Renaissance

ART MOVEMENTS
Renaissance
• From French: Renaissance "re-
birth", Italian: Rinascimento, from
rinascere "to be reborn")
• Was a cultural movement that spanned the
period roughly from the 14th to the 17th
century, beginning in Italy in the Late Middle
Ages and later spreading to the rest of Europe.
Renaissance
• The word Renaissance was first used and
defined by French historian Jules Michelet (1798–
1874), in his 1855 work, Histoire de France,
whose literal translation from French into English
is "Rebirth".
• The word Renaissance has also been extended to
other historical and cultural movements, such as
the Carolingian Renaissance and the Renaissance
of the 12th century.
Early Renaissance
• Early Renaissance, mostly in Italy, bridges the
art period during the fifteenth century,
between the Middle Ages and the High
Renaissance in Italy
• One of the distinguishing features of
Renaissance art was its development of highly
realistic linear perspective. The development
of perspective was part of a wider trend
towards realism in the arts.
Early Renaissance
• Painters also developed other techniques,
studying light, shadow, and, famously in the
case of Leonardo da Vinci, human anatomy.
• There was a renewed desire to depict the
beauty of nature, and to unravel the axioms
of aesthetics, with the works of
Leonardo, Michelangelo and Raphael represen
ting artistic pinnacles that were to be much
imitated by other artists.
Early Renaissance Artists
Leonardo da Vinci
• Was an Italian
Renaissance polymath: painter,
sculptor, architect, musician,
mathematician, engineer,
inventor, anatomist,
geologist, cartographer, botanist,
and writer.
• He is widely considered to be one
of the greatest painters of all
time and perhaps the most
diversely talented person ever to
have lived.
Leonardo da Vinci (The Mona Lisa)
• The painting, thought to be a portrait
of Lisa Gherardini, the wife of Francesco
del Giocondo, is in oil on a poplar panel,
and is believed to have been painted
between 1503 and 1506.
• The ambiguity of the subject's expression,
which is frequently described as
enigmatic, the monumentality of the
composition, the subtle modeling of
forms and the atmospheric illusionism
were novel qualities that have contributed
to the continuing fascination and study of
the work.
• On permanent display at the Musée du
Louvre in Paris since 1797.
Leonardo da Vinci (The Last Supper)
• is a late 15th
century mural painting
by Leonardo da Vinci in the
refectory of the Convent of Santa
Maria della Grazie, Milan.
• The Last Supper specifically portrays the reaction given by

each apostle when Jesus said one of them would betray him.
All twelve apostles have different reactions to the news, with
various degrees of anger and shock.
Michelangelo
• Michelangelo di Lodovico Buonarroti
Simoni (6 March 1475 – 18 February
1564), commonly known
as Michelangelo, was an Italian
Renaissance sculptor, painter,
architect, poet, and engineer who
exerted an unparalleled influence on
the development of Western art.
• Michelangelo was considered the
greatest living artist in his lifetime, and
ever since then he has been held to be
one of the greatest artists of all time.
Michelangelo (Pieta)
• The Pietà (1498–1499) is
a masterpiece of Renaissance s
culpture, housed in St. Peter's
Basilica in Vatican City
• This famous work of art depicts
the body of Jesus on the lap of
his mother Mary after
the Crucifixion.
• It is an important work as it
balances
the Renaissance ideals
of classical beauty with
naturalism.
Michelangelo (David)
• David is a masterpiece of Renaissance
sculpture created between 1501 and 1504.
• It is a 5.17-metre (17.0 ft)marble statue
of the Biblical hero David, a favoured
subject in the art of Florence.
• Originally commissioned as one of a series
of statues of prophets to be positioned
along the roofline of the east end
of Florence Cathedral, the statue was
instead placed in a public square, outside
the Palazzo della Signoria, the seat of civic
government in Florence, where it was
unveiled on 8 September 1504.
Michelangelo (The Creation of Adam)
• A fresco painting
by Michelangelo, which forms
part of the Sistine Chapel's
ceiling, painted c. 1511–1512. It
illustrates the Biblical creation
narrative from the Book of
Genesis in which God breathes
life into Adam, the first man.
Donatello
• Donato di Niccolò di Betto Bardi (c.
1386 – 13 December 1466), better
known as Donatello was an early
Renaissance sculptor
from Florence. He studied classical
sculpture, and used this to develop
a fully Renaissance style.
• His best-known works were mostly
statues in the round.
Donatello (The bronze David)
• Donatello's bronze statue of David (circa
1440s) is famous as the first unsupported
standing work of bronze cast during
the Renaissance, and the first freestanding
nude male sculpture made since antiquity.
• Depicts David with an enigmatic smile,
posed with his foot on Goliath's severed
head just after defeating the giant. The
youth is completely naked, apart from
a laurel-topped hat and boots, bearing the
sword of Goliath.
Raphael
• Raffaello Sanzio da Urbino (April
6 or March 28, 1483 – April 6,
1520), known as Raphael was
an Italian painter and architect of
the High Renaissance.
• His work is admired for its clarity
of form, ease of composition,
and visual achievement of
the Neoplatonic ideal of human
grandeur.
Raphael (The Mond Crucifixion)
• The painting shows Jesus on the
cross, who is looking peaceful even
though he is dying.
• There are two angels catching his
blood in chalices. On Jesus' left
kneels Mary Magdalene, with John
the Evangelist standing behind her.
On his right Mary stands, and St.
Jerome, to whom the altar was
dedicated, is kneeling.
Venetian and Northern Renaissance
• Concurrently, in the Netherlands, a particularly
vibrant artistic culture developed.
• The Renaissance in the Low Countries is the cultural
period that roughly corresponds to the 16th century
in the Low Countries.
• In 1500 the Seventeen Provinces were in a personal
union under the Burgundian Dukes, and with
the Flemish cities as centers of gravity, culturally and
economically formed one of the richest parts of
Europe.
Northern Renaissance Artists
Pieter Bruegel
• Pieter Bruegel (Brueghel) the Elder
(c. 1525 – 9 September 1569) was
a Flemish Renaissance painter and
printmaker known for
his landscapes and peasant scenes
(so called genre painting)
• He is sometimes referred to as the
"Peasant Bruegel." From 1559 he
dropped the 'h' from his name and
signed his paintings as Bruegel.
Pieter Bruegel
(The Blind Leading the Blind)
• A tempera-on-canvas dating
from 1568 and housed in the
Capo di monte
Museum, Naples,
southern Italy. Other titles
include Blind and The Parable
of the Blind.
• The painting is based upon a
saying of Jesus that appears in
the Gospels: "Can the blind
lead the blind? Will they not
both fall into the ditch?"
Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s “The Peasants' Dance”

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ART MOVEMENTS

• The Last Supper specifically portrays the reaction given by

Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s “The Peasants' Dance”

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