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    Cutaneous Mycoses Dermatophytosis Lecture Four

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    Mohamed
    Cutaneous Mycoses (dermatophytosis)  General futures  Involves skin, nail, and hair  Known as ringworm or tinea  Keratinized layer are infected  Fungi known as dermatophytes  Infection range form mild to sever  Depend on host state and fungal species  Resist cycloheximide  Etiologic agents  Over hundred species described  Only 40 are valid  less associated with human diseases  Grouping of dermatophytes  Anamorphic state (asexual phase)  Three genera  Depend on sporulation Eti

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    Cutaneous Mycoses Dermatophytosis Lecture Four

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed
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    Cutaneous Mycoses (dermatophytosis)  General futures  Involves skin, nail, and hair  Known as ringworm or tinea  Keratinized layer are infected  Fungi known as dermatophytes  Infection range form mild to sever  Depend on host state and fungal species  Resist cycloheximide  Etiologic agents  Over hundred species described  Only 40 are valid  less associated with human diseases  Grouping of dermatophytes  Anamorphic state (asexual phase)  Three genera  Depend on sporulation Eti

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    Cutaneous Mycoses (dermatophytosis)  General futures  Involves skin, nail, and hair  Known as ringworm or tinea  Keratinized layer are infected  Fungi known as dermatophytes  Infection range form mild to sever  Depend on host state and fungal species  Resist cycloheximide  Etiologic agents  Over hundred species described  Only 40 are valid  less associated with human diseases  Grouping of dermatophytes  Anamorphic state (asexual phase)  Three genera  Depend on sporulation Eti

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    1K views17 pages

    Cutaneous Mycoses Dermatophytosis Lecture Four

    Uploaded by

    Mohamed
    Cutaneous Mycoses (dermatophytosis)  General futures  Involves skin, nail, and hair  Known as ringworm or tinea  Keratinized layer are infected  Fungi known as dermatophytes  Infection range form mild to sever  Depend on host state and fungal species  Resist cycloheximide  Etiologic agents  Over hundred species described  Only 40 are valid  less associated with human diseases  Grouping of dermatophytes  Anamorphic state (asexual phase)  Three genera  Depend on sporulation Eti

    Copyright:

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    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Cutaneous Mycoses (dermatophytosis)

     General futures
     Involves skin, nail, and hair
     Known as ringworm or tinea
     Keratinized layer are infected
     Fungi known as dermatophytes
     Infection range form mild to sever
     Depend on host state and fungal species
     Resist cycloheximide
     Etiologic agents
     Over hundred species described
     Only 40 are valid
     less associated with human diseases
     Grouping of dermatophytes
     Anamorphic state (asexual phase)
     Three genera
     Depend on sporulation
    Etiologic agents cont.
     Morphologic futures
     Nutritional requirements
     Microsporum, Trichophyton and
    Epidermophyton
    Natural habitat
     Anthropophilic (humans)
     Zoophilic (animal)
     Geophilic (soil)
     All of them can cause diseases in human
    Natural habitat Cont.
     ANTROPOPHILIC
     Trichophyton rubrum...
     GEOPHILIC
     Microsporum gypseum...
     ZOOPHILIC
     Microsporum canis: cats and dogs
     Microsporum nanum: swine Trichophyton
    verrucosum: horse and swine…
    DERMATOPHYTOSIS
    Clinical Classification
     Infection is named according to the
    anatomic location involved
    a. Tinea barbae e. Tinea pedis
    (Athlete’s foot)
    b. Tinea corporis f. Tinea manuum
    c. Tinea capitis g. Tinea unguium
    d. Tinea cruris
    (Jock itch)
    Images of dermatophytes infections

    T. pedis

    Kerion

    T. manuum
    Onychomycosis
    Pathogenesis and Immunity
     Contact and trauma
     Moisture
     Crowded living conditions
     Cellular immunodeficiency (chronic
    inf.)
     Re-infection is possible (but, larger
    inoculum is needed, the course is
    shorter )
    Clinical manifestation
     Tinea capitis (scalp)
     Common in children
     Typical lesions," kerion”, scarring,
    “alopecia”
     Favus (Tinea favosa)
     Debris, yellow cup shaped crust
     Scutula
     Cicatricial alopecia
     T. schoenleinii
    Clinical manifestation Cont.
     Skin
     Circular, dry, erythematous, scaly,
    itchy lesions
     Nail
     Thickened, deformed, friable,
    discoloured nails, subungual debris
    accumulation
    DERMATOPHYTOSIS
    Transmission
     Close human contact
     Sharing clothes, combs, brushes,
    towels, bed sheets. (Indirect)
     Animal-to-human contact (Zoophilic)

    Human contact Animal contact


    Dermatophytes Diagnosis
    I. Clinical
     Appearance
     Wood lamp (UV, 365 nm)
    II. Lab
     Direct microscopic examination
    (10-25% KOH)
     Ectothrix/endothrix/favus hair
    Dermatophytes Diagnosis images

    Clinical Wood lamp

    Edothrix KOH Ectothrix


    Hair invasion by Dermatophytes
    Dermatophytes Diagnosis
     Culture
     Mycobiotic agar
     Sabouraud dextrose agar
     Should contain antibiotic $ actidione

    M. canis T. vilaceum

    T. rub rum
    Dermatophytes Identification

     Colony characteristics
     Microscopic morphology
     genus Macroconidium Microconidium
     Microsporum---- fusiform---------------(+)
     Epidermophyton clavate-----------------(-)
     Trichophyton-- - (few) cylindrical/ --- --(+)
    clavate/fusiform single,
    in clusters
    Microscopic morphology of
    dermatophytes
     Examples

    Microsporum canis T rubrum

    E. floccosum Chlamydospores
    Treatment
     Topical
     Miconazole, clotrimazole
     econazole, terbinafine...
     Oral
     Griseofulvin
     Ketaconazole
     Itraconazole
     Terbinafine

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