Melaka and George Town,

Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca

Conservation Management Plan (CMP) of Melaka World Heritage Site

Slides of the abstract of the Plan. Kindly request from Melaka World Heritage Office for Purchase.

BUKIT CINA (part of buffer zone) Buffer Zone 242.30 ha WH Property 45.33 ha

Contents of Melaka CMP

i. ii. Form and Content of the Report Part 1 of Report : VISION AND MANAGEMENT PLAN iii. Part 2 of Report : DEVELOPMENT GUIDE PLAN FOR MELAKA WHS iv. Part 3 of Report: DEVELOPMENT GUIDE PLAN FOR GEORGE TOWN WHS

S TAT E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E
Influence of Successive Colonial Rulers
The Malay Sultanate legacy The Portuguese legacy The Dutch legacy The British legacy St Pauls Hill as the seat of power of Melaka Fortaleza de Malaca, Melaka Town Square, Melaka Fort Cornwalis and the Government and Administrative Centre, George Town

OUV Criteria (ii) : exhibit an important

interchange of human values, over a span of time or within a cultural area of the world, on developments in architecture or technology, monumental arts, town-planning or landscape design.

Centres of Historic Administration

Important ports of the East-West trade along the Straits of Malacca

The Melaka River and bridge Upeh the historic residential and commercial precinct of Melaka The Right Bank Lorong Hang Jebat, Jalan Kampung Pantai and Jalan Kampung Hulu, Melaka The Harbour and Jetties of George Town Weld Quay and the Ghauts, George Town Ethnic trades Craft products Little India

Statement of Significance
(extract from nomination dossier)

The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca : Melaka and George Town represent exceptional examples of multi-cultural trading towns in East and Southeast Asia, forged from the mercantile and civilization exchanges of Malay, Chinese, Indian and European cultures.

Towns of migrants and multiculturalism

Eclectic architecture as a fusion of migrants influences

Architectural types

Cities for Commerce and for Living - The historic residential and commercial zone, Melaka - Historic commercial centre, George Town - The Chinese Kongsis, George Town - Clan Jetties, George Town

S TAT E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E
Exchanges of civilization, cultures and religions - Coexistence of different ethnic groups - Persistence of culture and lifestyle - Festivals - Cuisine - Street activities Inter-ethnic assimilation - Straits Chinese - Indians in Melaka - Jawi Peranakan - Chitty - Arab Malays Religious Pluralism in Melaka and George Town - Kampung Hulu Mosque, Melaka - Kampung Keling Mosque, Melaka - Kapitan Keling Mosque, George Town - Acheen Street Malay Mosque, George Town - Cheng Hoon Teng Temple, Melaka - Kuan Yin Temple, George Town - Sri Poyattha, Melaka - Sri Mahamariamman Temple, George Town - Altars - Kolams

OUV Criteria (iii) : bear a unique or at least

exceptional testimony to a culturalt radition or to a civilization which is living or which has disappeared.

Statement of Significance
(extract from nomination dossier)

The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca: Melaka and George Town are living testimony to the multi-cultural heritage and tradition of Asia, where the greatest religions, and cultures met. The coexistence of distinct faiths - both tangible and intangible - in particular the different religious buildings, is a testament to the religious pluralism of Asia.

S TAT E M E N T O F S I G N I F I C A N C E

OUV Criteria (iv) : be an outstanding

example of a type of building or architectural or technological ensemble or landscape which illustrates (a) significant stage(s) in human history
The shophouse as a outstanding example of an architectural type - Eclectism of shophouse architecture - Construction and materiality of the shophouses - Five footways - Urban form and roofstructure - Open air well - Feng shui, vashtu shastra and other beliefs - Eclectic mix of ornamentation

Statement of Significance
(extract from nomination dossier)

The Historic Cities of the Straits of Malacca : Melaka and George Town reflect the coming together of cultural elements from elsewhere in the Malay Archipelago and from India and China with those of Europe to create a unique architecture, culture and townscape without parallel anywhere in the East and South East Asia. In particular a range and exceptional architecture of shophouses and townhouses

S T R E N G T H , W E A K N E S S , O P P O R T U N I T Y A N D T H R E AT
Traffic congestion Lack pedestrian connections Need for public open spaces Lack awareness on the value of conservation Weak management and support for conservation of heritage sites in the past Weak management of services, infrastructure and utilities Signage and branding pollution Building Methods: Lack of skills, retiring artisan Trade and Lack of availability of materials

Traditional built landscape and multicultural meaning of space Centre for religious and cultural activities and festivals Intangible Heritage Living multicultural population Large stock of pre-war shophouses Economic base remains relatively intact Centre of financial activity (GT) Cultural tourism

strength

opportunity

weakness threat

Waterfront and riverfront Rehabilitation of dilapidated and vacant buildings Urban regeneration Supporting arts and culture The shophouse as model for sustainable building Conservation practice : encourage best practice and capacity building Cultural tourism

Incompatible developments Large numbers of dilapidated and vacant properties Non compliance and enforcement capability/capacity Displacement of traditional communities and gentrification Declining traditional trades and activity Pollution Mass tourism and visitor management Conflict of conservation/heritage with lifestyle changes Ownership by foreigners

V I S I O N S TAT E M E N T A N D C O N S E R VAT I O N P R I N C I P L E S
A Historic URBAN CULTURAL LANDSCAPE
An inhabited site displaying historic layering of built, cultural, social and economic values resulting from reciprocity over time between humans, the geographical environment and the broader urban context.

LIVING CULTURAL HERITAGE 2 BUILT CULTURAL HERITAGE

Components of the Historic Dynamic Living City

1.1 Intangible Living Culture Commercial/Social/Cult. Activity Space use Patterns Expressions (Oral/performative/ manners / customs) Belief systems Skills and knowledge Sense of Identity Design Elements
Creative Technology Building Methods Transmission Methods Organisation and Management

2.1 Intangible Built Culture Land use patterns Building Use patterns Expressions (Architecture Streetscape/Townscape) Sense of Place

1.2 Tangible Living Culture Items for religious/cultural use Items for domestic use (eg food, dress, household items) Products for industrial use Domestic/Cult/ Religious artifacts

2.2 Tangible Built Culture: Single /Group of Buildings Public Parks/Gardens Monuments & Structures Archaeological Sites Pathways & Streets Technical Infrastructure

Documents / Records Materials and equipment Communities/ Human Resource

V I S I O N S TAT E M E N T A N D C O N S E R VAT I O N P R I N C I P L E S
Conservation of the built cultural heritage Conservation Practice i. Authenticity & Interpretation ii. Building Use iii. Reversibility & Adaptation iv. Dismantling v. Fire Protection vi. Demolition vii. Alteration and Extension viii. Height, Vistas, Enclaves and Streetscapes ix. Conservation Regulations by Category I, IIA,II.

**Maximum Retention and Minimum Intervention

part 2 MELAKA WHS

B U I LT C U LT U R A L H E R I TA G E
Identification Criteria
1)
2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7)

Categories and their Definitions

Protection, Conservation & Adaptation

Cultural Significance
Historic Significance Architectural Significance Close historical association Significance of setting Group value Age and rarity value

Category I

Category IIA

Category II

Compatible Development
Infill Developmen t

8)

Physical features of the

building

Replacemen t

B U I LT C U LT U R A L H E R I TA G E
Categories

Stadium Hang Tuah Wisma Negeri Kg. Bukit Cina

Height Control
Open Space Riverwalk/ Promenade

Chee Ancestral House St. Francis Xavier Church

Bukit Cina

Retain as Existing Height (Core Area) Maximum Height 12 meter River

Core Zone Boundary

Stadthuys

Dataran Pahlawan

Straits of Melaka

8
Stadium Hang Tuah Wism a Neger i

7
Kg. Bukit Cina

Water Taxi Jetty

Water Taxi Route
River

5
Chee Ancestral House

Existing Jetty
4 3 2
St. Francis Xavier Church Bukit Cina

Proposed Jetty Core Zone Boundary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Melaka Boat Jetty Dutch Square Jetty Padang Nyim Jetty Kg Pantai Jetty Kg Jawa Jetty Hang Tuah Jetty Bunga Raya Pantai Jetty Kg Morten Jetty Hang Jebat Jetty

Stadthuys

Dataran Pahlawa n

Straits of Melaka

Landmark, Nodes, Focal Point, Vistas

Stadium H a n g Focal Points Landmarks, Vistas and Tuah Wisma Negeri Kg. Bukit Cina

Landmark, Nodes & Focal Point Vistas Riverwalk/ Promenade River Core Zone Boundary
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. Kg. Hulu Mosque Cheng Hoon Teng Temple Kampung Kling Mosque Sri Poyatha Vinayagar Moorthi St. Francis Xavier Church Christ Church Stadthuys Ruins of St. Paul Church Malay Sultanate Palace A Famosa Fort Proclamination of Independent Memorial Sam Poh Kong Temple Hang Li Pos Well Chee Anchestral Mansion Dataran Pahlawan Mall Mahkota Parade Taming Sari Observation Tower Harmoni Plaza Kg. Pantai Plaza

Chee Ancestral House

2 14 3 4
St. Francis Xavier Church

12 B u k i t
Cina

13

5
18 7 8 10 17
Dataran Pahlawan

Stadthuys

11

15

16

12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19.

Straits of Melaka

Strategy for Public Open Space and Pedestrian Connections

Stadium Hang Tuah Wism a Neger i Kg. Bukit Cina

Pedestrian Routes
Open Space Pedestrian Priority Street Sidewalk Backlanes Water Taxi Route River

Chee Ancestral House

St. Francis Xavier Church

Bukit Cina

Existing Jetty Proposed Jetty Core Zone Boundary

Stadthuys

Dataran Pahlawa n

Straits of Melaka

Proposed Landscape Network Stadium

Hang Tuah Wisma Negeri Kg. Bukit Cina

Open Space
Open Space Riverwalk/ Promenade

9
11 Chee Ancestral House 12 Jonker Street 14 10 Bukit Cina

River Core Zone Boundary

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. St. Paul Hill Taman (Jalan Taman) Linear Park project 1 Padang Kemerdekaan Linear Park Project 2 Hang Jebat Plaza Laksamana Plaza Nyiru park Bunga Raya Pantai Park Kg. Pantai Plaza Harmoni Plaza Jonker Park Cathay Park Bukit Cina Dutch Square

8 6 7
15 Stadthuys

St. Francis Xavier Church

1 4 3 2
Dataran Pahlawan

Straits of Melaka