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    Lecture 07 Mechanical Properties 2

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    antoine demeire
    This document discusses mechanical properties testing and fundamentals of stress and strain. It covers topics like yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility, resilience, true stress/strain, engineering stress/strain, the relationship between stress and temperature, necking behavior, work hardening, and elastic recovery. Equations for computing properties like true stress, true strain, modulus of resilience, and reductions in area are provided. Callister's materials science text is recommended for further reading on these topics along with example problems.

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    Lecture 07 Mechanical Properties 2

    Uploaded by

    antoine demeire
    52 views20 pages
    This document discusses mechanical properties testing and fundamentals of stress and strain. It covers topics like yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility, resilience, true stress/strain, engineering stress/strain, the relationship between stress and temperature, necking behavior, work hardening, and elastic recovery. Equations for computing properties like true stress, true strain, modulus of resilience, and reductions in area are provided. Callister's materials science text is recommended for further reading on these topics along with example problems.

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    Lecture 07 Mechanical properties 2.ppt

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    This document discusses mechanical properties testing and fundamentals of stress and strain. It covers topics like yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility, resilience, true stress/strain, engineering stress/strain, the relationship between stress and temperature, necking behavior, work hardening, and elastic recovery. Equations for computing properties like true stress, true strain, modulus of resilience, and reductions in area are provided. Callister's materials science text is recommended for further reading on these topics along with example problems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    52 views20 pages

    Lecture 07 Mechanical Properties 2

    Uploaded by

    antoine demeire
    This document discusses mechanical properties testing and fundamentals of stress and strain. It covers topics like yield strength, tensile strength, modulus of elasticity, ductility, resilience, true stress/strain, engineering stress/strain, the relationship between stress and temperature, necking behavior, work hardening, and elastic recovery. Equations for computing properties like true stress, true strain, modulus of resilience, and reductions in area are provided. Callister's materials science text is recommended for further reading on these topics along with example problems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 20

    Mechanical Properties:

    fundamentals and Tensile,


    Hardness and Impact Testing
    -2-
    Outcomes and Expectations

    Learn the concept of stress and strain


    Ductility (elongation and cross-section
    area)
    Modulus of resilience
    True stress and true strain
    Computation of working stress for ductile
    materials
    YIELDING IS:
    PERMANENT
    DEFORMATION

    MICROMECHANISM:
    BREAKING AND
    REFORMATION OF BONDS
    FLOW STRENGTH
    STRESS
    0.3 STRAIN
    FLOW STRESS

    0.1 STRAIN
    FLOW STRESS

    0.1 0.3 STRAIN


    WORK HARDENING
    STRESS

    STRAIN
    WORK HARDENING
    STRESS

    YS
    YS

    STRAIN
    WORK HARDENING RATE DECREASES WITH
    INCREASING PLASTIC STRAIN

    STRESS

    STRAIN
    MICROMECHANISM OF
    WORK HARDENING

    Formation of crystallographic
    defects
    ELASTIC RECOVERY
    STRESS

    STRAIN AS LOADED
    (INSTANTANEOUS STRAIN)

    PERMANENT STRAIN AFTER STRAIN


    ELASTIC RECOVERY
    ELASTIC RECOVERY INCREASES
    WITH PLASTIC STRAIN
    STRESS

    Elastic recovery
    calculated by:
    Flow Stress /
    Modulus

    STRAIN
    Ultimate Tensile Strength
    NECK BEGINS AT UTS

    STRESS BECAUSE
    DEFORMATION IS
    INHOMOGENOUS

    DEFORMATION
    CONTINUES AT
    NECK BECAUSE:

    STRESS IS HIGHER

    STRAIN
    UTS AND NECKING
    ONLY OCCUR IN
    TENSILE TEST
    Ductility
    strain at fracture l f l0
    % EL ( ) x100
    l0
    A f A0
    Reduction in x- % AR ( ) x100
    A0
    sect area
    One indication of 'workability'

    Degree to which a structure will deform plastically


    before fracture

    Specifies the degree of allowable deformation during


    fabrication operations
    EFFECT OF TEMP ON FLOW CURVE
    STRESS
    LOWER
    TEMP LOWER TEMP?

    ROOM TEMP

    HIGHER TEMP

    STRAIN
    Micromechanism
    Temp assists in atom movement
    Typical Tensile Stress-Strain
    Behaviour
    True stress and strain
    Instantaneous area
    during tensile and compression test,
    (not shear)
    area continuously changes F
    T
    instantaneous stress is true stress Ai
    Also: length continuously changes
    at spec length li, if spec length increased by dl,
    then dl
    instantaneous strain
    l1 li
    dl li
    True strain T ln
    l0 l l0
    If there is no volume change during deformation
    T (1 ) T ln(1 )
    only valid up to necking i.e. uniform defm
    STRESS in the plastic region

    True
    T K n
    T
    (Hollomon eqn)

    Engng
    after UTS necking
    i.e. inhomogenous defm
    T(UTS) UTS
    STRAIN
    Resilience
    capacity to store high amounts of energy elastically
    since energy = work = force x distance
    energy of deformation = area under the stress-strain
    curve
    DELINEATED BY: yield stress
    and Strain at yield stress
    stress
    (approx. elastic limit)
    y
    Modulus of
    resilience
    y
    1 2


    y
    U r d 2 y y
    0
    2E
    y strain
    (per unit volume)
    Suggested lectures

    Callister (7th edidion)


    Sections 6.2 6.8
    Problems
    1) Define true stress and true strain. Compare with engineering stress and engineering strain.

    2) The following data were collected from a 12-mm diameter test specimen of Mg (lo=30mm)

    After fracture, the total length was 32.61mm and the diameter was 11.74mm. Plot the data and calculate:

    the 0.2% offset yield strength


    the tensile strength
    the modulus of elasticity
    the % elongation
    the % reduction in area
    the engineering stress at fracture
    the true stress at fracture
    the modulus of resilience

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