PHILIPPINE CULTURAL PRACTICES AND PERFORMANCES - Visual Arts (Autosaved)

Prepared by: Joanne E.
Cagata
Learning Outcomes:
At the end of this chapter, the students
are expected to:
1. Manifest interest in local history and
show concern in promoting and
preserving the country’s historical and
cultural heritage.
Sculpture is the most
familiar art forms among
Filipinos.
Philippine sculptures have
undergone changes in
terms of shape, form,
content as well as the
mediums used.
First scuptures were
primitive and native
materials used are stones
Etnic scuptures has
been done using
traditional media of
wood and stone, by
carving, molding using
clays, and casting when
using metals.
Carving- removing of
materials from the wood
A National Treasure of the
Philippines, designated with item
64-MO-74 in the National Museum
of the Philippines, Manila.
Found in Chamber A of the Tabon
cave in Palawan.
 The jar is dated from about 2800
years before the present.
It was found by Robert Fox and
LETA-LETA CAVE
 Langen Island, El Nido,
Palawan.
Excavated in 1965 by
Dr, Robert Fox.
Burial site belonging to
the Late Neolithic
Period where and
assemblage of stone
and shell artifacts
Paete- derived from the
Tagalog word “Paet” which
means chisel.
Paete, Laguna has a long
reputation for its craftsmen
highly-skilled in wood
carving and its
embellishment.
“carpenter shops”
The official town hero is a
woodcarver, the master
artisan Mariano Madrinan,
whose obra maestra, the
lifelike Mater Dolorosa, was
honored by the King of
Spain.
Today, Paete sculptures
reached the world of
culinary.
The town thrives mainly on
Taka- refers to paper mache
made using carved wooden
sculpture used as a model. The
craft originated in the town of
Paete, Laguna.
Pionnered by Maria Piday. He
devised the lightweight taka
paper mache as an alternative to
the wooden sculptures.
 Tere Afuang popularized the
Takaan- carved wooden
sculpture
-used as a mold in
making taka.
Brown craft paper- used as
a final layer. Provides a
Used primary colors,
simple flower motifs,
repetitive lines and shapes.
Common subjects:
manok, kabayo, kalabaw,
dalaga, Santa Claus,
Arrowroot cookies have
the image of St. Nicholas
molded on it.
Legend has it that if you
consume these cookies
when one is ill, you will
get healed and recover in
a shorter amount of time.
The moulds are
Panecillos de San
Nicholas
-introduced by the Augustinian
friars.
-molded with the image of St,
Nicholas de Tolentino.
-to be made only on
Singkaban- art of shaving
bamboo into artful
creations that can be used
as décor for arches or for
the home.
 used during fiestas and
other important events in
Bulacan
SINGKABAN
FESTIVAL
-annual provincial event
of Bulacan where
Bulakenyo culture and
arts are featured in a
week-long celebration.
-Showcases the
Bul-ul- carved wooden figure
used to guard the rice crop by
the Igorot of Northern Luzon.
Highly stylized
representations of ancestors,
and are thought to gain power
from the presence of the
ancestral spirit.
Used in ceremonies
associated with rice
CREATION OF BUL-UL
-involves alwen bul-ul ritual by priest to
ensure that the statue gains power.
-the figures are placed in rice granaries to
bring a plentiful harvest.
-male and female statues are often found
together.
-Carved from narra or ipil-ipil wood or
sometimes stone.
SYMBOLS:
Female- mortar,
tapis, earrings
and anklets
Male- pestle,
loincloth
Okir- term for
geometric and flowing
designs which are
often based on an
elaborate leaf and vine
pattern and folk motifs
that can be usually
found in Maranao and
Okir a datu- refers to the
ornamental design for men
-scroll is the dominant
feature
Okir a bay- refers to the
ornamental design for women
-zigzag and angular forms
are the dominating motifs.
Okir is said to be firstly made
in Tugaya, Lanao del Sur.
Sarimanok- a legendary
bird of the Maranao people
who originate from
Mindanao. It comes from
the words “sari” means cloth
or garments and “manok”
that means chicken.
It is said to be a symbol of
It is derived from a
totem bird of Maranao
called “ Itotoro (medium
to the spirit world via its
unseen twin spirit bird
called Inikadowa.
Sarimanok is also
belived to have
Philippine National
Artist Abdulmari Asia
Imao helped to
popularize the
sarimanok.
FEU University seal
Torogan or Bahay Lakan- is a type of
house indigenous to Maranao
communities which is a symbol of high
KAWAYAN
TOROGAN built by
Sultan sa Kawayan
Makaantal in Bubung
Malanding,
Marantao,Lanao del
Sur.
Declared as National
Cultural Treasure by
the National
Museum of the
Philippines in 2008
Hagabi- a long
wooden bench played
under the eaves in the
stone-paved yard that
surrounds the house.
The Hagabi feast is
conducted for the
purpose of building a
modern house instead
of making a wooden
couch.
It signifies an
individual or
family’s wealth and
prestige belonging
to the rank of
Cadangyan who
can afford to
perform the Hagabi
feast.
Pabalat or Borlas de
Pastillas- a decorative
wrappers for pastillas.
Made of colourful
Japanese papers which
are cut with intricate
designs.
Transforms from local,
folk tradition into a
popular art.
Natty Ocampo Luz Ocampo
Puni-refers to the art of
coconut leaf weaving. It is a
tagalog term from the province
of Bulacan which means to
beautify or decorate with the
use of coconut leaf.
It can be categorized as toys,
food containers(puso) and
paraphernalia for religious
rituals (palaspas).
The art has Malayan
origin.
The present collection
and compilation of puni
designs is a result of
continuous research, mostly
skills sharing and
exchange, along with
contributions of various
individuals dedicated to
revive this vanishing art.
The basic forms of
architecture during Spanish
area was governed by the
building’s functional uses as
shelter and by the materials
available.
The Bahay Kubo or nipa hut
made of impermanent
materials has a style that has
lasted through the years. Nipa
jut’s basic form of structure,
the high roof and rectangular
plan were retained.
BEFORE NOW
Native Filipinos created
pottery since 3500 years
ago.
Potteries are usually used
to hold the deceased and
were decorated with
anthropomorphic designs.
Traditional pot making-
uses clay found near the
river and then molding it. It
should be kept away from
sunlight.
During Neolithic period, Philippine potteries were made
for water vessels, plates, cups, and for many others.
Incised and Impressed designs of the Kalanay
pottery complex in the Philippines.
Archreological sites containing Kalanay
complex pottery are found scattered throughout
the Visayan Islands (Solheim n.d. b), in southern
Luzon, and the southwest-facing coast of Luzon.
It can be said that the Kalanay pottery complex

entered the Philippines during Late Neolithic
times, probably previous to 500 B.C. and
remained as a distinctive pottery complex until
Chinese porcelain of late T'ang or early Sung
started coming in.
 It contains shallow bowls with high and low ring stands
and vessels with angular profiles. The vessels are
decorated with cut-out triangles, horizontal and
diagonal impressed and carved designs.
 Novaliches pottery can be diagnosed by its form being
a shallow bowl with a high right-foot. The shallow bowl
is generally plain but the feet are highly decorated.
Majority of Novaliches pottery were well polished. The form is
so symmetrical that it looks as if it was made in a potter wheel,
however, examinations showed that it wasn’t.
Bau does not have so many type variations or
decorations as the former complex. It contains
small globular containers with rims turned
outwards, hemispherical jars with direct rims, flat
bottomed jars, and cups with ring feet.
Calatagan Excavations- represents a milestone
in the history of Philippine Archeology.
One of the outstanding treasures
are those found in the caves of
Lipoon Point, also known as Albion
head, in Quezon, Palawan. Dr.
Robert Foz discovered a fossilized
skull cap, other stone tools, pottery
and various artifacts estimated to
be between 15,000 to 25,000 years
old at the Tabon cave.
16th CENTURY
Spaniards introduced to the
Filipinos the Artistic
paintings.
Paintings are used as
religious propaganda to
spread Catholicism
throughout the Philippines.
Paintings from 16th-19th
centuries was to aid the
Catholic church.
EARLY 19TH CENTURY
Wealthier,educated Filipinos introduced
more secular Filipino art.
The use of watercolour paintings
increased.
Subjects began to include
landscapes,inhabitants, fashion and
government officials.
First art school was
established by Damian
Domingo in 1820.
1800’s art achievements
include Mariano Madrinan
won King Alfonso XII’s gold
medal and diploma of honor
in the Amsterdam
International Exposition of
1884. Also Juan Luna’s
Spoliarium awarded in
Madrid.
WORLD WAR II
Painters focused their artwork
on the effects of war, including
battle scenes, destruction and the
suffering of the Filipino people.
The newly-awakened interest in
Philippine religious painting and
sculpture which dates back to the early
years of Spanish colonizationhas brought
to light new qualities and quantities of art
that time.
National Museum, The Luz Gallery, and
Solidaridad Gallery
The Art Association of the Philippines,
Association of Sculptors and Association of
Printmakers.

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What are some of the earliest sculptures found in the Philippines?

What are some traditional sculpting techniques used in the Philippines?

Prepared by: Joanne E.

It can be said that the Kalanay pottery complex

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