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    Charophyceae

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    Aisyatur Robia
    This document summarizes key information about Charophyceae: 1. Most Charophyceae grow in freshwater environments like ponds and lakes, forming extensive underwater meadows. 2. Cells have distinct anatomical structures depending on their location and developmental stage, including vacuoles and nuclei. 3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through structures like amylum stars or bulbils, and sexually through antheridia and oogonia. 4. Major genera include Nitella, Tolypella, and Chara, which differ in features of their axes, branches, leaves, and reproductive structures.

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    Charophyceae

    Uploaded by

    Aisyatur Robia
    664 views17 pages
    This document summarizes key information about Charophyceae: 1. Most Charophyceae grow in freshwater environments like ponds and lakes, forming extensive underwater meadows. 2. Cells have distinct anatomical structures depending on their location and developmental stage, including vacuoles and nuclei. 3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through structures like amylum stars or bulbils, and sexually through antheridia and oogonia. 4. Major genera include Nitella, Tolypella, and Chara, which differ in features of their axes, branches, leaves, and reproductive structures.

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    This document summarizes key information about Charophyceae: 1. Most Charophyceae grow in freshwater environments like ponds and lakes, forming extensive underwater meadows. 2. Cells have distinct anatomical structures depending on their location and developmental stage, including vacuoles and nuclei. 3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through structures like amylum stars or bulbils, and sexually through antheridia and oogonia. 4. Major genera include Nitella, Tolypella, and Chara, which differ in features of their axes, branches, leaves, and reproductive structures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    664 views17 pages

    Charophyceae

    Uploaded by

    Aisyatur Robia
    This document summarizes key information about Charophyceae: 1. Most Charophyceae grow in freshwater environments like ponds and lakes, forming extensive underwater meadows. 2. Cells have distinct anatomical structures depending on their location and developmental stage, including vacuoles and nuclei. 3. Reproduction can occur vegetatively through structures like amylum stars or bulbils, and sexually through antheridia and oogonia. 4. Major genera include Nitella, Tolypella, and Chara, which differ in features of their axes, branches, leaves, and reproductive structures.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Charophyceae

    Presented by:
    Dwi Darmayanti
    (15034160)
    Koko Murdianto
    (150341605345)
    Umar Hanif
    (150341603597)

    Habitat
    Most of the Charophyceae grow in fresh standing water
    and upon a muddy or sandy bottom. A few species grow
    in brackish water. When growing in fresh water ponds or
    lakes, they frequently form extensive subaquatic
    meadows that extend downward to a considerable depth
    below the surface of the water

    Anatomy structure
    Cells near a branch apex are without conspicuous central
    vacuoles and are always uninucleate. Greatly enlarged
    cells of mature region. As those of an internode, have a
    large central vacuole and may have a few large
    irregularly shaped nuclei because of nuclear division by
    constriction (amitosis)

    Reproduction

    Vegetative

    Generative

    Vegetative reproduction
    None of the charophyceae produces zoospores, but many of them
    produce asexual reproductive bodies of a vegetative nature. Vegetative
    propagation may be effected by:
    1.star-shaped aggregates of cells developed from the lower nodes, and
    frequently called amylum stars because they are densely filled with
    starch.
    2.Bulbils developed upon rhizoids.
    3.Protonema-like outgrowths from a node.

    Generative reproduction
    All genera reproduce sexually. The male and female
    fructifications are usually called, respectively, antheridia
    and oogonia, According to the old terminology, the male
    fructification is a globule and the female is a nucule.

    Classification
    Kingdom : Protist
    Division : Chlorophyta
    Class
    : Charophyceae
    Order
    : Charales
    Family
    : Characeae
    Genus
    :
    1. Nitella
    2. Tolypella
    3. Chara

    Nitella
    The axis and branches of Nitella are differentiated into nodes and internodes
    Branches arise in the axils of leave, and two or more may arise at any nodes
    Leaves both fertile and sterile are filamentous, once to repeatedly furcate, and
    with two three four or more furcation on each of branching.
    Globule and nucule are borne only on leaves
    The nucules have corona with two tiers of five cells each
    Some species are homothallic, other are heterothallic

    Tolypella
    The axis and branches of Tolypella are differentiated into nodes and
    internodes
    Branches arise in the axils of leaves and two or three of them may arise at any
    node
    Both fertile and sterile leaves are not differentiated into nodes and internodes
    The sterile leaves are filamentous and unusually unbranched, but they have a
    few filaments at the apex of cells in the lower portion
    The fertile leaves are also filamentous and with an evident axis in which two or
    more lateral filament are borne in the apex of each cell in the lower portion
    The nucules have corona with two tiers of five cells each
    Most species are homothallic

    Chara
    The primary axis, branches, and leaves of Chara are differentiated into nodes
    and internodes.
    Branches arise in the axils of leaves, and there is usually but a singgle branch
    at a node
    Nucules have a corona with a single tear of five cells
    May heterothallic or homothallic, but in either case the fructifications atre
    restricted to the adaxial side of leaves and ate borne singly at the nodes

    Manfaat Charophyceae
    Sumber oksigen
    Sebagai tanaman hias dalam aquarium
    Agar-agar
    Membentuk endapan kapur
    Indikator pencemaran lingkungan

    Thank you

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