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    Virtual Reality

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    Rini Samuel
    Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that can be interacted with in real time. It uses interactive devices like head-mounted displays and data gloves to make the user feel like they are part of the virtual world. Early VR systems included flight simulators from the 1950s. Commercial VR development began in the late 1980s and early 1990s. There are several types of VR including immersive, augmented, projected, and desktop. VR has many applications in fields like medicine, education, design, and more. Common VR devices include head-mounted displays, data gloves, CAVE systems, and motion tracking systems.

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    Virtual Reality

    Uploaded by

    Rini Samuel
    2K views33 pages
    Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that can be interacted with in real time. It uses interactive devices like head-mounted displays and data gloves to make the user feel like they are part of the virtual world. Early VR systems included flight simulators from the 1950s. Commercial VR development began in the late 1980s and early 1990s. There are several types of VR including immersive, augmented, projected, and desktop. VR has many applications in fields like medicine, education, design, and more. Common VR devices include head-mounted displays, data gloves, CAVE systems, and motion tracking systems.

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    Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that can be interacted with in real time. It uses interactive devices like head-mounted displays and data gloves to make the user feel like they are part of the virtual world. Early VR systems included flight simulators from the 1950s. Commercial VR development began in the late 1980s and early 1990s. There are several types of VR including immersive, augmented, projected, and desktop. VR has many applications in fields like medicine, education, design, and more. Common VR devices include head-mounted displays, data gloves, CAVE systems, and motion tracking systems.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    2K views33 pages

    Virtual Reality

    Uploaded by

    Rini Samuel
    Virtual reality is a computer-generated simulation of a 3D environment that can be interacted with in real time. It uses interactive devices like head-mounted displays and data gloves to make the user feel like they are part of the virtual world. Early VR systems included flight simulators from the 1950s. Commercial VR development began in the late 1980s and early 1990s. There are several types of VR including immersive, augmented, projected, and desktop. VR has many applications in fields like medicine, education, design, and more. Common VR devices include head-mounted displays, data gloves, CAVE systems, and motion tracking systems.

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    of 33
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that virtual reality involves immersing users in simulated, 3D environments and experiences through specialized hardware like head-mounted displays. The text discusses the history, types, and applications of VR.

    The different types of virtual reality discussed are immersive VR, augmented VR, projected VR, and desktop VR.

    Virtual reality has evolved from early flight simulators built in the 1950s for military training to include the development of computer graphics in the 1960s and the commercialization of VR in the late 1980s and early 1990s with systems like Virtuality.

    VIRTUAL

    REALITY

    What is Virtual reality?


    Virtual Reality is a computer
    generated,
    multi-sensory
    information program which tracks
    a user in real time i.e. computer
    system is used to create an
    artificial world in which the user
    has the impression of being in that
    world ,with the ability to navigate
    through and manipulate objects in
    that world.

    History of
    VRsimulators
    1950s, flight

    In
    were
    built by US Air Force to train
    student pilots.
    In 1965, a research program for
    computer graphics called The
    Ultimate Display was laid out.
    In 1988, commercial development
    of VR began.
    In
    1991,
    first
    commercial
    entertainment
    VR
    system
    "Virtuality" was released.

    Types of Virtual
    Reality
    Immersive
    Augmented
    Projected
    Window on a world

    system(desktop)

    Immersive
    VR

    In a completely immersive system


    , the user becomes part of the
    simulated world , rather than the
    simulated world being a feature
    of the user's own world.
    Display
    devices
    like
    headmounted display and stereo
    spectacles ; provide a 3-D virtual
    space in user's vision.
    The first immersive VR systems
    have been the flight simulators
    where the immersion is achieved

    Augmented
    VR

    Augmented reality (AR) is a term for a live


    direct or an indirect view of a physical,
    real-world environment whose elements
    are augmented by computer-generated
    sensory input, such as sound or graphics,
    haptic feedback.
    Augmented reality does not create a
    simulation of reality. Instead, it takes a
    real
    object
    as
    the
    foundation
    and
    incorporates technologies that deepen a
    persons understanding of the subject.
    AR
    technology
    includeshead-mounted
    displaysandvirtual
    retinal
    displaysfor
    visualization purposes, and construction of

    Projected
    The
    superimposing of physical reality
    VR
    windows
    onto
    a
    virtual
    reality
    environment , such that participants
    of the virtual reality also see the
    physical reality object.
    e.g. A The virtual environment is
    projected onto a large display on a
    single
    surface
    or
    a
    multiple
    projection CAVE from different
    directions, which can serve a group of
    people viewing the same content
    simultaneously.

    Desktop
    VR

    Desktop-basedvirtual
    reality
    involves displaying a 3-dimensional
    virtual world on a regulardesktop
    displaywithout
    use
    of
    any
    specialized
    movement-tracking
    equipment.
    It is cost-effective when compared to
    the immersive VR.
    However they lack the immersion
    quality, Because there is no sense of
    peripheral vision, limiting the user's

    Devices used in
    VR
    HMD(Head
    Mounted Display)
    Technology

    Ahead-mounted displayis a device,


    worn on the head that has a small
    display optic in front of one eye
    (monocular
    HMD)
    or
    each
    eye
    (binocular HMD) to reproduce a
    stereoscopic vision.
    Training with HMDs involve a wide
    range of applications from driving,
    welding and spray painting, flight and
    vehicle simulators, dismounted soldier

    Haptic
    interfaces and
    feedback
    Haptic tactile
    technology
    is a

    tactile
    feedback technology involving that
    the man-machine interface system
    should be capable of recording the
    movements of the human hand and
    also of replicating virtual forces.

    E.g. is Cyber Grasp: It is a haptic


    feedback interface that enables;
    users are able to explore the
    physical properties of computergenerated
    3D
    objects
    and

    CAVE

    (Cave Automatic Virtual


    Environment)
    Surround-screen,
    surround-sound, projectionbased VR system.
    Illusion of immersion is created by projecting
    3D computer graphics into a cube composed of
    display screens that completely surround
    viewer.
    coupled with head and hand tracking systems.
    Sound system provides audio feedback.
    Sensors within the room track the viewer's
    position to align the perspective correctly.
    Viewer explores virtual world by moving

    3D SCANNER
    A 3D scanner is a device that analyses a
    real-world object or environment to
    collect data on its shape and possibly its
    appearance (i.e. colour). The collected
    data can then be used to construct
    digital, three dimensional models.
    They are extensively used for the
    entertainment
    industry
    in
    the
    production of movies and video games ,
    design , documentation of cultural
    artefacts involved in the design.

    BOOM
    The
    BOOM
    (Binocular
    OmniOrientation Monitor) is a headcoupled stereoscopic display device.
    Screens and optical system are
    housed in a box that is attached to a
    multi-link arm.
    The user looks into the box through
    two holes, sees the virtual world, and
    can guide the box to any position
    within the operational volume of the
    device.
    Head tracking is accomplished via
    sensors in the links of the arm that

    Data
    gloves
    Data
    Glove
    consists

    The
    of
    a
    lightweight nylon glove with optical
    sensors mounted along the fingers
    which
    accurately
    and
    repeatedly
    measure the position and movement
    of the fingers and wrist.
    Data gloves are commonly used
    invirtual realityenvironments where
    the user sees an image of the data
    glove
    and
    can
    manipulate
    the
    movements of the virtual environment

    PROJECTORS and
    SHUTTER GLASSES
    The Projector has extremely demanding
    requirements for its graphics hardware. It
    consists of 3D projection system, mirrors
    and projection walls.
    Shutter glasses enable us to view virtual
    image or video more deliberately through
    them.
    Shutters
    in
    the
    glasses
    are
    synchronized with the display system using
    Infrared emitters.

    Motion
    Motion tracking uses a combination of
    computer tracking
    chips, sensors and cameras to
    record humans in motion and create
    digital doppelgangers that move the
    same way.
    Designed for head and hand tracking in
    VR games, simulations, animations, and
    visualizations.
    For example, Polhemus STAR*TRAK is a
    long range motion capture system that
    can operate in a wireless mode (totally

    Electromagnetic tracking systems measure


    and sense magnetic fields generated by
    running an electric current through three
    coiled wires .The system's sensors measure
    how its magnetic field affects the other coils.
    This measurement tells the system the
    direction and orientation of the emitter.
    Acoustic tracking systems emit and sense
    ultrasonic sound waves to determine the
    position and orientation of a target. The
    system calculates the position and orientation
    of the target based on the time it took for the
    sound to reach the sensors.
    Mechanical tracking systems rely on a
    physical connection between the target and a
    fixed reference point. E.g. is A BOOM display

    Applications of
    RehabilitationVR
    and help to disable
    people

    It is also possible to create dialogue


    based on hand gestures between a deaf
    real human and a deaf virtual human
    using
    Sign
    Language.
    Muscular
    dystrophy patients can learn to use a
    wheelchair through VR.

    Psychiatry
    With the advent of realistic virtual
    humans, it will be possible to recreate

    Medicine
    With the simulation of the entire physiology of
    the human body , the effects of various illnesses
    or organ replacement will be visible. The
    surgeon using an
    HMD and Data Gloves may have a complete
    simulated view of the surgery. For medical

    Education and training


    The most common example is the flight
    simulator . They have lower operating costs
    and are safer to use than real aircraft. They
    also allow the simulation of dangerous

    Design
    Many areas of design are typically 3D for
    example, the design of a car shape, where the
    designer looks for sweeping curves and good
    aesthetics from every possible view.

    Operations in dangerous environments


    Workers
    in
    radioactive,
    space,
    or
    toxic
    environments could be relocated to the safety of
    a VR environment where they could 'handle' any
    hazardous materials without any real danger.
    Moreover, the operator's display can be
    augmented with important sensor information,
    warnings and suggested procedures.

    Architectural visualization
    In this area, VR allows the future customer to
    live in his/her a new house before it is built.
    He/she could get a feel for the space,
    experiment with different lighting schemes,
    furnishings, or even the layout of the house
    itself.

    VR SOFTWARE
    VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling
    Language)
    standard language for interactive
    simulation within the World Wide Web.
    allows to create "virtual worlds"
    networked via the Internet and
    hyperlinked with the World Wide Web.
    Aspects of virtual world display,
    interaction and internetworking can
    be specified using VRML without being
    dependent on special gear like HMD.

    Software packages
    available in market
    Multiverse (Freeware)
    Virtual Reality Studio ($100)
    Sense8 World Tool Kit (WTK)
    (over $1000)
    Autodesk Cyberspace
    Development kit (over $1000)

    CONCLUSION
    Virtual Reality is at a critical design phase. The
    theories behind its design and operation are
    still
    being
    written.
    There
    are
    61,400
    international commercial companies producing
    VR. There are approximately 3,600 educational
    institutions which use VR.

    Advantages of VR
    Visualization of complicated, large data
    is
    helpful
    for
    understanding
    and
    analysis.
    VR offers us a new way to interact with
    computer.
    VR enables us to experience the virtual

    Efforts by

    RABIA WADHWA

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