Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 84 views

    Data Base Management System: Presented By-Babita Sharma

    Uploaded by

    babita_27
    This document discusses database management systems. It defines data and databases, explaining that a database is a collection of organized and related data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. It describes database normalization as the process of structuring tables to minimize redundant data and ensure consistency. The document outlines the goals and benefits of normalization, and provides examples to illustrate first and second normal forms. It also describes the architecture of a DBMS, including the external, conceptual, and internal levels, as well as instances and schemas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Data Base Management System: Presented By-Babita Sharma

    Uploaded by

    babita_27
    84 views12 pages
    This document discusses database management systems. It defines data and databases, explaining that a database is a collection of organized and related data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. It describes database normalization as the process of structuring tables to minimize redundant data and ensure consistency. The document outlines the goals and benefits of normalization, and provides examples to illustrate first and second normal forms. It also describes the architecture of a DBMS, including the external, conceptual, and internal levels, as well as instances and schemas.

    Original Description:

    dbms notes

    Original Title

    Data Base Management

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses database management systems. It defines data and databases, explaining that a database is a collection of organized and related data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. It describes database normalization as the process of structuring tables to minimize redundant data and ensure consistency. The document outlines the goals and benefits of normalization, and provides examples to illustrate first and second normal forms. It also describes the architecture of a DBMS, including the external, conceptual, and internal levels, as well as instances and schemas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    84 views12 pages

    Data Base Management System: Presented By-Babita Sharma

    Uploaded by

    babita_27
    This document discusses database management systems. It defines data and databases, explaining that a database is a collection of organized and related data that can be easily accessed, managed, and updated. It describes database normalization as the process of structuring tables to minimize redundant data and ensure consistency. The document outlines the goals and benefits of normalization, and provides examples to illustrate first and second normal forms. It also describes the architecture of a DBMS, including the external, conceptual, and internal levels, as well as instances and schemas.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 12

    Data Base Management System

    Presented by-
    Babita Sharma
    What is Data?
    • By data we mean known facts and figures that
    can be recorded and has an implicit meaning.
    A data can be said as raw information about
    anything.

    Data Processing Information


    What is Database?
    • A database is a collection of related data
    organised in a way that data can be easily
    accessed, managed and updated.
    What is Normalization?
    • Database normalization or normalization is
    the process of organizing the columns
    (attributes) and tables (relations) of a
    relational database to minimize data
    redundancy.
    Aims of Normalization
    • It ensures that the database is structured in
    the best possible way.
    • To achieve control over data redundancy.
    There should be no unnecessary duplication
    of data in different tables.
    • To ensure Data consistency.
    • To ensure tables have a flexible structure. Eg.
    Number of classes taken or books borrowed
    should not be limited.
    First Normal Form (1NF)
    • No two Rows of data must contain repeating
    group of information i.e. each set of column
    must have a unique value, such that multiple
    columns cannot be used to fetch the same
    row.
    • Each table should be organized into rows, and
    each row should have a primary key that
    distinguishes it as unique.
    For Example:
    • Student Table: • Student Table following
    1NF will be:
    Student Age Subject Student Age Subject

    Adam 15 Biology, Adam 15 Biology


    Maths
    Alex 14 Maths Adam 15 Maths

    Stuart 17 Maths
    Alex 14 Maths

    Stuart 17 Maths
    Second Normal Form(2NF)
    • New Student Table • New Subject introduced
    following 2NF will be: for 2NF will be:

    Student Age Student Subject


    Adam 15 Adam Biology
    Alex 14 Adam Maths
    Stuart 17 Alex Maths
    Stuart Maths
    Architecture of DBMS
    • External Level- It is the user’s view of the
    database. External view is the one which is
    closest to the end users. This level deals with the
    way in which individual users view data.
    • Conceptual Level- It is the community view of the
    database. This level describes what data is stored
    in database and the relationship among the data.
    This level contains the logical structure of the
    entire database.
    • Internal Level- It is the physical representation of
    the database on the computer. This level
    describes how the data is stored in the in the
    database. The internal level covers the physical
    implementation of the database to achieve
    optimal runtime performance and storage space
    utilization.
    • Instances- The collection of information
    stored in the database at a particular moment
    is called an instance of the database.
    • Schema- The overall design of the database is
    called the database schema. It defines how
    the data is organized and the relations among
    them are associated. The schema will remain
    the same while the values filled into it will
    change from time to time.
    Thank You

    You might also like