Activity

The class will be divided into two groups.

Once you are already grouped into two,
the speaker will ask you to arrange
yourselves accordingly based on the
given categories. The group who will
finish first, will have the point. The group
with the highest score will be the winner.
No. of Years in
the Service
Age
Birth Month
No.of units in
Masteral
Remember this old saying?
First: tell them what you're going to tell them.
Second: tell them.
Third: tell them what you told them.
A simple speech outline follows that advice.
'Tell them what you're going to tell
them' becomes your introduction
'Tell them' forms the body
'Tell them what you told them' is your conclusion
Organizing and
Outlining the
Speech Body
 Preparing an outline is often
overlooked in a misguided
attempt to get on with the real
work of writing the speech
itself. Despite what many
people think it is not a waste
of time! Instead, you will
save it. And sidestep any
anxiety caused by
inadequate preparation.
1. Preparation-
–deciding on your topic
–considering the audience and
refining your topic to suit them
–deciding on the purpose of the
speech
–choosing an organizational method
to support your speech purpose
2. Introduction-
– opening greeting and attention getter
– defining your thesis statement (a
summary of what your speech is
about)
– establishing your credibility
– an overview and the benefit to the
audience
3. Body-
–transition or link between
introduction and body
–main ideas with supporting
ideas
–examples and details
4. Conclusion-
–summary of main points
–closer or call to action
Start with choosing a topic
 Put yourself to one side & focus on your
audience
• However before you make a final decision
considering more closely who will be listening to
you makes better sense than assuming
whatever you come up with will be good!
• How do you really know what aspects of your
topic are best suited to meet their needs? Or
what would be of real benefit for them to hear
about?
Analyze your audience
• Without analysis you are
'guessing' what would be
interesting and relevant for
them to hear.
• Refine your topic
• Using what you found out about your
audience decide on an aspect of your
topic that will be of benefit to them
and the angle you will take. Take care
with this. One size does not fit all!
• Minimize the risk of getting it wrong
by finding out as much as you can
about your audience!
Deciding on the purpose of your speech
• What is the purpose of this speech? Why are
you giving it?
• Is it to persuade or inform? Is it to demonstrate,
entertain, or welcome? Or is it a combination of
these?
• What do you want your speech to achieve?
Is there a particular action you want people to
take as a result of listening to you?
• Your answers to all of these questions will
dictate what organizational pattern you'll use for
your speech, its content and tone.
There are 6 basic organizational patterns or
methods of arranging the body of your
material. Choose the one most appropriate
for your need.
 Because event 'A' happened, event 'B'
occurred.
• Examples:
• Because the driver was speeding, the car
crashed.
• Because of the earthquake, the city was
destroyed.
• Because the minimum wage is low,
families can not afford good health care.
 The problem is 'X'. The answer is 'Y'.
• Examples:
• The problem is unaffordable housing. The
solution is community funded housing
complexes.
• The problem is unemployment. The solution is
meaningful, sustainable education and
employment programs.
• The problem is poor food choices. The solution
is practical community outreach programs
 This pattern suits a broad topic which is
broken down into naturally occurring
sub-topics.
• Examples:
• The broad topic is 'Vocal Variety'. Its sub-
topics include rate of speech, use of
pausing, voice tone, volume, articulation ...
• The broad topic is 'Organizational speech
patterns'. Sub-topics could be problem-
solution, cause- effect, logical ...
 Use this pattern for topics dealing
with physical spaces.
• Examples:
• The 10 most popular tourist attractions
in New Zealand.
• The European migration patterns of the
19th century.
• The population shift from country to
town in USA.
 These are either historical
topics or demonstration speeches.
Both deal with the sequence of events.
• For example:
• The history of women's suffrage in USA, the
abolition of slavery
• How to bake a cake, how to mend a
puncture in a bicycle tire, or how to knot a
tie
 Use this pattern to examine the range
of positive and negative aspects of an
idea or event.
• For example:
• What are the advantages and
disadvantages of private schooling?
• What are the advantages and
disadvantages of lowering the voting age?
-Demonstrates how two things are similar
or different
Thesis: Comparing performance, fuel
economy, and reliability can help you
decide whether to purchase gas-powered
or gas-electric hybrid car.
I.Performance
II.Fuel economy
III.Predicted reliability and battery life
Sample Speech Outline - Step
Two - Introduction
1. Greeting & attention
getter
2. Thesis statement
3. Credibility
4. Summative overview
5. Benefit(s)
• How are you going to greet
your audience, grab their attention
and compel them to listen?
• You could use a rhetorical
question, a startling statistic, a
quotation or a humorous one-
liner. To be effective it must be
related to your topic and apt for
your audience.
• Rhetorical question
How many of you really are more afraid of public speaking
than death?
• A startling statistic
Apparently in USA 75% of the population experiences public
speaking anxiety. Some just a little. And some a lot.
• A quotation
Mark Twain famously said, there are only two types of
speakers in the world: the nervous and the liars.
• Humorous
Nancy Pelosi set a record for the longest speech on the House
floor: 8 hours and 7 minutes. Relax. I only plan on taking 15
minutes of your valuable time.*
• This is a short summary of your
speech topic and your point of
view or angle.
• Example:
• Green politics is no longer a
fanciful, fringe fad. It is a
necessity.
• This segment establishes your right to speak on
the topic. It cites your qualification
or expertise.
• Using myself as an example, I can speak about preparing
speeches because I've written so many over the past ten
years. In addition, prior to becoming a professional
speech writer I taught high school level English and
drama. I also belong to the global public speaking club
Toastmasters and have Bachelor of Social Science,
majoring in English and psychology, from the University
of Waikato, New Zealand.
• This is a brief outline of the main points you
are going to cover.
• Example:
• Today I am going to share with you three
effective ways to lessen public speaking fear.
• The first and second cover aspects of
preparation: writing and rehearsal or
practice. The third is about the benefits of public
speaking.
• What's in your speech for your audience? Why will they
want to hear what you've got to tell them? Be specific.
Tell them.
• Example:
• When you make a decision to learn to speak up in public
you also receive the following benefits: confidence, the
ability to take on leadership roles, a growing collection of
presentation skills like story telling, how to use your voice,
the ability to use props well, how to listen, how to craft a
speech to meet the needs of specific audiences ... In short
you release the potential you have to become a bigger
and better you.
Sample Speech Outline -Step
Three - Body
This is the heart of your speech, the place where
you lay out what you want to share with your
audience.
Generally three main ideas, along with supporting
examples, work more effectively than four or five
or more. If you have a number of them to choose
from, go with your three strongest points. If one
of your final three is noticeably weaker sandwich
it between the other two.
If you intend to use visual aids (slides showing
graphs, tables or images), or actual props, mark
them in too.
 Transition
This is the link between your introduction and the
main body of your speech. How will you tie them
together?
• Note: If you're unsure about the exact nature of
links or transitions and how they work or what they
are, you'll find more about them, with examples,
on my page how to write a speech
• Main Idea 1 - Supporting ideas - Details and
examples - Visuals or props - Transition to...
• Main Idea 2 - Supporting ideas - Details and
examples - Visuals or props - Transition to...
• Main Idea 3 - Supporting ideas - Details and
examples - Visuals or props - Transition to...
Sample Speech Outline -Step
Four - Conclusion
There are four parts to preparing an
effective conclusion to your speech

Use them to draw together

and summarize all the
material from your
introduction and the
body of your speech, and
end with a clincher!
• Summary of main ideas
These are the main points you covered in the body of your
speech.
• Re-statement of thesis statement
Use the statement from your introduction to reinforce your
message.
• Re-statement of benefit to audience
Remind the audience of the benefits they'll receive through
carrying out whatever your propose. Again this comes from
your introduction.
• Closer, Clincher or Call to Action
This is your final sentence. To ensure your speech ends with a
bang rather than a whimper check out this page on how to
end a speech memorably. You'll find options and examples
Thank you
for
Listening