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    Computer Memory

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    Udara R Weerasinghe
    This document discusses the different types of computer memory. There are three main types: cache memory, primary memory (also called main memory), and secondary memory. Cache memory is very fast semiconductor memory that stores frequently used data and instructions from main memory to speed up the CPU. Primary memory, which includes RAM and ROM, is the working memory that holds data and programs during operation but loses data when powered off. Secondary memory, such as hard disks, is non-volatile storage for large volumes of permanent data and has unlimited capacity.

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    Computer Memory

    Uploaded by

    Udara R Weerasinghe
    6K views19 pages
    This document discusses the different types of computer memory. There are three main types: cache memory, primary memory (also called main memory), and secondary memory. Cache memory is very fast semiconductor memory that stores frequently used data and instructions from main memory to speed up the CPU. Primary memory, which includes RAM and ROM, is the working memory that holds data and programs during operation but loses data when powered off. Secondary memory, such as hard disks, is non-volatile storage for large volumes of permanent data and has unlimited capacity.

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    This document discusses the different types of computer memory. There are three main types: cache memory, primary memory (also called main memory), and secondary memory. Cache memory is very fast semiconductor memory that stores frequently used data and instructions from main memory to speed up the CPU. Primary memory, which includes RAM and ROM, is the working memory that holds data and programs during operation but loses data when powered off. Secondary memory, such as hard disks, is non-volatile storage for large volumes of permanent data and has unlimited capacity.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    6K views19 pages

    Computer Memory

    Uploaded by

    Udara R Weerasinghe
    This document discusses the different types of computer memory. There are three main types: cache memory, primary memory (also called main memory), and secondary memory. Cache memory is very fast semiconductor memory that stores frequently used data and instructions from main memory to speed up the CPU. Primary memory, which includes RAM and ROM, is the working memory that holds data and programs during operation but loses data when powered off. Secondary memory, such as hard disks, is non-volatile storage for large volumes of permanent data and has unlimited capacity.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Computer Memory

    U.R Weerasinghe
    EP/12/8776

    INTRODUCTION
    A memory is just like a human brain in human.
    It is used to store data and instructions.
    Computer memory is the storage space in computer where data is to
    be processed and instructions required for processing are stored.
    The memory is divided into large number of small parts called cells.
    Each location or cell has a unique address which varies from zero to
    memory size minus one.

    Memory is can be divided into three types


    Cache Memory
    Primary Memory/Main Memory
    Secondary Memory

    CACHE MEMORY
    Cache Memory Cache memory is a very high speed semiconductor
    memory which can speed up CPU.
    It acts as a buffer between the CPU and main memory.
    It is used to hold those parts of data and program which are most
    frequently used by CPU.
    The parts of data and programs are transferred from disk to cache
    memory by operating system, from where CPU can access them.

    ADVANTAGES OF CACHE MEMORY


    Cache memory is faster than main memory.

    It consumes less access time as compared to main memory.

    It stores the program that can be executed within a short period of


    time.
    It stores data for temporary use.

    DISADVANTAGES OF CACHE MEMORY

    Cache memory has limited capacity.


    It is very expensive.

    PRIMARY MEMORY
    Primary memory holds the memory when working in the computer.
    There are two types of memory;
    1.RAM -RANDOM ACESS MEMORY
    2.ROM -READ ONLY MEMORY

    CHARACTERISTIC OF PRIMARY
    MEMORY
    These are semiconductor memories
    It is known as main memory.
    Data is lost in case power is switched off.
    It is working memory of the computer.
    Faster than secondary memories.
    A computer cannot run without primary memory.

    RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY


    Random access memory (RAM) is the best known form of
    computer memory.
    RAM is considered as volatile memory.
    RAM is made up of small memory chips
    RAM has two operation
    Read operation Transfer stored info to out of memory.
    Write operation Store new info

    TYPES OF RAM
    SRAM(STATIC RAM)

    DRAM(DYNAMIC RAM)

    Requires less memory

    Require more memory

    Access time is low

    Access time is high

    Do not refresh

    Need to be refresh

    More power consumption

    Less power consumption

    READ ONLY MEMORY

    ROM used to hold a program that executes automatically by the computer every
    time it is turned on or reset
    ROM chips contain permanently stored information.

    It is NONVOLATILE.

    ROM is where the basic instructions the computer needs for operation is stored.

    Ex-:
    moving data in and out of RAM for processing,
    storing data permanently on magnetic media
    displaying information on a screen
    interpreting commands typed on a keyboard

    TYPES OF ROM

    Programmable ROM (PROM).


    This is basically a blank ROM chip that can be written to, but only once.

    It is much like a CD-R drive that burns the data into the CD.

    Erasable Programmable ROM (EPROM).


    This is just like PROM
    Except that you can erase the ROM by shining a special ultra-violet light into a sensor

    Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM (EEPROM).


    Also called flash BIOS.
    This ROM can be rewritten through the use of a special software program.

    SECONDARY MEMORY

    Used in computer system to overcome the limitation of primary storage.


    Has an operating speed far slower than that of the primary storage.
    Used to stored large volumes of data on a permanent basics.
    This is known as auxiliary memory.
    Has virtual unlimited capacity because cost per bit of storage is very low.

    CHARACTERISTIC OF SECONDARY
    MEMORY
    These are magnetic and optical memories
    It is known as backup memory.
    It is non-volatile memory.
    Data is permanently stored even if power is switched off.
    It is used for storage of data in a computer.
    Computer may run without secondary memory.
    Slower than primary memories

    TYPES OF SECONDARY MEMORY

    Thank you

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