Polio and Polio Vaccine
Polio and Polio Vaccine
Polio and Polio Vaccine
• Three serotypes: 1, 2, 3
0 20 40 60 80 100
Percent
Poliovirus Epidemiology
• Reservoir Human
• Transmission Fecal-oral
Oral-oral possible
20000
15000
Cases
0
1950 1956 1962 1968 1974 1980 1986 1992 1998
14
VAPP Imported
12
10
Cases
8
6
4
2
0
1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000
*2001 provisional data
Poliovirus Vaccine
• 1955 Inactivated vaccine
• Contains 2-phenoxyethanol,
neomycin, streptomycin, polymyxin B
Oral Polio Vaccine
• Contains 3 serotypes of vaccine virus
• VAPP eliminated
Polio Vaccination Schedule
Age Vaccine Interval
2 months IPV ---
4 months IPV 4 wks
6-18 months IPV 4 wks
4-6 years IPV 4 wks
Schedules that Include
Both IPV and OPV
• Only IPV is available in the United
States
• Incomplete series
–administer remaining doses in
series
–no need to restart series
Polio Vaccine Adverse Reactions
• Rare local reactions (IPV)
• Hotline 800.232.2522
• Email [email protected]
• Website www.cdc.gov/nip