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    Programming With C++ - Lecture 1

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    This document provides an introduction to programming with C++ and object-oriented programming concepts. It defines a program as a set of instructions to perform a task. Computer languages are classified as low-level (machine-level), high-level (human-readable), or intermediate-level. Object-oriented programming models real-world objects like a person or door as objects that encapsulate both data and methods. Classes are used to group similar objects. Key concepts of object-orientation discussed are abstraction, encapsulation, aggregation/composition, and inheritance.

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    Programming With C++ - Lecture 1

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    Abdul baseer
    51 views14 pages
    This document provides an introduction to programming with C++ and object-oriented programming concepts. It defines a program as a set of instructions to perform a task. Computer languages are classified as low-level (machine-level), high-level (human-readable), or intermediate-level. Object-oriented programming models real-world objects like a person or door as objects that encapsulate both data and methods. Classes are used to group similar objects. Key concepts of object-orientation discussed are abstraction, encapsulation, aggregation/composition, and inheritance.

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    Programming with C++_Lecture 1

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    This document provides an introduction to programming with C++ and object-oriented programming concepts. It defines a program as a set of instructions to perform a task. Computer languages are classified as low-level (machine-level), high-level (human-readable), or intermediate-level. Object-oriented programming models real-world objects like a person or door as objects that encapsulate both data and methods. Classes are used to group similar objects. Key concepts of object-orientation discussed are abstraction, encapsulation, aggregation/composition, and inheritance.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    51 views14 pages

    Programming With C++ - Lecture 1

    Uploaded by

    Abdul baseer
    This document provides an introduction to programming with C++ and object-oriented programming concepts. It defines a program as a set of instructions to perform a task. Computer languages are classified as low-level (machine-level), high-level (human-readable), or intermediate-level. Object-oriented programming models real-world objects like a person or door as objects that encapsulate both data and methods. Classes are used to group similar objects. Key concepts of object-orientation discussed are abstraction, encapsulation, aggregation/composition, and inheritance.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 14

    1

    Programming with C++


    Lecture 1
    Sikander Naseem
    2

    Program
     Standard definition
    Set of instructions executed by a computer system
    to perform a task (function).

     Written in a language referred as computer


    languages
    3

    Computer languages classification


     Classified on the level of communication
    • Low level: Communication at the native level of computer e.g.
    machine language (binary code), Assembly languages.

    • High Level: Communication in emulated human like language e.g.


    Fortran, Cobol, Pascal, C++

    • Intermediate level: Sometime languages such as assembly


    languages and C are classified in intermediate level.
    4

    Comparison
     Low level  High Level
    • Efficient in execution Opposite
    • Difficult to read/write
    • Cross Device(hardware)
    implementation restrictions
    5

    Object oriented programing


     Object Technology
    • Object: Anything with which we can interact through
    human sense (Grammar reference)

    • The technology was first used in Simula programing


    language in 1960s, developed in Norway

    • In Simula Physical objects e.g. a Door is modeled as object


    which can be accessed by another object e.g. a Person
    6

    Object oriented programing


     Standard Programming structure: Sets of instructions
    with operations and data are separate aspects
     In context of Object Technology: Operations and Data
    are two portions of a single object.
     We can establish that the in object oriented program
    we have collection of well designed objects
    interacting with each other to perform a specific task
    (function).
    7

    Object oriented programing


    Mechanical system example with objects: Bodies with
    mass, Physical quantities (work, force heat)

    DATA DATA

    Object 1 Object 2

    Operations Operations
    Program in context of object technology
    8

    Object oriented programing


     Operation: Ears
    • the available methods for an object. Eyes
    Also referred as the functions of the
    object. Mouth
    • Means of interaction with other
    objects Legs
     Data:
    • Item or variables defining the Fig: Cow Object and its attributes
    attributes (properties) of the object
     Instructions: Operations: Running, eating, hearing
    • To pass the message to perform
    certain the operations
    9

    Object oriented programing


     For a Programmer Object is a black box for which
    • Data is given
    • Enabling it to lists its methods (operations)
    • Messaging between the objects ( e.g. instructing a pet to run)
    10

    Object oriented programing


     Objects for Programmer
    DATA DATA DATA
    Object X

    Operations Operations

    Operations Operations
    Object Y
    DATA DATA DATA
    11

    Object Classes
     Generally objects are grouped in Generic Classes

     For instance, object triangle, circle, square can be


    grouped together in class “Diagram”

     And objects Shan, Aziz can be grouped together in


    class “Person”
    12

    Object Classes
     Class templates: Contains basic data of an objects
    related to that class.
     For e.g. data types objects such as int “i”, string
    “s”
    Class Object
    Person Shan
    Diagram triangle
    Int i
    String s
    13

    Key Object Orientation concepts


     DIYS from Chapter 2
    • Abstraction
    • Encapsulation
    • Aggregation/composition
    • Inheritance
    14

    The End
    Thanks for coming

    Reference books:
    Turbo C++ by examples, Greg Perry and Marcus Johnson,
    1st Edition, Prentice Hall, Holis NH

    Programming with C++, SCHAUM’s outlines, John Hubbard,


    3rd Edition, McGraw Hill, New Delhi

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