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    Presentation UPPTCL 400KV Substation Motiram Adda, Gorakhpur

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    Anik Goyal
    This document provides a summary of a summer training report on a 400kV substation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It describes the key components of the substation including isolators, circuit breakers, lightning arrestors, transformers, control rooms, and protective relays. It also provides brief explanations of the different types of equipment used such as current transformers, voltage transformers, reactors, capacitors, and wave traps. The trainee concluded they learned about the working of transmitting substations and power transmission through Uttar Pradesh.

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    Presentation UPPTCL 400KV Substation Motiram Adda, Gorakhpur

    Uploaded by

    Anik Goyal
    4K views23 pages
    This document provides a summary of a summer training report on a 400kV substation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It describes the key components of the substation including isolators, circuit breakers, lightning arrestors, transformers, control rooms, and protective relays. It also provides brief explanations of the different types of equipment used such as current transformers, voltage transformers, reactors, capacitors, and wave traps. The trainee concluded they learned about the working of transmitting substations and power transmission through Uttar Pradesh.

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    Presentation UPPTCL 400KV Substation Motiram Adda, Gorakhpur-273010

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    This document provides a summary of a summer training report on a 400kV substation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It describes the key components of the substation including isolators, circuit breakers, lightning arrestors, transformers, control rooms, and protective relays. It also provides brief explanations of the different types of equipment used such as current transformers, voltage transformers, reactors, capacitors, and wave traps. The trainee concluded they learned about the working of transmitting substations and power transmission through Uttar Pradesh.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    4K views23 pages

    Presentation UPPTCL 400KV Substation Motiram Adda, Gorakhpur

    Uploaded by

    Anik Goyal
    This document provides a summary of a summer training report on a 400kV substation in Uttar Pradesh, India. It describes the key components of the substation including isolators, circuit breakers, lightning arrestors, transformers, control rooms, and protective relays. It also provides brief explanations of the different types of equipment used such as current transformers, voltage transformers, reactors, capacitors, and wave traps. The trainee concluded they learned about the working of transmitting substations and power transmission through Uttar Pradesh.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 23

    SUMMER TRAINING REPORT

    ON
    400KV SUBSTATION
    UTTAR PRADESH POWER TRANSMISSION CARPORATION
    LIMITED
    MOTTIRAM ADDA,GORAKHPUR(U.P.)
    SUBMITTED BY:
    RAHUL NAIN (EE)
    FINAL YEAR(1204210045)
    Electric substation and its overview
    Single Line Diagram
    Isolator and switches
    Circuit breaker
    Lightning arrestor
    Current transformer
    Capacitive voltage transformer
    Protective relays
    Power transformer
    Control room and Relay room
    Battery room
    Wave trap
    Reference
    Electrical Substation are mainly three
    types:-
    1.Generating substation (Thermal , hydroelectric ,nuclear)
    2.Transmission substation
    maintain symmetric configuration of conductor in each phase with proper
    transposition , use ACSR bundled conductor .
    3.Receiving and Distribution substation
    Use ring main and radial distribution system.
    The whole substation is divided in two parts: 400kv & 220kv site. The civil work is
    completed by L&T Company. Other part of project Design, Engineering,
    Manufacture, Supply, Erection, Testing and Commissioning of Bays is completed
    by CGL.
    In 400/220kv switchyard following outdoor instrument used:
    Two 165MVA 220/132kv autotransformers one 315MVA 400/220kv
    autotransformer, one 250MVA autotransformer, Two 31.5MVAR shunt reactor,15
    lighting tower, SF6 circuit breaker, Capacitor voltage transformer(CVT) Current
    transformer(CT).
    In switchyard one room for emulsifire system and one for generator system is also
    present. In 400kv switchyards following lines are present for incoming and
    outgoing power.
    400kv Incoming 1. PGCIL I 2. PGCIL II (GIDA Sahjanwa) 3. UPPCL
    Azamgarh
    220kv Outgoing 1. Deoria 2. Baraunhua
    ISOLATORS USED IN SUB-STATION

    1. Pentograph isolator: 2 . Double break isolator:


    Here central insulator stack can swing
    For closing the contact linkage of pantograph about its vertical axis about 90 degree.
    are brought nearer by rotating the insulating And provide double break.
    column. and current is carried by upper bus bar
    to lower bus bar through conduction arm of
    pantograph.

    While opening rotating insulating column is


    rotated about its axes .so by blades collapse in
    vertical position and isolation is obtained.
    1. load break switch Provide function of both isolator
    and switch and used for breaking load current.

    2. Earth switch:
    Connected between line conductor and earth. Normally it is
    open. When line is disconnected the earth switch is closed
    so as to discharge the voltage trapped on the line
    Across capacitance between line and earth .

    So before starting maintenance work these voltage are


    discharged to earth by closing the switch. They are
    mounted on the frame of isolator .

    Sequence of operation of opening/closing switch :

    While opening: 1. Open circuit breaker


    2.open isolator
    3.close earth switch

    While closing: 1.open earth switch


    2.close isolator
    3.close circuit breaker

    So isolator operated only at no load condition.so not have any current


    making and breaking capacity .
    A protective device for limiting surge voltages by discharging or bypassing surge
    current, and it also prevents the flow of follow current while remaining capable of
    repeating these functions.
    At the heart of all arresters is Metal Oxide Varistor (MOV). The MOV disk is a
    semiconductor that is sensitive to voltage. At normal voltage, the MOV disk is an
    insulator and will not conduct current. But at higher (extreme) voltage caused by
    lightning or any surges, it becomes a conductor.
    Protective relay
    For switchyard protections following type
    relays are used:

    1.Over current relay

    2.Earth fault relay

    3.Differential relay

    4.Directional relay

    5. Buchholz relay

    6. IDMT relay
    Overcurrent Relay: The relay which operates
    when the current exceeds the preset value is
    called the overcurrent relay. The preset value is 4.very inverse relay
    called the pickup value.
    Types here core does not saturate easily and on higher
    1.Instantaneous overcurrent relay. value of current time of operation become
    As soon as fault occur relay operate. constant.
    Operating time = .1 sec

    2.Inverse time current relay


    have inverse relation between acuating quantity
    and time of operation .
    DISTANCE RELAY
    3.Inverse definite minimum time current
    relay
    as current increase more then time of operation
    become constant.
    Buchholz relay:
    Diffrential relay
    The Buchholz Relay is used as a protective Used for the protection of alternator and
    device sensitive to the effects of dielectric transformer.
    failure inside and inter turn fault in
    transformer.

    Operate when operation torque (i1s-i2s) is


    greater then pick up value.
    REACTORS AND CAPACITOR :
    1.SHUNT REACTOR
    Installed at sending and receiving end of line 2. SERIES REACTOR
    and use to reduce Ferranti effect. Installed at sending and receiving end of line
    and use to reduce current ripple.

    3.Shunt capacitor
    Installed at receiving end to make
    receiving end voltage equal to sending
    end voltage.
    CIRCUIT BREAKERS :-
    Electrical circuit breaker is a switching device
    which can be operated manually as well as
    automatically for controlling and protection of
    electrical power system .
    In this substation almost all the circuit breakers
    are SF6 type circuit breakers.
    There is a switchable series resistance along
    with the C.B. as shown here. It is inserted while
    closing the circuit breakers for a short time.
    This resistor, hence, limits the charging current
    of the lines stray capacitance.

    Circuit breaker operation


    Differntiation between power transformer and distribution transformer
    1. Power transformer are operated on full load or are switched while
    distribution transformer are operated at 70 to 75% full load capacity.

    2.Power transformer efficiency is design for full load operation so iron loss has
    higher value than distribution transformer.

    3.Power transformer has small size. than distribution transformer . Because


    higher flux density in result in smaller area.
    POWER TRANSFORMER USED AT SUBSTATION -

    This substation has two type of power


    transformers:
    1) 400 KV 220 KV and
    2) 220 KV 132 KV
    The cooling system employed is forced air
    forced oil.
    The cooling systems of transformers are
    315MVA Transformer
    automatically controlled. Once the temperature
    reaches 70 C, the cooling system starts and as
    temperature reaches 60 C, the systems
    switches OFF.
    The supply to the cooling system is given from
    the substation supply transformer

    220 KVA TRANSFORMER


    The control panels and relays of the substation require DC supply of
    220 V. This DC supply is made with the help of battery bank reserve
    normally kept in a separate room called Battery room.
    The batteries used in this substation are Nickel-Cadmium (Ni-Cd)
    batteries.
    Current transformer:
    .
    Current Transformers (CTs) are instrument
    transformers that are used to supply a reduced
    value of current to meters, protective relays, and
    other instruments. CTs provide isolation from
    the
    high voltage primary, permit grounding of the
    secondary for safety, and step-down the Error:
    magnitude of the measured current to a value 1.Ratio error
    that can be safely handled by the instruments. Happen due to no load current
    component.
    2. Phase angle error :
    Due to not having exactly 180
    degree phase angle difference
    between primary and reverse
    secondary current.
    Capacitor voltage transformer

    In high and extra high voltage transmission


    systems, capacitor voltage transformers (CVTs)
    are used to provide potential outputs to metering
    instruments and protective relays.
    Wave trap:-
    As the communication signal frequency is much different from line frequency and
    also the voltage level is too low, it is quite necessary to separate the power signal
    and communication signal.
    This task is performed by a wave trap which simply consists of L-C series and
    parallel
    A wave trap is used on those transmission lines which are equipped with PLCC
    (Power Line Carrier Communication).
    Filters.
    Through this training I come to about transmitting
    substation working . The Uttar Pradesh Power
    Corporation Limited has got radio communication in
    microwave range in order to transmit and receive data with
    various Substations in Uttar Pradesh to get reliable
    transmission and distribution of electricity.
    C.L.Wadhwa Electrical Power System, 6th Edition

    Wikipedia

    Power Station Manual Of UPPCL, Motiram adda, Gorakhpur

    . Switch gear and protection by sunil.s.rao.

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