • Phase Two inducers (crucifers)
    • glutathione enhancers (selenium...)
    • methylation enhancers (folic acid...)
    • spices (turmeric, rosemary)
    • herbs (milk thistle, Ginkgo biloba)
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine
    AB, 6 year old girl with
    psoriasis
    • Prior to age 3: infantile colic, rarely ill
    • Age 3: otitis media associated with guttate
    psoriasis, treated with steroids and dovenex
    • Naturopath: avoid junk food, use flax oil and
    primrose oil progressively worse
    • On a 50% fruit and vegetable diet, nightshade
    free dramatic improvement, leaving few
    tiny patches on arms

    Foundation for Integrated Medicine


    AB, 6 year old girl with
    psoriasis
    • Her psoriasis controlling diet
    -Breakfast: Granola, soy milk, water
    -Lunch: Whole wheat bread, tuna,
    cheese, almond butter, fruit conserves,
    water
    -Dinner: Chicken, salmon, noodles,
    brown rice, salad, vegetables
    -Snacks: fruits and vegetables
    Foundation for Integrated Medicine

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