Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 263 views

    BF Skinner Operant Conditioning (B)

    Uploaded by

    Elaiza Herrera
    B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist known for his theory of operant conditioning, which argues that behavior is a function of its consequences. Operant conditioning refers to learning through rewards and punishments for behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated by providing positive or negative consequences. There are two types of reinforcement - primary reinforcement satisfies basic needs while secondary reinforcement was previously associated with primary reinforcement. Reinforcement can also be positive by adding a reward or negative by removing an aversive stimulus. The timing of reinforcement impacts how quickly behaviors are learned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    BF Skinner Operant Conditioning (B)

    Uploaded by

    Elaiza Herrera
    263 views15 pages
    B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist known for his theory of operant conditioning, which argues that behavior is a function of its consequences. Operant conditioning refers to learning through rewards and punishments for behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated by providing positive or negative consequences. There are two types of reinforcement - primary reinforcement satisfies basic needs while secondary reinforcement was previously associated with primary reinforcement. Reinforcement can also be positive by adding a reward or negative by removing an aversive stimulus. The timing of reinforcement impacts how quickly behaviors are learned.

    Original Description:

    Qahwb

    Original Title

    Bf skinner operant conditioning (B)

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist known for his theory of operant conditioning, which argues that behavior is a function of its consequences. Operant conditioning refers to learning through rewards and punishments for behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated by providing positive or negative consequences. There are two types of reinforcement - primary reinforcement satisfies basic needs while secondary reinforcement was previously associated with primary reinforcement. Reinforcement can also be positive by adding a reward or negative by removing an aversive stimulus. The timing of reinforcement impacts how quickly behaviors are learned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    263 views15 pages

    BF Skinner Operant Conditioning (B)

    Uploaded by

    Elaiza Herrera
    B.F. Skinner was an American psychologist known for his theory of operant conditioning, which argues that behavior is a function of its consequences. Operant conditioning refers to learning through rewards and punishments for behaviors. Reinforcement increases the likelihood a behavior will be repeated by providing positive or negative consequences. There are two types of reinforcement - primary reinforcement satisfies basic needs while secondary reinforcement was previously associated with primary reinforcement. Reinforcement can also be positive by adding a reward or negative by removing an aversive stimulus. The timing of reinforcement impacts how quickly behaviors are learned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    RELATIVITY OF

    REINFORCEMENT

    BURRHUS FREDERIC SKINNER


    B.F. SKINNER
    Submitted By: Mary Angel G. Jinayon
    BSP 2-3
    Burrhus Frederic Skinner aka “B.F. Skinner”
    An American Psychologist, Behaviorist,
    Author, Inventor, and Social Philosopher
    • Born on March 20, 1904, Susquehanna,
    Pennsylvania, United States
    • Died on August 18, 1990, Cambridge,
    Massachusetts, United States
    • Known for Operant Conditionisng, Radical
    Behaviorism, Applied Behavior Analysis
    Operant Conditioning
    • A method of learning that occur through
    rewards and punishments for behavior.
    • Refers to anything that increases the
    Reinforcement probability that a response will occur.
    Also, refers to the effect that the
    reinforcement has on behavior.
    • The principle of reinforcement suggests
    that when we follow behavior with
    pleasant consequences, that behavior is
    likely to be repeated.
    Ex. We emulate a situation to a cat and
    when a cat responded on a similar way,
    we reward them.
    Explanation: When the cat is exposed to
    the same situation, they will execute a
    similar action with the enthusiastically
    expecting of getting more reward
    CATEGORY OF REINFORCEMENT
    • Primary Reinforcement
    • Secondary Reinforcement
    Primary Reinforcement
    o Are naturally occurring and do not
    require an individual to learn any
    significant method or process in
    order to work.
    o The principle of primary
    reinforcement is sometimes
    Primary referred to as unconditional
    reinforcement.
    Reinforcement o Primary reinforcement assists the
    survival of people, plants, and
    animals.
    Ex. Food, Water, Air, Sleep, and Sex
    Ex. Taking a pill for the headache to
    go away.
    o Secondary Reinforcement is also
    known as conditioned
    reinforcement.
    o Refers to a situation wherein a
    stimulus reinforces behavior
    after being previously associated
    Secondary with a primary reinforce or a
    Reinforcement stimulus that satisfies basic
    survival instruct such as food,
    drink, and clothing.
    Ex. Money is a secondary
    reinforce because it does not
    directly reinforce you. Therefore,
    you use the money to get primary
    reinforces.
    TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT
    o Positive Reinforcement
    o Negative Reinforcement
    o Refers to the introduction of a
    desirable or pleasant stimulus after
    a behavior.
    o Positive reinforcement involves
    adding something to increase
    response, such as giving a bit of
    candy to a child after she cleans
    Positive up her room
    Reinforcement o An undesirable stimulus
    introduced to discourage the
    behavior
    Ex. Teacher handing out smiley face
    (pleasant stimulus) to children who
    perfect they spelling test (Behavior)
    o Refers to response or behavior is
    strengthened by stopping, removing,
    or avoiding a negative outcome or
    aversive stimuli
    o Negative Reinforcement involves
    removing something in order to
    Negative increase response, such as canceling
    a quiz if students turn in all of their
    Reinforcement
    homework for the week.
     
    Ex. You decided to clean up your messed
    in the kitchen (Behavior) to avoid getting
    into a fight with your roommate (removal
    of the aversive stimulus).
    o Refers to a type of schedule
    of reinforcement that
    regularly affects behavior.
    o In situations when present
    reinforcement is controlled,
    such as during training, the
    Continuous timing of when a reinforce is
    Reinforcement presented can be
    manipulated.
    Ex. Giving a child a chocolate
    everyday after he finishes his
    math homework.
    o Also referred to as intermittent
    reinforcement
    o This involves learning through
    reinforcement or punishment.
    o The type of reinforcement
    used can play an important
    Partial role in how quickly a behavior
    Reinforcement is learned and the overall
    strength of the resulting
    response
    Ex. A saleswoman gets incentive
    after each pair of shoes she
    sells
    TYPES OF PARTIAL REINFORCEMENT
    oFixed-ratio schedules
    oFixed-interval schedules
    oVariable-ratio schedules
    oVariable-interval schedules
    Fixed-ratio schedules
    o Reinforcing a behavior after a
    specific number of responses
    have occurred.
    Ex. Delivering a food pellet to a rat
    after it presses a bar five times

    Fixed-interval schedules
    o Reinforcing a behavior after a
    specific period of time has
    elapsed.
    Ex. In a lab setting would be
    reinforcing a rat with a lab pellet for
    the first bar press after a 30 second
    interval has elapsed.
    Variable-ratio schedules
    o Reinforcing the behavior after an
    unpredictable number of responses.
    Ex. In a lab setting, This involve delivering
    food pellets to a rat after one bar press, again
    after four bar presses, and then again after
    two bar presses
    Variable-interval schedules
    o Reinforcing the behavior after an
    unpredictable period of time has elapsed.
    Ex. Delivering a food pellet to a rat after the
    first bar press following a one minute interval,
    a second pellet for the first response
    following a five minute interval and a third
    pellet for the first response following a three
    minute interval
     

    You might also like