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    Properties of Enzymes

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    Areej Ahmad
    Enzymes are biological catalysts that activate biochemical reactions by converting substrates to products. They contain an apoenzyme protein component and may also have cofactors like coenzymes and prosthetic groups that are required for biological activity. Enzymes exhibit several key properties - they are highly catalytic, showing extraordinary catalytic power; they are highly specific, only acting on particular substrates and bond types; they have optimal pH and temperature ranges for maximum activity; and their reactions are often reversible depending on cellular needs.

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    Properties of Enzymes

    Uploaded by

    Areej Ahmad
    198 views15 pages
    Enzymes are biological catalysts that activate biochemical reactions by converting substrates to products. They contain an apoenzyme protein component and may also have cofactors like coenzymes and prosthetic groups that are required for biological activity. Enzymes exhibit several key properties - they are highly catalytic, showing extraordinary catalytic power; they are highly specific, only acting on particular substrates and bond types; they have optimal pH and temperature ranges for maximum activity; and their reactions are often reversible depending on cellular needs.

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    Enzymes are biological catalysts that activate biochemical reactions by converting substrates to products. They contain an apoenzyme protein component and may also have cofactors like coenzymes and prosthetic groups that are required for biological activity. Enzymes exhibit several key properties - they are highly catalytic, showing extraordinary catalytic power; they are highly specific, only acting on particular substrates and bond types; they have optimal pH and temperature ranges for maximum activity; and their reactions are often reversible depending on cellular needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    198 views15 pages

    Properties of Enzymes

    Uploaded by

    Areej Ahmad
    Enzymes are biological catalysts that activate biochemical reactions by converting substrates to products. They contain an apoenzyme protein component and may also have cofactors like coenzymes and prosthetic groups that are required for biological activity. Enzymes exhibit several key properties - they are highly catalytic, showing extraordinary catalytic power; they are highly specific, only acting on particular substrates and bond types; they have optimal pH and temperature ranges for maximum activity; and their reactions are often reversible depending on cellular needs.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Properties of

    enzymes
    Areej ahmad
    Fst evening
    12
    What an enzyme is?
    • Enzymes are biological catalysts which activate the biochemical reactions.
    • The molecules upon which the enzymes act are called substrate.
    • The enzyme converts the substrate into different molecules called
    products.
    • Co-factor: a non protein part of enzyme required for the biological
    activity is called cofactor.it has two types;
    1. Co-enzyme
    2. Prosthetic group
    • Coenzyme: cofactor that are bound loosely to the
    enzyme.
    • Prosthetic group: cofactor that are bound tightly to the
    enzyme.
    • Apo-enzyme: the protein part of an active enzyme is
    called apo- enzyme.
    • Holo-enzyme: the active enzyme composed of apo-
    enzyme and a co-factor.
    Properties of
    enzymes
    By areej ahmad
    FST evening
    Properties of enzymes
    Catalytic
    property

    reversibili specificity
    properties
    ty

    Senstivenes
    s to heat Specific to
    and pH
    temperature
    Catalytic property
    • Enzymes have extra ordinary catalytic power.
    • They are very active in small quantities.
    • A small amount of enzyme is enough to convert a large
    quantity of substrates.
    • The enzymes remain unchanged after the reaction.
    • The turn over number of enzyme ranges from 0.5 to
    600000.
    specificity
    • Enzymes are very specific in their action.
    • Particular enzyme acts only on particular substrate.
    • Enzyme are also specific to the particular type of reaction.
    • Enzyme show different types of specificity such as bond
    specificity, substrate specificity, cofactor specificity etc.
    i. Bond specificity: In this the enzyme is specific to the bond. Eg:
    peptidase is specific for peptide bond and lipase is specific for
    ester bond in lipid.
    ii. Substrate specific: in this the enzyme acts only for a particular
    substrate. Eg carbonic anhydrase acts only on carbonic acid.
    Specific to pH
    • Enzymes are specific to pH.
    • Some enzyme are active in acidic pH .
    • Some are active in basic pH.
    • Some enzymes active in neutral pH.
    • Optimum pH :
    the correct pH of an enzyme is denoted as optimum pH.
    Sensitiveness to heat and
    temperature
    • enzymes are very sensitive to heat and temperature.
    • The maximum activity of an enzyme will be at normal temperature.
    • The correct temperature for the maximum activity of the enzyme
    is called optimum temperature.
    • Enzyme will be inactive at very low temperature.
    • The enzymatic activity increases with a increase of temperature up
    to a certain level.
    • At very high temp. the enzyme denatured or destroyed.
    Reversibility
    • Most of the enzymes catalyzed reaction are reversible.
    • The reversibility of the reaction depends upon the
    requirement of the cell.

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