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    Networking Concepts - Part 5

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    Aayush Shahi
    RIP version 1 is a classful, distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It broadcasts routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count over 15 to be unreachable. The lecture describes how RIPv1 performs routing, configuration, and verification using commands like router rip, network, and debug ip rip. It also covers how RIPv1 implements automatic summarization of routes between classful networks and the use of default routes.

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    Networking Concepts - Part 5

    Uploaded by

    Aayush Shahi
    22 views29 pages
    RIP version 1 is a classful, distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It broadcasts routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count over 15 to be unreachable. The lecture describes how RIPv1 performs routing, configuration, and verification using commands like router rip, network, and debug ip rip. It also covers how RIPv1 implements automatic summarization of routes between classful networks and the use of default routes.

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    Networking Concepts _part 5

    Original Title

    Networking Concepts _part 5

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    RIP version 1 is a classful, distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It broadcasts routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count over 15 to be unreachable. The lecture describes how RIPv1 performs routing, configuration, and verification using commands like router rip, network, and debug ip rip. It also covers how RIPv1 implements automatic summarization of routes between classful networks and the use of default routes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    22 views29 pages

    Networking Concepts - Part 5

    Uploaded by

    Aayush Shahi
    RIP version 1 is a classful, distance vector routing protocol that uses hop count as its metric. It broadcasts routing updates every 30 seconds and considers routes with a hop count over 15 to be unreachable. The lecture describes how RIPv1 performs routing, configuration, and verification using commands like router rip, network, and debug ip rip. It also covers how RIPv1 implements automatic summarization of routes between classful networks and the use of default routes.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 29

    Lecture Week 5

    RIP version 1

    Routing Protocols and Concepts


    Objectives
    • Describe the functions, characteristics, and
    operation of the RIPv1 protocol.
    • Configure a device for using RIPv1.
    • Verify proper RIPv1 operation.
    • Describe how RIPv1 performs automatic
    summarization.
    • Configure, verify, and troubleshoot default routes
    propagated in a routed network implementing
    RIPv1.
    • Use recommended techniques to solve problems
    related to RIPv1
    RIPv1
    • RIP Characteristics
    -A classful, Distance Vector (DV) routing
    protocol
    -Metric = hop count
    -Routes with a hop count > 15 are
    unreachable
    -Updates are broadcast every 30 seconds
    RIPv1
    • RIP Message Format
    • RIP header - divided
    into 3 fields
    -Command field
    -Version field
    -Must be zero
    • Route Entry -
    composed of 3 fields
    –-Address family
    identifier
    –-IP address
    –-Metric
    RIPv1
    • RIP Operation
    –RIP uses 2 message types:
    Request message
    -This is sent out on startup by each RIP
    enabled interface
    -Requests all RIP enabled neighbors to
    send routing table
    Response message
    -Message sent to requesting router
    containing routing table
    RIPv1
    • IP addresses initially
    divided into classes
    -Class A
    -Class B
    -Class C
    • RIP is a classful routing
    protocol
    -Does not send
    subnet masks in
    routing updates
    RIPv1
    • Administrative Distance
    –RIP’s default administrative distance is 120
    Basic RIPv1 Configuration
    • A typical topology suitable
    for use by RIPv1 includes:
    • -Three router set up
    • -No PCs attached to LANs
    -Use of 5 different IP
    subnets
    Basic RIPv1 Configuration
    • Router RIP Command
    –To enable RIP enter:
    – -Router rip at the global configuration prompt
    – -Prompt will look like R1(config-router)#
    Basic RIPv1 Configuration
    Specifying Networks
    Use the network command
    to: -Enable RIP on all
    interfaces that
    belong to this
    network
    -Advertise this network
    in RIP updates sent to other
    routers every 30 seconds
    Verification and Troubleshooting
    • Show ip Route
    • To verify and
    troubleshoot routing
    -Usethe following
    commands:
    -show ip route
    -show ip protocols
    -debug ip rip
    Verification and Troubleshooting
    • show ip
    protocols
    command
    -Displays
    routing
    protocol
    configured
    on router
    (5.3.2)
    Verification and Troubleshooting
    • Debug ip rip command
    -Used to display RIP routing updates as
    they are happening (5.3.3)
    Verification and Troubleshooting

    • Passive interface command


    -Used to prevent a router from sending
    updates through an interface
    -Example:
    Router(config-router)#passive-interface interface-type interface-number
    Verification and Troubleshooting
     Passive interfaces
    Automatic Summarization
    Modified Topology
    • The original scenario has
    been modified such that:
    Three classful networks are used:
    172.30.0.0/16
    192.168.4.0/24
    192.168.5.0/24
    The 172.30.0.0/16 network is subnetted
    into three subnets:
    172.30.1.0/24
    172.30.2.0/24
    172.30.3.0/24
    The following devices are part of the
    172.30.0.0/16 classful network address:
    All interfaces on R1
    S0/0/0 and Fa0/0 on R2
    Automatic Summarization

    • Configuration Details
    -To remove the RIP
    routing process use the
    following command
    No router rip
    -To check the
    configuration use the
    following command
    Show run
    Automatic Summarization
    • Boundary Routers
    –RIP automatically summarizes classful networks
    –Boundary routers summarize RIP subnets from one
    major network to another.
    Automatic Summarization
    Processing RIP Updates
    • 2 rules govern RIPv1 updates:
    -If a routing update and the interface
    it’s received on belong to the same
    network then
    The subnet mask of the interface
    is applied to the network in the routing
    update
    -If a routing update and the interface
    it’s received on belong to a different
    network then
    The classful subnet mask of the
    network is applied to the
    network in the routing update.
    Automatic Summarization
    • Sending RIP Updates
    –RIP uses automatic summarization to reduce the size of
    a routing table.
    Automatic Summarization
    • Advantages of
    automatic
    summarization:
    -The size of
    routing updates is
    reduced
    -Single routes are
    used to represent
    multiple routes
    which results in
    faster lookup in the
    Automatic Summarization
    • Disadvantage of Automatic Summarization:
    -Does not support discontiguous networks
    Automatic Summarization

    • Discontiguous
    Topologies do not
    converge with RIPv1
    • A router will only
    advertise major
    network addresses out
    interfaces that do not
    belong to the
    advertised route.
    Default Route and RIPv1
    • Modified Topology: Scenario C
    • Default routes
    –Packets that are not defined specifically in a routing table
    will go to the specified interface for the default route
    – Example: Customer routers use default routes to
    connect to an ISP router.
    – Command used to configure a default route is
    – ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s0/0/1
    Default Route and RIPv1
    Default Route and RIPv1
    • Propagating the Default Route in RIPv1
    • Default-information originate command
    –-This command is used to specify that the
    router is to originate default information, by
    propagating the static default route in RIP
    update.
    Summary
    • RIP characteristics include:
    Classful, distance vector routing protocol
    Metric is Hop Count
    Does not support VLSM or discontiguous
    subnets
    Updates every 30 seconds
    • Rip messages are encapsulated in a UDP
    segment with source and destination ports of
    520
    Summary: Commands used by RIP
    Command Command’s purpose

    Rtr(config)#router rip Enables RIP routing process

    Rtr(config-router)#network Associates a network with a RIP routing process

    Rtr#debug ip rip used to view real time RIP routing updates

    Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Prevent RIP updates from going out an interface

    Rtr(config-router)#default-information originate Used by RIP to propagate default routes

    Rtr#show ip protocols Used to display timers used by RIP


    Thank You

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