Presentation Title

OSHA Cranes & Derricks

Subpart CC
Presenter Name
Presenter Title
Event Name

October 1, 2010
CRANES & DERRICKS
Subpart CC
Effective Date: November 8, 2010
 HIGHLIGHTS
• Scope
• Definitions • Signal Person Qualifications
• Ground Conditions • Qualifications of Maintenance and
• Assembly/disassembly Repair Workers
• Power Line Safety • Training
• Inspections • Hoisting Personnel
• Wire Rope • Multiple Crane/Derrick Lifts
• Safety Devices • Design, Construction and Testing
• Operational Aids
• Equipment Modifications
• Operation
• Authority to Stop Operation • Tower Cranes
• Signals • Derricks
• Fall Protection • Floating Cranes & Land Cranes on
Barges
• Work Area Control
• Keeping Clear of the Load • Overhead and Gantry Cranes
• Free Fall and Controlled Load • Dedicated Pile Drivers
Lowering • Sideboom Cranes
• Operator Qualification and • Requirements for equipment w/ capacity
Certification of 2000 lbs and less
 SCOPE: WHAT
EQUIPMENT IS COVERED?
• Functional description

Can hoist, lower and horizontally move a

suspended load

&
• Long list of examples
 EXAMPLES LIST
• Articulating cranes (such as • Dedicated pile drivers
knuckle-boom cranes) • Service/mechanic trucks with a
• Crawler cranes hoisting device
• Floating cranes • Crane on a monorail
• Cranes on barges • Tower cranes (such as fixed jib
• Locomotive cranes (“hammerhead boom”), luffing
boom and self-erecting)
• Mobile cranes • Pedestal cranes
(such as wheel-mounted, rough-
terrain, all-terrain, commercial • Portal cranes
truck-mounted, and boom truck • Overhead and gantry cranes
cranes) • Straddle cranes
• Multi-purpose machines • Sideboom cranes
when configured to hoist and
lower (by means of a winch or • Derricks
hook) and horizontally move a
suspended load . . . and variations of such
• Industrial cranes (such as equipment.
carry-deck cranes)
 SCOPE
• Specific exclusions (such as for
power shovels, excavators, and
backhoes)

• Limited exclusions (such as for

digger derricks, articulating/knuckle-
boom truck cranes)
 GROUND CONDITIONS
Controlling Entity:
Provide adequate conditions

• Firm, drained
and graded

• Sufficient to
support crane
(in conjunction
with blocking,
mats, etc.)
 GROUND CONDITIONS
Controlling Entity
must Inform
equipment user &
operator of
known
underground
hazards
(voids, utilities, etc.)
A CHANGE MADE SINCE THE
RULE WAS PROPOSED

Information about ground conditions

now includes all information known
about ground conditions, including
written information in possession of the
controlling employer, whether on site or
off site.
ASSEMBLY / DISASSEMBLY
ASSEMBLY / DISASSEMBLY
• Two options:

Manufacturer procedures

or
Employer procedures
(criteria requirements)
 ASSEMBLY / DISASSEMBLY
• General requirements, such as:
– A/D Director = “competent & qualified person”
– A/D Director must:
• Understand procedures
• Review procedures (unless A/D Director has used
them before)
• Check that crew members understand their tasks,
hazards
– Follow manufacturer’s prohibitions
– All rigging work is done by a Qualified Rigger
– When using outriggers - fully extend or deploy as
per the load chart
 CHANGES MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED

• Qualified Rigger – adds requirements that

employers must use a qualified rigger for rigging
operations during assembly/disassembly and
other activities when workers must be in the fall
zone to handle a load. (§1926.1404 and §
1926.1425)

• Synthetic Slings – adds requirements (i.e.,

padding) for use of synthetic slings in rigging. (§
1926.1404(r))
POWER LINES
 POWER LINES
• Identify Work Zone

Work Zone =

Marking boundaries
or
360 degrees around crane up to
maximum working radius
 Could you get within 20
feet of power line?

YES NO

Option #1
Deenergize &
Ground
No further
Encroachment
action
Option #2 Prevention Measures
20-foot (Equipment Operations)
clearance • Planning meeting
• If tag lines used Non-conductive
Option #3 • Elevated warning lines, barricade
Ask Utility for or line of signs
Voltage and
Use Table A •PLUS (Choose one):
(with minimum
clearance distance) • Proximity alarm, spotter, warning
device, range limiter, or insulating link
Table A – Minimum Clearance Distances
Voltage (nominal, kV, Minimum clearance
alternating current) distance (feet)
up to 50 10
over 50 to 200 15
over 200 to 350 20
over 350 to 500 25
over 500 to 750 35
over 750 to 1000 45
over 1000 (as established by the power line
owner/operator or registered
professional engineer who is a
qualified person with respect to
electrical power transmission and
distribution)
Intentionally Working Closer Than Table A Zone
Must Show: All of the following are required:
• Staying outside zone 1. Power line owner – sets minimum
is infeasible approach distance
• Infeasible to 2. Planning meeting – minimum procedures
deenergize and - Dedicated spotter
ground - Elevated warning line or barricade
- Insulating link/device
- Nonconductive rigging
- Range limiter (if equipped)
- Nonconductive tag line (if used)
- Barricades - 10 feet from equipment
- Limit access to essential workers
- Prohibit non-operator workers from
touching above insulating link
- Properly ground crane
- Deactivate automatic re-energizer
- Insulating line cover-up installed
 CHANGE MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED

Electric Utilities – employers whose

employees are qualified to perform power
distribution and transmission work are
considered to be in compliance with §§
1926.1407-1926.1411 of subpart CC
(power lines sections) when performing
subpart V work in accordance with §
1910.269. (§ 1926.1400(g))
CRANES & DERRICKS
OPERATOR CERTIFICATION
 WORKER PARTICIPATION
• Training
– Workers must be trained to recognize and
avoid hazards.
– Workers must understand this training
• Provided in a manner they understand
– Oral/written training
• Provided in a language they understand
– Some Spanish language materials are already available
through OSHA
 OPERATOR
QUALIFICATION /
CERTIFICATION
• OPTION 1:
Accredited testing organization
• OPTION 2:
Audited employer program
• OPTION 3:
U.S. military
• OPTION 4:
State/local gov’t license
A CHANGE MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED
The final rule now requires that employers
must comply with local and state licensing
regulations that meet requirements of §
1926.1427(e) and (j). (§ 1926.1427(a))
 OPERATOR
QUALIFICATION / Testing Criteria
CERTIFICATION • Knowledge (written test):
– Controls/performance
• OPTION 1: characteristics
Accredited testing – Calculate capacity
organization
– Preventing power line
• OPTION 2: contact
Audited employer – Ground conditions &
program equipment support
• OPTION 3: – Use and locate info in
U.S. military operating manual
• OPTION 4: – Appendix C subjects
State/local license • Practical test
Option 1: Accredited Testing Organization

Nationally Recognized Accrediting Agency

Determines
compliance
with testing & test
administration Accredited Testing
criteria Organization

Develops and administers

the tests (written & Different tests for
Different capacity/
practical) to certify
type of equipment
operators
Option 2: Audited Employer Program

Accredited testing
organization

Audited Employer
Certifies
Program

Auditor Compliance Employer-

with testing & test administered
administration criteria
written &
practical
tests
Option 3: U.S. Military

U.S. Military

Issues Operator
Qualification
Option 4: State/local government license

State/local
government authority
that oversees
licensing office

Determines license office complies State/local

with testing/test administration government license
criteria office

Issues operator license

 CHANGES MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED

• Certification Costs for Operators –

employers must pay for certification or
qualification of their currently uncertified or
unqualified operators. (§ 1926.1427(a)(4))
 CHANGES MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED
• Test Administration and Language Requirements
– written tests may be administered in a
language understood by the operator candidate.
(§ 1926.1427(h))

• Certification – clarifies that when the operator’s

testing is based on a language other than
English it must be noted on the certificate. (§
1926.1427(h))
 CHANGE MADE SINCE THE RULE WAS
PROPOSED

Audited Employer Program – now

specifies that the audit must be conducted
in accordance with nationally recognized
auditing standards. (§ 1926.1427(c))
 OPERATOR QUALIFICATION /
CERTIFICATION
Portable Valid
Accredited testing YES * 5 years
organization
Audited Employer NO 5 years
Program
U.S. Military license NO * Set by issuing entity
State/local license NO * Set by issuing
Valid only in entity, not > 5 years
jurisdiction
* Subject to State & Local requirements and whether or not the military/state training meets
accredited requirements.
 OPERATOR QUALIFICATION /
CERTIFICATION
November 8, 2010: State or local license required if (1) working within a
state or locality that has licensing requirements and (2) the licensing program
meets the licensing and certification criteria listed in subpart CC.

November 8, 2010-November 10, 2014: Employer must ensure that all

operators are competent to operate the equipment safely and are trained and
evaluated on that training before operating the equipment.

November 10, 2014: All operators must be certified or qualified.

 SIGNALS
• Signal person –
• Signal Types:
when required:
– Hand, voice,
audible or – Point of operation
“new” not in full view of
– Only time an operator
operator can
use a cell – View of direction of
phone while travel is obstructed
lifting (but must
be hands free) – Site-specific safety
concerns
 SIGNAL PERSON
• Qualification Requirements:
– Know & understand signals

– Competent in using signals

– Basic understanding of crane operation

– Verbal or written test plus practical test

 SIGNAL PERSON
Qualifications

Qualified how Documentation Portable

Third party qualified Yes Yes

evaluator

Employer qualified Yes No

evaluator
CRANES & DERRICKS

INSPECTIONS
 INSPECTIONS
Type of Inspection: Who Inspects:

Modified or Qualified person

repaired/adjusted
Post-assembly Qualified person

Shift Competent person

Monthly Competent person

Annual Qualified person

 CHANGES MADE SINCE THE
RULE WAS PROPOSED
 Inspections – all documentation required by the
inspection provisions must be available to all inspectors
performing required inspections (including wire rope
inspections). (§§ 1926.1412 & 1926.1413)

 Pre-Erection Inspection for Tower Cranes – adds a

requirement to include inspection of crane components
after transportation to the work site and prior to erection
of the crane. (§ 1926.1435)
 OPERATIONS
• Operations procedures must be developed by a
qualified person when the manufacturer’s procedures
are unavailable.

• Procedures related to the capacity of the equipment

must be developed by a registered professional
engineer (familiar with the equipment) when the
manufacturer’s procedures are unavailable.

• This information must be readily available in the cab

of the crane.
 OPERATIONS
Operators cannot be engaged in activities that
distract her or his attention while operating the
equipment (for example, no cellular phone use
unless used for signaling).
 KEEPING CLEAR OF THE
LOAD
• When workers must be in the fall zone to
handle a load, the load must be rigged by
a qualified rigger.
 FALL PROTECTION
• Fall protection requirements are specified in
the final rule.

• Training is required regarding the criteria and

use of fall protection systems that is
consistent with 29 CFR 1926 subpart M.

• Anchor points for fall protection systems must

meet subpart M requirements and criteria.
SAFETY DEVICES AND
OPERATIONAL AIDS
 SAFETY DEVICES
• Safety devices are required and
must be operational at all times

• Include:
– Crane level indicator
– Boom/Jib stops (except derricks)
– Integral holding device/check valve
for outrigger and stabilizer jacks
OPERATIONAL AIDS

Operational aids are required but

temporary alternative measures are
also allowed while operational aids
are being repaired.
OPERATIONAL AIDS

Boom hoist limiting device, luffing

jib limiting device, and anti two-
blocking device.

Replacement of parts:

Must be repaired within 7 days of

discovery of deficiency.
 OPERATIONAL AIDS
Category II Devices
Boom angle or radius indicator, boom length
indicator, load weighing devices, jib angle
indicator, outrigger/stabilizer position
sensor/monitor, and hoist drum rotation indicator.
Replacement of parts:
Must be repaired within 30 days of discovery of
deficiency.
 OPERATIONAL AIDS

Exception: employer has documented that it

ordered the part and then repaired the
equipment within 7 days of receipt of the
replacement part.
CHANGE MADE SINCE THE
RULE WAS PROPOSED
When any necessary repairs
or adjustments are needed for
the equipment and alternative
methods are being
implemented, the employer
must communicate this
information to all affected
employees at the beginning of
each shift. (§ 1926.1417(j))
TOWER CRANES
 TOWER CRANES
SUPPLEMENTAL REQUIREMENTS
Some supplemental tower crane
requirements
• Foundations & structural supports
– Design & Inspection
• Plumb tolerance
– Specification & verification
• Climbing procedures
– Host structure strength verification
– Wind
• Post-erection load test
• Monthly Inspection: tower mast bolts, upper-most
tie-in, braces, floor supports, floor wedges
 Required Documentation
Includes
• Monthly & annual inspection reports for
the equipment and wire rope
• Modifications that affect the safe use of
the equipment
• Operator and signal person qualifications
• Tower crane foundation/support design
• When repairs or adjustments of the
equipment are needed
 Required Documentation
Includes
• Employer-developed procedures (i.e.,
assembly/disassembly, operational, and
other procedures related to the safe
operation of the equipment)
• Power line encroachment
procedures/plan
 STATE PLAN STATES
AK

ME
Federal OSHA
WASH
VT
Comprehensive MONT NH MA
N. DAK
State Plan OREG
MINN
NY RI
WIS
State Plan IDAHO
S. DAK
MI CT
Public Sector Only WYO PA
NJ
CALIF IOWA
OH DE
NEV IND
UTAH NEBR ILL
WV
VA
MD
COLO KY
KANSAS MO
NC
TENN
OKLA SC
ARIZ ARK
N. MEX
Puerto Rico-
ALA GA Comprehensive
Federal: MISS
District of Columbia LA
TEXAS Virgin Islands-
Guam Public Sector
HI
American Samoa FLA Only
Trust territories
 STATE PLAN STATES
• States must set job safety and health standards that
are “at least as effective as” comparable federal
standards.
• Although most states adopt standards identical to
federal ones, there is some flexibility. Therefore,
cranes and derricks standards may differ in states
operating their own plans.
• Some states already have their own cranes and
derricks standards in place. Their regulations must be
“at least as effective as” the federal standard.
• Go to www.osha.gov/dcsp/osp for more information on
state plan states.
 WORKER
PARTICIPATION
 WORKER PARTICIPATION
• The participation of workers is a vital
component of any workplace injury and
illness prevention program; workers are
the best eyes and ears for identifying
hazards. Workers must be trained on the
hazards they face and ways to prevent the
hazards.
 WORKER PARTICIPATION
• Workers have a right to a safe and healthy
workplace
• Workers have a right to report safety
issues without fear of retaliation
• Workers may report safety concerns to
OSHA at 1-800-321-OSHA