Module 3 Physical Self The Beautiful Me

PHYSICAL self
Factors in the
Development of the
Physical Self
The development of the
individual is caused by two
interacting forces.
Heredity (nature)
◦ It provides the raw materials of
which the individual is made up.
through the genes, hereditary
potentials like physical, mental,
social, emotional, and moral traits
are passed down to generations.
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Environment (nurture)
◦ It is the sum total of the forces or
experiences that a person
undergoes from conception to old
age. also includes family, friends,
school, nutrition, and other
agencies one is in contact with.
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The Beginning of Life
Life begins at
fertilization
Fertilization refers to the meeting of the female sex
cell and the male sex cell. These sex cells are developed
in the reproductive organs called gonads. The male sex
cells called spermatozoa (singular: spermatozoon) are
produced in the male gonads called testes. On the other
hand, the female sex cells called ova are produced in the
female gonads known as ovaries. The fertilized egg cell
known as zygote contains all the hereditary potentials
from the parents. This zygote goes to the uterus and
continues to grow during the gestation period of about
280 days or 36 weeks or 9 calendar months.
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Each parent contributes one sex chromosome to the
offspring A male parent may pass either an X or a Y
chromosome while female always gives the X
chromosome. When an X chromosome comes from the
father and meets the X chromosome from the mother,
the resulting combination is XX which indicates a female
offspring. However, when the father produces a Y
chromosome which pairs with the X chromosome from
the mother, the resulting combination is XY, signifying a
male offspring.
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Both male and female chromosomes contain several
thousands of genes. Genes are the true carriers of
hereditary characteristics of the parents. Within the
gene is a substance called deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
which is the code of heredity. It contains information and
instructions about the newly created organism, and
programs the traits that should be inherited. Maturation
is the unfolding of the inherent traits.
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Stages in the Life Span
An individual
undergoes definite
stages of development
In each phase, the
child experiences
certain developmental
characteristics to
prepare him/her for the
next.
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
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STAGES OF HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
DEVELOPMENT STAGE AGE

Pre-natal period Conception to birth
Infancy Birth to end of the second week
Babyhood End of the second week to end of the
second year
Early childhood or preschool age Two to six years
Late childhood or elementary age Six to ten or twelve years
Puberty or preadolescence Twelve to thirteen or fourteen years
Adolescence Thirteen or fourteen to eighteen years
Early adulthood Eighteen to forty years
Middle age Forty to sixty years
Old age or senescence Sixty years to death
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Taking Care of My
Physical Self
Since the self is inseparable from
the body, you should take very
good care of your physical self.
Whether you plan to
lose, gain, or maintain
weight, the most
important thing to do
is to keep yourself fit.
To achieve this goal, a
rigid plan has to be
made.
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Balance Diet
◦ To keep fit and healthy, one needs to have a
balanced diet. Eating a balanced diet means
consuming the right kind of food at the right time and
in the right proportion. One's food intake should
contain the necessary nutrients essential for growth
and survival. This practice prevents malnutrition and
diseases. It is also important to keep mealtimes
pleasant and enjoyable. Thus, an individual should be
encouraged and motivated to eat more nutritious
food. It should also be remembered that junk food
must be avoided.
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ESSENTIAL FOOD NUTRIENTS
NUTRIENTS FUNCTIONS SOURCES AMOUNT OF

SERVING PER MEAL
1
Carbohydrates For supplying heat and Starchy food, bread, 1 to 14 cup of rice 1 to 2
energy to the body rice, tubers, cereals, pieces of corn in cob
and their products
1 3
Protein For building and repairing Legumes and by- to 4 cup
2
broken or worn-out tissues products; meat, fish, 2 to 3 pieces of meat
poultry, and by-product; 1 glass of milk
milk and milk products
Fats For maintaining heat and Margarine, nuts, oil, 1 tablespoon of

energy for the body butter, cheese, and by- vegetable oil and its
products equivalent
3
Vitamins and Minerals For healthy skin and hair, as All kinds of fruits and to 1 cup of vegetables
4
well as for aiding the normal vegetables; internal
1 slice of big fruit
functioning of the body organs like liver, 1 piece of small fruit
gizzard, spleen, etc.
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Water
◦ An individual should drink at least eight
glasses of water every day. It allows the
body to function efficiently. It also washes
away wastes to keep the skin clear and
healthy. With a high-protein diet, the body
utilizes the water properly and avoids water
retention. Liquids such as coffee, tea, or milk
should not be counted as water. Although
they contain lots of water, there is also a
build-up of caffeine, acid, or fat. 20
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Sleep
◦ Sleep gives the bones, muscles, and the mind
time to recover. An individual needs eight or
more hours of sleep a day.
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A soft and lumpy mattress
should be replaced with a firmer
one. Another way to improve the
bed is to raise the lower part of
the mattress so as to elevate the
feet. It is an ideal position
because the blood flows back
towards the heart and away
from the feet. Moreover,
sleeping on one Stomach can
help prevent varicose veins from
developing as well as other
circulatory problems.
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PHYSICAL self

DEVELOPMENT STAGE AGE

NUTRIENTS FUNCTIONS SOURCES AMOUNT OF

Fats For maintaining heat and Margarine, nuts, oil, 1 tablespoon of

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