Public Speaking

PUBLIC SPEAKING
AS
COMMUNICATION
PUBLIC SPEAKING
A dynamic process that involves
 The speaker
 The purpose
 The message
 The medium
 The setting
 The listener
 The response
 Interference
 Consequence
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Speaker – One who initiates the
communication process.
Purpose – What the speaker wishes to
accomplish.
Message – Words, aids, gestures meant to
achieve the purpose.
Medium – channel through which message
is transmitted. Eg; air, electronic media.
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Setting – physical/psychological context in which
message is presented.
Listeners – receivers of the message who make it
effective.
Response – what happens during and after the
speech. Feedback.
Interference – factors that can disrupt the
communication process.
Consequences – Short/long term effects of the
message.
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Personal Benefits.
1. You learn more about yourself.
2. Your knowledge expands.
3. You learn about others.
4. You learn to become an effective listener.
5. You become a better communicator.
PUBLIC SPEAKING
Social Benefits.
1. Indian political/commercial systems
based on faith in public communication.
2. Ability to make informed decisions.
3. Your elevation in the workplace depends
on your ability to communicate.
4. You become an improved human being.
Communication Fears
 Trembling/shaking 80 %
 Mind going blank 74 %
 Saying something embarrassing 64 %
 Unable to continue talking 63 %
 Not making sense 59 %
 Sounding foolish 59 %
Ways to control
Communication Fear
 Practice relaxation.
 Strengthen speech skills.
 Use positive thoughts.
 Develop interest in the topic given.
 Understand that the audience does not
know your fear.
 Act confident even if you are not.
 Practice, practice, practice.
AIDS TO PUBLIC SPEAKING
 Facts & statistics – turn claims into well
documented arguments.
 Testimonies – in support of your ideas
provided by experts strengthens your speech.
 Examples – illustrate points and make them
seem authentic.
 Stories – in which characters come to life make
speeches interesting, authentic and convincing.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Hearing & listening- the difference
Hearing – automatic reaction to sound.
Listening – voluntary activity which is

beyond physical reaction to sound.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Listening requires :
Focus – on the matter in the speech.
Understanding – the subject correctly.
Interpretation – based on own knowledge

& experience.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
The 6 step Listening Ladder
1. Discriminative
2. Comprehensive
3. Empathic
4. Appreciative
5. Critical
6. Constructive
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
BENEFITS – for the listener
1. Resistance to persuasive
exploitation.
2. Identifying what is important.
3. Better grades for students.
4. Success in the workplace.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
BENEFITS - for the speaker
 listeners want speakers to succeed.
 Nodding/ note taking encourages them.
 Effective listening boosts self esteem.
 Reduces communication apprehension.

EFFECTIVE LISTENING
External Listening barriers
 External noise.
 Use of jargon & unfamiliar words.
 Presentation – fast/slow speech,

dress.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Listening problems arise when bias prevents
us from receiving messages accurately.
Some of these are:
 Filtering - What U want to hear.
 Assimilation – seeing similar
positions as closer than they are.
 Contrast effect – the opposite of the
above
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Internal listening barriers.
 Daydreaming.
 Reaction to words. Eg. Girl for
women.
 Hunger, anger, worry, lack of time.
 Attitude.
 Habits.
EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Overcoming RA
 Practice muscle relaxation.
 Rewrite negative messages of self.
 Act as though motivated by message.

EFFECTIVE LISTENING
Improving listening skills
 Identify & correct listening problems.

 Get the maximum out of the
message.
 Set aside bias to listen effectively.
 Control reactions to trigger words.
 Postpone judgment till speaker
finishes.
TO BE CONTINUED……

Public Speaking

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Public Speaking

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What are the components involved in the public speaking process?

What are some common fears associated with public speaking?

PUBLIC SPEAKING

Hearing – automatic reaction to sound.

Listening – voluntary activity which is

Focus – on the matter in the speech.

Understanding – the subject correctly.

Interpretation – based on own knowledge

 listeners want speakers to succeed.

 Nodding/ note taking encourages them.

 Effective listening boosts self esteem.

 Reduces communication apprehension.

 Use of jargon & unfamiliar words.

 Presentation – fast/slow speech,

 Practice muscle relaxation.

 Rewrite negative messages of self.

 Act as though motivated by message.

 Identify & correct listening problems.

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