C.

Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
A. General Characteristics
Result from traumatic puncture of
thorns
or vegetation
contaminated with fungi
B. Chromoblastomycosis
C. Eumycotic Mycetomas
D. Phaeohyphomycosis
E. Sporotrichosis

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
B. Chromoblastomycosis
Verrucous dermatitidis and
chromomycosis
Caused by dematiaceous fungi
Species
Phialophora
verrucosa
Cladophialophora
Hard, warty,
carrionii
tumor like
cutaneous lesion
Fonsecaea spp.

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
B. Chromoblastomycosis
Verrucous dermatitidis and
Specieschromomycosis
Microscopic Morphology
Phialoph
ora
verrucos
a

Flask-shaped phialides with

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
B. Chromoblastomycosis
Verrucous dermatitidis and
chromomycosis
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Cladophialop Erect codiophores with
hora
branched chains of
carrionii
blastoconidia

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
B. Chromoblastomycosis
Verrucous dermatitidis and
chromomycosis
Species
Microscopic Morphology
F. pedrosoi
1 (2 or 3) conidia is formed
F.
sympo-dially on conidiophore
compactu
tip or phialides.
m

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
B. Chromoblastomycosis
Verrucous dermatitidis and
chromomycosis
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Rhinocladi
Conidiophores bearing elliptical
ella
conidia sympodially on its
aquaspers
upper portion
a

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
C. Mycetomas
Local swelling of tissue w/ abscesses,
draining sinuses and granulomatous pus

Species
Pseudoallescheria
boydii
Acremonium
falciforme
Madurella spp.

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
C. Mycetomas
Granulomatous infection of tissue
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Anamorphic form of S.
Pseudallesch apiospernum
Cleistothecia containing
ria boydii
ascospores
Cleistotheci

S.

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
C. Mycetomas
Granulomatous infection of tissue
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Acremoni
Elliptical conidia borne from
um
phialides of an unbranched
falciform
conidiophores
e

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
C. Mycetomas
Granulomatous infection of tissue
Species
Madurella
mycetomatis /
grisea

Microscopic Morphology
Conidia from the tips of
phialides, many remain
sterile

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
C. Mycetomas
Granulomatous infection of tissue
Species

Microscopic Morphology
Condiophores form cylindrical
Exophiala
annelids
jeanselmei Conidia gathers at tips of
annelids

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
D. Phaeohyphomycosis

Infections caused by dematiaceous fungi

Chromoblastomyc
osis
Cladosporium
Fonsecaea
Phialophora
Eumycotic
Mycetomas
Exophiala

Other Species
Alternaria
Bipolaris
Curvularia

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
D. Phaeohyphomycosis
Infections caused by dematiaceous
fungi
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Conidiophores that branch w/
Alternaria
chains of conidia (muriform &
tapered)

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
D. Phaeohyphomycosis
Infections caused by dematiaceous fungi

Species
Bipolaris

Microscopic Morphology
Conidiophores with multicelled,
oblong to cylindrical conidia

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
D. Phaeohyphomycosis
Infections caused by dematiaceous
fungi
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Conidiophore twisted at point of
Curvularia
attach- ment to curved,
multicelled conidia

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
E. Sporotrichosis
Exposure to rose thorns and sphagnum
moss
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Small, cigar shaped yeast
Sporothrix
Conidia in a rosette or sleeve
schenckii
pattern

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
E. Sporotrichosis
Dimorphic fungus
Species
Microscopic Morphology
Sporothrix Intracellular to PMNs Asteroid
schenckii
body

C. Agents of Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
Involve the deeper skin layers
Chromoblastomycosis
Fonsecaea compacta
Fonsecaea pedrosoi
Phialophora verrucosa
Cladophialophora
carrionii
Rhinocladiella aquaspersa
Eumycotic Mycetomas
Psedoallescheria
boydii
Madurella

Acremonium
falciforme
Madurella grisea

C. Agents of
Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
Involve the deeper skin layers
Subcutaneous Phaeohyphomycosis
Alternaria
Bipolaris
Cladosporium
Culvularia
Exophiala
Fonsecaea
Phialophora
Sporotrichosis
Sporothrix schenckii

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
A. General Characteristics
Dimorphic: mould (22-30C) or yeast
(35-37C)

B. Ecology and Disease

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
B. Ecology and Disease
Species

Ecology

B.
River valleys
dermatitidi and basins,
s
soil
H.
Bird, bat
capsulatu
guano
m
alkaline soil

Disease

Gilchrist
Chicago

Cave
Spelunkers
Darling

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
B. Ecology and Disease
Species

Ecolog
y

C. immitis

Soil

P.
brasiliens
is

Soil

Disease / Manifestations

Desert bumps
Valley fever
Desert rheumatism
South American
Blastomycosis
Lutz-Splendore-Almeida
Dse.

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
C. Blastomycosis

Teleomorph: Ajellomyces dermatitidis

Species
Blastomy
ces
dermatiti
dis

22C (Mold)
Ovoid conidia
borne on short
coniophores

37C (Yeast)
Large yeast
Broad-based
bud

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
D. Coccidioidomycosis
Other species: Coccidioides
posadasii
Species
22C (Mold)
37C (Yeast)
Coccidioid Barrel-shaped
es immitis arthroconidia

Spherules
containing
endospores

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
E. Histoplasmosis

Teleomorph: Ajellomyces capsulatus

Species
Histoplas
ma
capsulat
um

22C (Mold)
Round, large,
echinulate /
tuberculate
macroconidia

37C
(Yeast)
Small, oval
yeast

C. Agents of Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
F. Paracoccidioidomycosis
Species

22C (Mold)
Sterile
Paracoccidi
hyphae
oides
Chlamydoconi
brasiliensis
dia

37C (Yeast)
Mariners
wheel Mickey
Mouse cap

C. Agents of Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycoses
A. General Characteristics
Saprophytes and Opportunistic
Aseptate
Zygomycetes

Septate
Hyaline

Absidia
Mucor
Rhizopus

Aspergillus

Septate
Dematicaeous
Alternaria
Cladosporiu
m
Curvularia

C. Agents of Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycoses
B. Zygomycetes
Species
Absidia

Description
Sporangiophores, smooth and
ovoid
Internodal Rhizoids

C. Agents of Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycoses
B. Zygomycetes
Species
Mucor

Description
Sporangia remain intact
Rhizoids are absent

C. Agents of Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycoses
B. Zygomycetes
Species

Description
Sporangiophores clusters in a
stolon
Rhizopus
Rhizoids is at the base of
sporangiophores

C. Agents of Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycoses
B. Septate and Hyaline
Species
Aspergil
lus

Description
Conidiophore that expands to a
vesicle
Vesicle is covered w/ phialides

C. Agents of Mycoses
Aseptate

Septate

Septate

Zygomycetes
Absidia
Mucor
Rhizopus
Cunninghame
lla
Syncephastru
m

Hyaline
Aspergillus
Penicillium
Beauveria
Chrysosporiu
m
Fusarium
Geotrichum
Paecilomyces
Scopulariopsi

Dematicaeous
Alternaria
Cladosporium
Curvularia
Aureobasidiu
m
Chaetomium
Phoma
Pithomyces
Ulocladium

C. Agents of Mycoses
1. Superficial Mycoses
2. Cutaneous Mycoses
3. Subcutaneous Mycoses
4. Systemic Mycoses
5. Opportunistic Mycosis
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
A. General Characteristics
B. Ecology and Disease
C. Candidiasis
D. Cryptococcosis
E. Geotrichosis

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
A. General Characteristics
Unicellular, budding & round to oval
organisms

Species
Candida albicans
Cryptococcus
neoformans
Geotrichum
candidum

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
B. Ecology and Infection
Species
Cryptococ
cus
Species
neoforma
Candida
nsSpecies
albicans
Geotrichu
m
candidum

Ecology

Pigeon, bat
droppings
Ecology
Decaying
GI tract
vegetation
Mucus
membranes
Ecology
Soil
Decaying foods

Infection
Infection
Systemic
Meningitis
Thrush
Vulvovagin
Infection
Oral, lung,
itis
skin,
wound

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
C. Cryptococcosis (True Yeast)
Species
Cryptococc
us
neoforman
s

Yeast (Cornmeal)
Round to oval yeast w/
capsule & narrow-base
budding

India
Ink

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
C. Cryptococcosis (True Yeast)
Species
Colony (Niger Seed Agar)
Cryptococc
us
Phenol oxidase (+),
neoforman
Brown-black colonies
s

India
Ink

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
C. Candidiasis (Yeast-like)
Species

Direct Examination
Blastoconidia
Candida
(budding yeast /
albicans
pseudohyphae)

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
C. Candidiasis (Yeast-like)
Species
Candida
albicans

Cornmeal (RT, 24-48 hrs)

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
C. Candidiasis (Yeast-like)
Species
Candida
albicans

Serum (35-37C, 1-3 hrs)

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
E. Geotrichosis (Yeast-like)
Species
Cornmeal
Direct
Geotrich Fragmented hyphae Rectangular
um
Rectangular
yeast cell
candidu
arthrospores w/
(in
m
rounded ends
pairs / chains)

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
Summary
Species
Most Remarkable
Cryptococ
cus
Brown-black
colonies
inhrs)
Niger
Species
Serum (35-37C,
1-3
neoforman
Candida
Germ TubesSeed
in Serum (35C,
s
albicans
1-3 hrs)
Geotrichu
Rectangular arthroconidia
m
w/ rounded ends
candidum

C. Agents of Mycoses
6. Yeast & Yeastlike Fungi
Other Characteristics
Species

Capsul
es

Germ
Tubes

Chlamy
Blasto- Arthrodoconid
conidia conidia
ia

Cryptococ
cus
+
+
neoforma
ns
Candida
+
+
albicans
Geotrichu Pls review fungal diagnosis in Mahon