Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 74 views

    Therapeutic Modalities: Chapter 6 or 7

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pal Natt
    This document provides an overview of therapeutic modalities used in athletic training. It discusses modalities like cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, massage, and traction. For each modality, it outlines their indications, contraindications, types of applications, and effects on the body. The document also reviews topics like the electromagnetic spectrum, energy transfer mechanisms, and how intensity, duration and other factors influence treatment outcomes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Therapeutic Modalities: Chapter 6 or 7

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pal Natt
    74 views32 pages
    This document provides an overview of therapeutic modalities used in athletic training. It discusses modalities like cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, massage, and traction. For each modality, it outlines their indications, contraindications, types of applications, and effects on the body. The document also reviews topics like the electromagnetic spectrum, energy transfer mechanisms, and how intensity, duration and other factors influence treatment outcomes.

    Original Description:

    Electrotherapy modalities introduction

    Original Title

    Therapeutic Modalities_2

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document provides an overview of therapeutic modalities used in athletic training. It discusses modalities like cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, massage, and traction. For each modality, it outlines their indications, contraindications, types of applications, and effects on the body. The document also reviews topics like the electromagnetic spectrum, energy transfer mechanisms, and how intensity, duration and other factors influence treatment outcomes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    74 views32 pages

    Therapeutic Modalities: Chapter 6 or 7

    Uploaded by

    Ajay Pal Natt
    This document provides an overview of therapeutic modalities used in athletic training. It discusses modalities like cryotherapy, thermotherapy, ultrasound, electrotherapy, massage, and traction. For each modality, it outlines their indications, contraindications, types of applications, and effects on the body. The document also reviews topics like the electromagnetic spectrum, energy transfer mechanisms, and how intensity, duration and other factors influence treatment outcomes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 32

    Therapeutic Modalities

    Chapter 6 or 7
    Therapeutic Modalities
     Indication:A condition that could benefit from a
    specific modality.

     Contraindication: A condition that could be


    adversely affected if a particular modality is used.
    Electromagnetic Spectrum
     Electromagnetic Radiation
     Electromagnetic Spectrum
     IonizingRange
     Non-Ionizing Range
    Ionizing Range
     Energy readily alters the components of atoms.
     Used for X-rays and Treating Cancer.
     Not used by Athletic Trainers
    Non-Ionizing Range
     Ultraviolet- Superficial tissue treatment
     Infrared-
     Near Infrared- 5-10mm deep
     Far Infrared- <2mm deep

     Diathermy- Conversion
    Transfer of Energy
     Energy moves from an area of HIGH concentration
    to an area of LOW concentration.
     Radiation
     Conduction
     Convection
     Conversion
     Evaporation
    Radiation
     When the surrounding environment is hotter that
    the body the radiant heat is absorbed. No-contact
    is made.
     Short-wave Diathermy
     Microwave Diathermy
    Conduction
     Direct transfer of energy between two objects in
    physical contact with each other. Energy is
    transferred from the area of high temp. to the area
    of low temp.
     Ice packs
     Moist heat packs
     Paraffin
    Convection
     Much like conduction, but the medium moves
    across the body causing variations.
     Fluidotherapy
     Whirlpools
    Conversion
     Changes other energy forms into Heat.
     Ultrasound
     Microwave
     Liniments or Balms
    Evaporation
     Heat is absorbed by the liquid on the skins surface
    and cools the skin as it turns into a gaseous state.
     Vapocoolant sprays
     Alcohol
    Factors Affecting Transfer of Energy
     Density of Medium
     Reflection
     Refraction
     Absorption
     Law of Grotthus-Draper
    Energy’s Effect on Tissue
     Cosine law +/- 10ºF is acceptable
     Inverse Square Law E=Es/D²
     E= Resulting Energy
     Es= Source Energy
     D= Distance Squared
    Cryotherapy
     Heat Abstraction  Thermal Conductivity
     Depth of 5cm can be  Limb circumference
    cooled  Duration of application
     Change in Temperature
    depends on:
     Type of Agent
     Temp. difference between
    agent and tissue
     Amount of insulation
    Cryotherapy
     Leads to vasoconstriction
     Decreases tissue metabolism
     Decreases tissue permeability
     Decreases capillary permeability
     Decreases pain
     Decreases spasms
     Analgesic relief of pain
    Cryotherapy
     Ideal Temperature 32-65°F
     20-30 mins. (10-15 mins.) of treatment
     30+ mins. If a towel is used
     90 mins. Is the bodies rewarming period
     Four progressive sensations
     Cold Burning Aching Analgesia
    Types of Cryotherapy Applications
     Cryokinetics
     Ice Massage
     Ice Packs
     Cryocuffs
     Ice Immersion (Whirlpool)
     Contrast Bath
     Commercial Gel and Chemical Packs
    Types of Cryotherapy Applications
    cont.
     ControlledCold-Compression Units
     Vapocoolant sprays
    Cryotherapy
     Indications
     Acute or chronic pain, or muscle spasm
     Acute inflammation
     Post surgical pain or edema
     Superficial first-degree burns
     Facilitate mobilization
     Relieve Pain
     Decrease Muscle spasiticity
    Cryotherapy
     Contraindications
     Hypersensitivity
     Cold Allergy
     Circulatory or sensory impairment
     Reynaud’s disease
     Hypertension
     Open wounds
     Cardiac or respiratory disorders
     Nerve palsy
     Arthritis
    Thermotherapy
     Increases circulation
     Increases cellular metabolism
     Produces analgesic or sedative effect
     Helps resolve pain and muscle spasming
     Vasodilatation:
     Promotes Healing
     Increases Oxygen concentration
     Removes debris and waste products
    Thermotherapy
     Modes of use  Paraffin baths
     Conduction  Ultrasound

     Convection  Phonophoresis

     Radiation  Diathermy heat

     Types of Applications
     Whirlpools
     Hot tubs
     Jacuzzis
     Moist heat packs
    Ultrasound
     Indications  Contraindications
     Increase deep tissue heat  Hemorrhage
     Decrease inflammation  Infection
     Decrease muscle spasms
     Thrombophlebitis
     Suspected malignancy
     Decrease pain
     Impaired circulation or sensation
     Increase extensibility of
     Stress fracture sites
    collagen tissue
     Epiphyseal growth plates
     Decrease pain of neuromas
     Over the Eyes, Heart, Spine, or
     Decrease joint adhesions genitals
     Treat myositis ossificans
    Ultrasound
     Thermal effects
     Non-thermal effects
     Application of Ultrasound
     1MHz 3-5cm of penetration
     3MHz superficial tissues and tendons

     Continuous- 100%
     Pulsed- 10-50%
    Phonophoresis
     Ultrasound with drugs, used to increase absorption
    and penetration of drugs up to 5 or 6 cms
     Anti-inflammatory’s
     Cortisol
     Dexamethasone
     Salicylates
     Analgesics
     Lidocaine
    Electrotherapy
     Decrease pain
     Increase blood flow
     Increase Range of Motion
     Increase muscle strength
     Muscle re-education
     Facilitate absorption of medicines
    Electricity
     Flowsbetween two points
     DC- Direct-current
     Continuous one directional flow
     Used for pain modulation or muscular contraction also
    produce ion movement
     AC- Alternating-current
     Continuous two directional flow of ions
     Used for pain modulation or muscular contraction
    Electrotherapy

     Amplitude  Duty cycle


     Frequency  Duration of Treatment
     Pulse duration
     Pulse charge
     Electrode set-up
     Polarity
     Mode
    Electrotherapy
     TENS (transcutaneous  Low-Intensity Stimulation
    Electrical Nerve  Galvanic Stimulation
    Stimulation)  Russian current
     High-Voltage pulsed
     Faradic current
    stimulation
     Iontophoresis
     Neuromuscular Electrical
    Stimulation
     Interferential stimulation
    Massage
     Effleurage
     Petrissage
     Tapotement
     Vibration
     Friction
    Traction
     Indications  Contraindications
     Herniated disc  Unstable vertebrae
     Spinal nerve impingement
     Acute lumbage
     Spinal nerve inflammation
     Joint hypo-mobility  Gross emphysema

     Narrowing of intervertebral  S4 nerve root signs


    foramen  Temperomandibular joint
     Degenerative joint disease dysfunction
     Spondylolisthesis
     Patient discomfort
     Muscle spasm and guarding
     Joint pain
    Drugs
     Anti-inflammatory (NSAIDS)
     Anti-pyretic
     Analgesics

    You might also like