Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data (Ssed) : Device Generic Name: Device Trade Name
Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data (Ssed) : Device Generic Name: Device Trade Name
Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data (Ssed) : Device Generic Name: Device Trade Name
i. GENERAL INFORMATION
Drug-Eluting Coronary Stent System (NIQ) XIENCE V Rapid Exchange (RX) Evcrolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System XIENCE V Over-the-Wire (OTW) Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System
PROMUS Rapid Exchange (RX) Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System PROMUS Over-the-Wire (OTW) Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System
Date of Panel Recommendation: Premarket Approval Application (PMA) Number: Date of FDA Notice of Approval: Expedited: II. INDICATIONS FOR USE
Abbott Vascular, Cardiac Therapies 3200 Lakeside Drive Santa Clara, CA 95054 November 29, 2007 P070015 July 2, 2008 Not Applicable
The XIENCETM V Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent System (XIENCE V stent) is indicated for improving coronary luminal diameter in patients with symptomatic heart disease due to de novo native coronary artery lesions (length < 28 mm) with reference vessel diameters of 2.5 mm to 4.25 mm. Il1. CONTRAINDICATIONS
The XIENCE V stent is contraindicated for use in patients: * Who cannot receive anti-platelet and/or anti-coagulant therapy * With lesions that prevent complete angioplasty balloon inflation or proper placement of the stent or stent delivery system
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* IV.
With known hypersensitivity or contraindication to everolimus or structurally-related compounds, cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, acrylic and fluoropolymers. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
The warnings and precautions can be found in the XIENCE V Everolimus Fluting Coronary Stent System labeling. V. DEVICE DESCRIPTION
The XIENCE V Everolimus Fluting Coronary Stent System (XIENCE V EECSS or XIENCE V stent) is a device/drug combination product comprised of two regulated
components:
* *
A device (MULTI-LINK VISIONS Coronary Stent System or MULTI-LINK MINI VlSION.-: Coronary Stent System) A drug coating (formulation of everolimus in a polymer coating)
The characteristics of the XIENCE V EECSS are described in Table 1 below. Table I XIENCE V Stent System Product Description XIENCE V Rapid-Exchange (RX) EECSS
_Lengths
Available Stent Available(mam) _____ Stem Available Stent Dvailamleters ( )2.5, Stent Material Drug Component
___________________________
8, 12, 5, 18,23,28
2.75, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 2.5, 2.75, 3.0, 3.5, 4.0 A medical grade L-605 Cobalt Chromium (CoCr) alloy MULTI-LINK VISION or
MULTI-LINK MINI VISION stent
A conformal coating ofa non-erodible polymer loaded with 100 pg/cm2 of everolimus with a maximum nominal drug content of 181 pg on the largest stent (4.0 x 28 mm) DeliveryS'ystem 13c Del~~~ystem ~~143 cm 143 cm Working Length 13 c D elivery System Single access port to inflation lumen. Sidearm adaptor provides access to Design Guide wire exit notch is located 30 cm balloon inflation/deflation lumen and from tip. Designed for guide wires < guide wire lumen. Designed for 0.014". guide wires < 0.014". Stent Delivery A compliant, tapered balloon with two radiopaque markers to designate the stent System Balloon placement on the balloon. Balloon Inflation Nominal inflation pressure: 8 atm for the 2.5 and 2.75 mm diameters; Pressure 9 atm for the 3.0, 3.5, and 4.0 mm diameters Rated Burst Pressure (RBP): 16 atm (1621 kPa) for all sizes Guiding Catheter Inner Diameter > 5F (0.056") Catheter Shaft Outer 2.75 x 8 - 3.5 x23 2 5 Diameter (nominal) . -3.0 mm 3.5-4.0mm 2.5 mm 35 x 18 40 x 28 Distal: 0.032" 0.035" Distal: 0.032" 0.034" 0.036" Proximal: 0.026" 0.026" Proximal: 0.042" 0.042" 0.042"
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A.
The device component is comprised of the balloon-expandable MULTI-LINK VISION or MULTI-LINK MINI VISION coronary stent pre-mounted onto either the MULTI-LINK VISION or MULTI-LINK MINI VISION delivery systems consisting of either the Rapid Exchange (RX) or the Over-the-Wire (OTW) platform. The MULTI-LINK VISION RX and OTW delivery systems were approved for deployment of the bare metal MULTILINK VISION stent in P020047 (approved July 16, 2003). The MULTI-LINK MINIVISION RX and OTW delivery systems were approved for deployment of the bare metal MULTI-LINK MINI-VISION stent in P020047/S003 (approved September 10, 2004). The small XIENCE V stent design (2.5, 2.75, and 3.0 mm diameters) is identical to the MULTI-LINK MINI VISION stent for the 2.5 diameter, and the MULTI-LINK VISION stent for the 2.75 mm and 3.0 mm diameter. The medium XIENCE V stent design is identical to the medium MULTI-LINK VISION stent for the 3.5 mm and 4.0 mm diameters. All stent diameters will be available in 8-28 mm lengths. B. Drug Component Description
The XIENCE V Everolimus Eluting Coronary Stent (XIENCE V stent) is coated with everolimus (active ingredient), embedded in a non-erodible polymer (inactive ingredient). B1. Everolimus Everolimus is the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the XIENCE V stent. It is a novel semi-synthetic macrolide immunosuppressant, synthesized by chemical modification of rapamycin (INN: sirolimus). The everolimus chemical name is 40-O-(2-hydroxyethyl)-rapamycin and the chemical structure is shown in Figure 1 below.
0
HC 3
tc
OH
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B2. Interactive Ingredients The XIENCE V stent contains inactive ingredients including poly n-butyl methacrylate (PBMA), a polymer that adheres to the stent and drug coating, and PVDF-ltFP which is comprised of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene monomers as the drug matrix layer containing everolimus. PBMA is a homopolymer with a molecular weight of 264,000 to 376,000 dalton. PVDF-HFP is a non-erodible semi-crystalline random copolymer with a molecular weight of 254,000 to 293,000 dalton. The drug matrix copolymer is mixed with everolimus (83%/17% w/w polymer / eerolimus ratio) and applied to the entire PBMA coated stent surface. The drug load is 100 gtg/cm 2 for all product sizes. No topcoat layer is used. The chemical structure of the polymer components are shown in Figures 2a and 2b below.
OH 3
I
I (OH 2) 3 OH3
Figure 2a Chemical Structure of Poly (n-butyl methacrylate) (PBMA)
F LH2_CF2
Ec
'ng _fn
OF
~~CF31 rn
Figure 2b Formula for Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride-Co-Hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) The product matrix, including nominal dosages of everolimus in each XIENCE V stent is described in Table 2. The nominal everolimus content is based on stent design and length.
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Table 2 XIENCE V EECSS Product Matrix and Everolimus Content Model Model Stent Stent Nominal Number Number Diameter Length Everolimus (RX) (OTW) (mm) (mm) Content (gg) 1009539-08 1009545-08 2.5 8 37 1009540-08 1009546-08 2.75 8 37 1009541-08 1009547-08 3.0 8 37 1009542-08 1009548-08 3.5 8 53 1009543-08 1009549-08 4.0 8 53 1009539-12 1009545-12 2.5 12 56 1009540-12 1009546-12 2.75 12 56 1009541-12 1009547-12 3.0 12 56 1009542-12 1009548-12 3.5 12 75 1009543-12 1009549-12 4.0 12 75 1009539-15 1009545-15 2.5 15 75 1009540-15 1009546-15 2.75 15 75 1009541-15 1009547-15 3.05 75 1009541-15 1009547-15 3.0 15 75 1009542-15 1009548-15 3.5 15 98 1009543-15 1009549-15 4.0 15 98 1009539-18 1009545-18 2.5 18 88 1009540-18 1009546-18 2.75 18 88 1009541-18 1009547-18 3.0 18 88 1009542-18 1009548-18 3.5 18 113 1009543-18 1009549-18 4.0 18 113 1009539-23 1009545-23 2.5 23 113 1009540-23 1009546-23 2.75 23 113 1009541-23 1009547-23 3.0 23 113 1009542-23 1009548-23 3.5 23 151 1009543-28 1009549-23 4.0 23 151 1009539-28 1009545-28 2.75 28 132 1009540-28 1009546-28 2.75 28 132 1009541-28 1009547-28 3.0 28 132 1009542-28 1009548-28 3.5 28 181
1009543-28
1009549-28
4.0
28
181
C. Mechanism of Action The mechanism by which the XIENCE V stent inhibits neointimal growth as seen in preclinical and clinical studies has not been established. At the cellular level, everolimus inhibits growth factor-stimulated cell proliferation. At the molecular level, everolimus PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 5 of 67
't5
forms a complex with the cytoplasniic protein FKBP-12 (FK 506 Binding Protein). This complex binds to and interferes with FRAP (FKBP- 12 Rapamnycin Associated Protein), also known as mTOR (mammalian Target Of Rapamycin), leading to inhibition of cell metabolism, growth and proliferation by arresting the cell cycle at the late G1 stage.
VI.
There are several other alternatives for the treatment of patients with coronary artery disease including exercise, diet, drug therapy, percutaneous coronary interventions (i.e., balloon angioplasty, atherectorny, bare metal stents, coated stents, and other drug-eluting stents), and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery. Each alternative has its own advantages and disadvantages. A patient should fully discuss these alternatives with his/her physician to select the method that best meets expectations and lifestyle. VII. MARKETING HISTORY
The XIENCE V Everolimus Fluting Coronary Stent System is commercially available in the following countries: Argentina Australia Austria Bangladesh Belgium Brazil Bulgaria Colombia Costa Rica Croatia Cyprus Czech Republic Denmark Egypt Estonia Finland Tlhailand France Germany Greece Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Ireland Israel Italy Jordan Kuwait Latvia Lebanon Liechtenstein Serbia Lithuania Luxembourg Malaysia Macau Malta Macedonia Netherlands New Zealand Norway Panama Philippines Poland Portugal Ronania Russian Federation Singapore Peru Slovakia Slovenia Spain Sri Lanka Sweden Syria Switzerland Thailand Ukraine United Arab Emirates United Kingdom Uruguay Tunisia Turkey Venezuela Vietnam Taiwan South Korea
As of May 31, 2008, over 252,81 8 XJENCE V Stent systems have been distributed outside of the United States. The XJENCE V EECSS has not been withdrawn from marketing in any country for any reason.
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VIII.
Below is a list of the potential adverse effects (e.g., complications) associated with the use of the XIENCE V stent. Adverse events (in alphabetical order) which may be associated with coronary stent use in native coronary arteries include, but are not limited to: * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Abrupt closure Access site pain, hematoma or hemorrhage Acute myocardial infarction Allergic reaction or hypersensitivity to contrast agent or cobalt, chromium, nickel, tungsten, acrylic and fluoropolymers; and drug reactions to antiplatelet drugs or contrast agent Aneurysm Arterial perforation and injury to the coronary artery Arterial rupture Arteriovenous fistula Arrhythmias, atrial and ventricular Bleeding complications, which may require transfusion Cardiac tamponade Coronary artery spasm Coronary or stent embolism Coronary or stent thrombosis Death Dissection of the coronary artery Distal emboli (air, tissue or thrombotic) Emergent or non-emergent coronary artery bypass graft surgery Fever lIypotcnsion and/or hypertension Infection and pain at insertion site Injury to the coronary artery Ischemia (myocardial) Myocardial infarction Nausea and vomiting Palpitations Peripheral ischemia (due to vascular injury) Pseudoaneurysm Restenosis of the stented segment of the artery Shock/pulmonary edema Stroke/cerebrovascular accident (CVA) Total occlusion of coronary artery Unstable or stable angina pectoris Vascular complications including at the entry site which may require vessel repair Vessel dissection Page 7 of 67
Adverse events associated with daily oral administration of everolimus to organ transplant patients include but are not limited to: * Abdominal pain * Acne * Anemia * Coagulopathy * Diarrhea a Edema * Ilemolysis * I lypercholesterolemia * I lyperlipidemia * Hypertension * Hypertriglyceridernia Itlypogonadism male * Infections: wound infection, urinary tract infection, pneumonia, pyelonephritis, sepsis and other viral, bacterial and fungal infections * Leukopenia * Liver function test abnormality * Lymphocele * Myalgia * Nausea * Pain * Rash * Renal tubular necrosis * Surgical wound complication * Thrombocytopenia * Venous thromboembolism * Vomiting For the specific adverse events that occurred in the clinical studies, please see Section X, Summary of Primary Clinical Study, below. IX. SUMMARY OF PRECLINICAL STUDIES
A series of non-clinical laboratory sludies related to the XIENCE V product were performed. Studies included those performed on the bare metal stent system (MULTILINK VISION or MULTI-LINK MINI VISION stent mounted on the stent delivery system), the coated stent alone (the XIENCE V stent), the polymer-only coated stent alone (the MULTI-LINK VISION or MULTI-LINK MINI VISION with the PBMA primer layer and PVDF-HFP polymer layer), or the finished combination product (XIENCE V EECSS).
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A.
Laboratory Studies At. Biocompatibility Testing A series of Good Laboratory Practices (GLP) biocompatibility tests were conducted to demonstrate the components of the XIENCE V EECSS are nontoxic. Tests were conducted on ethylene oxide-sterilized XIENCE V RX EECSSs. XIENCE V coated stents, or polymer-only coated stents. These test articles were processed in a similar manner as the finished XIENCE V product, except in the case of the polymer-only coated stent that did not contain the active pharmaceutical ingredient. Some portion of biocompatibility testing was conducted on the XIENCE V EECSS contained a drug dose approximately 2.6 times (2.6X) the amount of the commercial product. Additional testing of the XIENCE V stent was evaluated at appropriate extract dosing levels near the toxicity threshold of everolimus as confirmed through cell culture testing. Testing was also performed on polymer-only coated stents with the same total coating weight as the drug eluting stents. All biocompatibility testing was conducted in accordance with one or more of the following general regulations and guidance documents: Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff, Non-Clinical 'Vests and Recommended Labeling for Intravascular Stents and Associated Delivery Systems; published by the Interventional Cardiology Devices Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Devices, Office of Device Evaluation on January 13, 2005. Draft Guidance for Industry, Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents- Nonclinical and Clinical Studies; published by the Interventional Cardiology Devices Branch, Division of Cardiovascular Devices, Office of Device Evaluation on March 2008. Good Laboratory Practices Regulations (21 CFR 58) ISO 10993, Biological Evaluation of Medical Devices USP <85> Bacterial Endotoxin Test USP <87/88> Biological Reactivity Tests USP <161> Transfusion and Infusion Assemblies and Similar Medical Devices
* *
* *
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Tahle3 Biocomratibili
Test Name
Cytotoxicity
1Test F
Summary
Test Article and Results
* XIENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (noncytotoxic) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-cytotoxic) * XIENCE V Stent: Pass (non-cytotoxic below toxicity threshold ofeverolimus) ______* Polymer-only coated stent: Pass (non-cytotoxic) XIFNCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nonsensitizing) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-sensitizing) * XIENCE V Stent: Pass (non-sensitizing below toxicity threshold of everolimus) * Polymer-only coated stent: Pass (non-sensitizing) a XIENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nonirritating) * 2.6X Stent and PX delivery system: Pass (non-irritating) * XIENCE V Stent: Pass (non-irritating below toxicity threshold of everolimus) * Polymer-only coated stent: Pass (non-irritating) * XIENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nontoxic) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-toxic) * Polymer-only coated stent: Pass (non-toxic)
Description of Test
ISO 10993-5: In ViLro
Cytotoxicity (1.929 MUM Elution)
Sensitization
Intracutaneous Reactivity
Systemic Toxicity
Pyrogenicity
ISO 10993-1 I: Systemic Toxicity, Acute (Mouse Injection) USP <88>: Systemic Injection Test (Mouse Injection) Bacterial Endotoxin (LAL)
ISO 10993- 1l: Sysiemic Toxicity (Material Mediated Rabbit) l-lemocompatibility/ ISO 10993-4: Hemlysis, Direct Hemolysis* Contact (Rabbit Red Blood Cells) Thrombosis (fulfilled through Hemolysis and in vivo animal testing) ISO 10993-4: Hemolysis, Indirect Contact (Rabbit Red Blood Cells) 150 10993-4: Clotting, PT Plasma) 1SO 10993-4: Partial Thromboplastin Time, PTT (Human Plasma) * See discussion of hemocompatibility testing below.
pyrogenic) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-pyrogenic) * XIENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nonpyrogenic) *2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-pyrogenic) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-hemolytic) * XIENCE V stent: Pass (non-hemolytic) XIENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nonhemolytic) 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-hemolytic) * XiENCE V Stent and OTW delivery system: Pass (nonhemolytic) XIENCE V stent: Pass (non-hemolytic) * 2.6X Stent and RX delivery system: Pass (non-hemolytic)
*
(Human
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Table 3 Biocom atibility Test Summary (cont'd) Test Name Description of Test Test Article and Results
Implantation ISO 10993-6: 90-day (Rabbit, Intramuscular) Sub-chronic Toxicity (fulfilled
through_90-day _Intramuscular)
*
LUSP <88> 7-day (Rabbit, ISO 10993-3: Bacterial Reverse Mutation Assay
milant)
Genotoxicity
(Ames test)
The applicant completed multiple tests to assess hemocompatibility, with the exception of complement activation testing. The applicant provided a scientific rationale for the omission of this testing. Although complement activation was not specifically studied in the SPIRIT III clinical trial, adverse cardiac events were reviewed through the first 37 days (30 day clinical follow-up + 7 days) to assess any potential for complement activation in the adverse cardiac event profile of the XIENCE V product. No differences between treatment groups were observed and no manifestations of complement activation were revealed. In addition to adverse cardiac events, immediate hypersensitivity, a potential manifestation of complemeni activation, was evaluated through 37 days. Using the list of adverse events suggested by Nebeker et al.1 to be manifestations of hypersensitivity, a search of ihe SPIRIT IlI subject database revealed no reports of allergy or hypersensitivity reactions to the stent in either study arm, and a comparable incidence of hypersensitivity reactions without an identified etiology between the two arms. Given these analyses, the omission of complement activation testing is acceptable. A 26-week carcinogenicity study was conducted to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of XIENCE V Stenls following subcutaneous implantation in transgenic mice. During the course of the study, there were no abnormal clinical observations that suggested a carcinogenic effect of the test group (XIENCE V
Nebeker JR, Barach P, Samore M. Clarifying Adverse Drug Events: A Clinician's Guide to Terminology, Documentation, and Reporting. Ann Intern Med 2004; 140: 795-801.
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Stent). The test group did not demonstrate an increased incidence of neoplastic lesions when compared to the negative control group. The positive control and thc experimental positive control groups demonstrated notable increases in the incidence of neoplastic lesions compared to cither the test or the negative control group. Based on the results of this study, the XIENCE V Stent does not appear to be carcinogenic when implanted in transgenic mice for 26 weeks. In addition, a teratology (reproductive toxicity) study was conducted to demonstrate that implantation of XIENCE V Stents in female Sprague-Dawley rats does not affect their fertility or reproductive capability as well as to show a lack of any teratology effect on their offspring. The XIENCE V Stent did not affect the fertility or reproductive capability of female Sprague-Dawley rats. There was no statistical difference between the test article (XIENCE V Stent) and the control system in terms of any of the evaluated parameters. The test article had no effect on litter size and caused no increase of in-utero mortality. Additionally, the XIENCE V Stent did not cause any teratologic effects in the offspring in this study. In vivo animal and pharmacology studies have been completed on the XIENCE V stent to provide information about systemic, regional and local toxicity, and doserelated toxicity. Abbott Vascular completed a series of in vivo pharmacokinetic studies of the XIENCE V stent. The animal PK studies are summarized in Section IX.BI. In Vivo Pharmacokinetics below. In addition, clinical pharmacokinetic studies have been performed on the XIENCE V stent. The human PK studies arc described in Section X.D. Global Pharmacokinetics. There is no evidence to suggest that any chemical interactions, which would result in the formation of a new intermediate or molecular entity, occur between everolimus or the polymers used in the XIENCE V stents. Long term biocompatibility of the drug/polymer coating on the stent in humans is unknown. A2. In Vitro Engineering Testing In vitro engineering testing, in accordance with the FDA "Guidance for Industry and FDA Staff- Non-Clinical Tests and Recommended Labeling for Intravascular Stents and Associated Delivery Systems," January 2005 and "Draft Guidance for Industry, Coronary Drug-Eluting Stents- Nonclinical and Clinical Studies," March 2008, was conducted on the XIENCE V Stent except where the testing could be leveraged from the MULTI-LINK VISION or MULTI-LINK MINI VISION Stent, which were approved in P020047 and P020047/S003, respectively. Supplementary in vitro engineering tests were also performed on the XIENCE V delivery systems containing the XIENCE V stent mounted on a delivery catheter. This testing is summarized in Table 4. "Pass" denotes that the test results met product specifications and/or the recommendations in the above referenced guidance document.
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Additional tests were conducted to support the integrity of the coating on the XIENCE V Stent and are summarized separately in Section IX.A3, Coating Characterization Testing.
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2-1
-T 'est IDescription-
-Results',
Fretting Corrosion
-~
~Galvanic Corrosion
Evaluations were conducted oil the stent tubing provided by PS the material supplier prior to any processing to confirm chemical analysis, grain size, and inclusion content per relevant ASTMs (F90, A75 1, E1086, F1479. E1019, F138, F I112, F252'7, E45). In addition, SEM analysis was Iconducted on bare metal stents to identify and analyze trace contaminants which may be present on the stent. Ilensile strength and elongation testing -was performed on the PS stent tubing prior to any processing. Th tensile strength andd le elongation met acceptance criteria. Both bare metal and polymier-only coated stents were tested '-PASS according to ASTM F2 129-0l1 "Standard lest Method for Conducting Cyclic Potentiodynamnic Measurements to Determine the Corrosion Susceptibility of'Smiall Implant Devices" to demonstrate that the finished stents exhibit acceptable corrosion resistance. Testing was also conducted to evaluate the relative susceptibility to pitting/crevice corrosion. Results were comparable to the marketed MULTI-LINK VISION stents and met the specifications requirements. Overlapped XIECEVStents and overlapped MULTIPASS LINK VISION stents were evaluated post fatigue testing to determnine the potential for fretting corrosion. The results met all acceptance criteria and indicated that the stents possess a high rsstance to fretting corrosion.* Testing wasi conducted on maketedl stanls steel (MvULTPS LINK TETRA) and CoCr (MULTI-LINK VISION) overlapped in a passive manner, and overlapped in an active manner (with disruption of the oxide layer) to determine the potential for galvanic corrosion, The results met the acceptance criteria and indicated a high resistance to g~~~~alvanic corrosion.__ _
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Z-2L
___LTest
__
Description
___
Results
PASS
Stent Dimensional and Functional Attributes (cont'd) St ent Per cent Length jDetermines the difference in)stunt length pre-and postChanige (Foreshortening) expansion Io either nominal or post-dilated inner diameters, Test All stentis met product specifications. Sternt Per cent Recoil Test Quantifies >ihe amount of recoil of the stent after balloon expansion. The system was inflated to either nominal or postdilated diameters and measurements were taken of the stent diameter at various locations along the stunt length. The system was then deflated and the same measurements taken. The percent recoil is calculated by subtracting the average stent inner diameter (MI) without the balloon from the average stent ID with the balloon, dividing by the average stent ID with the ba loon and multiplying by 100. All stents mret
_____
-PASS
Testing was conducted to determine the radial strength of the PASS istent under compression force. Stents were expanded to either nomvinal or post-dilated diameters, placed in anr Instron tester, and subjected to incrementally increasing compression forces. The prssr at which deformation is no longer completely reverlsi~ble wv~as recorded, All stentrnskmtnroaduct-specifications. Radil Siffess Radial stiffess was evaluated on the XIENCE V stent Descriptive compared to the MULTI-L.INK VISION stent only Finvite Elmet Analsi An in-depth analysis of the stunt was conducte t ensure PASS (PEA) that the implant conditions to which the stent will be subjected Iwould not result in failure due to fatigue. The FEA evaluated the structural integrity of the stent when subjected to the expected loading conditions generated in coronary arteries. The analysis took into account manufacturing, delivery, implantatio i and clinical loading over the implant life, and predicted that fatigue failures will not hlkeloccur. ~Accelerated Fatigue Testuing Determines that the system can adequately withstand expectd PASS in viva cyclic loading conditions. Accelerated fatigue testin was conducted on the following configurations: * Radial Fatigue Testing: Single Configuration * Radial Fatigue Testing: Overlapped Configuration * Radial Fatigue 'resting: Overlapped Configuration on Static 20 mm Bend (to 400 million cycles) * Radial Fatigue Testing: Overlapped Configuration on Static 15min Bend (to 30 million cycles)** to ensure that the stunt, when expanded to its largest intended diameter, will not show fatigue failure during simulated 10 year testing. I he stents were dynamically cycled in a simulated vessel for 400 million cycles. Following cycling, stents were visually inspected under 40X magnification. No _ Ijsigns of strut cracking or breakingwere detected. **The applicant has agreed to provide structural cyclic fatigue testing out to 400 miillion cycles onoverlapped stents placed in a 15 mm bend configuration postappreval.
IStent
_____ ____ ______ _____ ____
~~product
smecificat-ions.
__
Page 15 of 67
2,
Results PASS
Stent heating was derived by relating the measured nonclinical, in vitro temperature rises in a GE Excite 3 Tesla scanner and in a GE 1.5 Tesla coil to the local specific absorption rates (SARs) in a digitized human heart model. The maximum whole body averaged SAR was determined by validated calculation. At overlapped lengths up to 68 mm, the XIFNCE V stent produced a non-clinical maximum local temperature rise of 3C at a maximum whole body averaged SAlt of 2.0 W/kg (normal operating mode) for 15 minutes. These calculations do not take into consideration the cooling effects of blood flow. The effects of MIRi on overlapped stents greater than 68 mm in length or st'2nts with fractured struts is unknown. As demonsirated in non-clinical testing, an image artifact can be present when scanning the XIENCE V stent. MR image quality may be compromised if the area of interest is in the exact same area, or relatively close to, the position of the XIENCE V stent. Therefore, it may be necessary to optimize MR imagingparameters for the presence of this implant. Confirms that the XIENCE V stent is adequately visible under fluoroscopic imaging equipment. The XIENCE V stent is comparable to that of the MULTI-LINK VISION and MULTI-
__the
Rtdiopacyty
PASS
LINK MINI VISION under fluoroscopy. Delivery System Dimensional and Functional Attributes
Statistically demonstrates with 95% confidence, at least 99.9% of the XIENCE V systems will not rupture below the rated burst pressure (RBP) and to demonstrate that at a 95% confidence level, at least 99% of the XIENCE V systems will not rupture below the maximum labeled compliance (MLC) pressure. All systems met product specifications and
confidence/reliability limits.
PAS
Page 16 of 67
Test Description
Results
PASS
~ ~
Tensile
Delivery System Crossing Profile Crimped Stent Outer Diameter Delivery System Balloon Inflation/Deflation Times
to the rated burst pressure inside the stent. All systems met product specifications. Determines how the diameter ofra deployed balloon varies with applied balloon pressures. All systems met product specifications. Determines the tensile strength of the soft tip. All systems met _product specifications. Determines the tensile strength of the distal portion of the I delivery systein. All systems met product specifications. Determines the tensile strength of the proximal portion of the [ delivery system. All systems met product specifications. Determines the crimped stent outer diameter. Measurements were taken it various locations along the length of the stent and averaged to calculate the mean outer diameter. All
systems meL product specifications.
PASS
PASS
Determines the amount of time required to inflate or deflate the delivery catheter balloon. All systems met product specifications for deflation times. Inflation times were tested
bfor informalion only.
PASS
Stent Dislodgement
Determines the amount of force required to displace a stent in both distal and proximal direction from its original, crimped position on the delivery system balloon after a preconditioning step where the system is tracked through a
tortuous artery model. All systems meProduct specifications.
PASS
Delivery, Deployment, and Retraction Delivery System Preparation Delivery System Shaft Pressure Delivery System Inner Member Collapse
Statistically demonstrates that with 95% confidence, at least 99% of the XIENCE V systems can be successfully retracted back into a iF guiding catheter after tracking through a simulated tertuous model prior to the deployment of the stent. All systems met product specifications and --confidence/reliabiliy limits. Design validations demonstrate that the XIENCE V system meets the user needs. Evaluates the ease of preparing the xIENCEV system Using the aspiration method. All systems met product specifications. Determines the pressure integrity of the XIENCE V catheter shaft proximal to the delivery system balloon. All systems met
product specifications.
PASS
Verifies that irreversible collapse of the inler member does not occur at or below 300 psi. All systems met product
specifications.
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2->'
Results
PASS
[etermines the coefficient of friction along the hydrophilic coated portion of the XIENCF, V catheter using an aorta lined fixture, A!llsystems met product specifications. Delivery System Coating Determines; the percent adhesion of the hydrophilic coating to _ IDry Adhesion (Hydrophilic) the XIENCE V catheter. The percent coating adhesion is determined by subtracting the percent coating removed from I100. All systems met product specifications.
PASS
A3. Coating Characterization Testing The following methods were developed to characterize and set initial specifications for the XIENCE V stent. The coating characterization testing conducted on the XIENCE V stent is summarized in Table 5. '[able 5 CoatingCharatcterizationiTestingSnt Test Test Description Coating~ Durability
__-[ _
Results
-PASS
Coating Adhesion
~~~co~~~~the
Characterizes various aspects of the coated stent including: * the coating thickness along the legh fth stent and the drug density and its distribution in the st'2nt coating * the cross section of the coated stent strut~s * the content uniformity along the length of the stent * adhesion of the coating to the delivery system balloon * physical microstructure. Evaluates adhesion properties between th coating and the metal stent with shrear stress anal sis using a Nano-Scratch Tester. Determines the stent coating surface integrity of XLENCE V stent after tracking through a torturosity fixture, expansion, and post-dilated to RBP. Defect quantities and sizes were recorded. The compromised coating area was calculated as a percentage of entire coated stent surface. All
PASSt
PASS
___
~~~stents metj'roduct
speciiatos.
___
-____
Evaluates the stent coating surface integrity ofPASS the XIENC -FV stent after balloon rupture within the stent. The stents were compared to contro stents expanded to nominal -diameter.
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Test Description
Results
PASS
L)emonstraies the coating durability of the XIENCE V stent Linder expected in vivo cyclic loading conditions for an equivalence of I0 years (--400 million cycles). Accelerated coating fatigue testing was conducted on the following configurations: Coating Fatigue Testing: Single Configuration Coating Fatigue Testing: Overlapped Configuration Coating Fatigue Testing: Overlapped Configuration on Static 20 mm Bend (to 400 million cycles) Coating Fatigue Testing: Overlapped Configuration on Static 15 mm Bend (to 30 million cycles)* The stents were deployed and post-dilated to the largest intended diameter. The drug was eluted from the coating. The stents were evaluated under SEM and then loaded into tubing and the fatigue tester. The stents were dynamically cycled within simulated vessel conditions for 400 million cycles. Ihe stents were removed and visually inspected under SEM for changes to coating morphology in the documented anomalies that were captured prior to fatigue testing. All stents met product specifications and
Particulate (Over-expansion)
confidence/reliability limits.
od D Beaker Meth particulate matter generated Determines the during deployment and over expansion of the XIENCE V stent in a beaker of water. The distal end (balloon and stent) was inserted into glassware filled with clean water. The stents were deployed and post-dilated to the maximum stent diameler. After agitation, aliquots of the water were withdrawn and the particles quantities and sizes were counted and recorded. All stents
met product specifications.
PASS
Particitla
Determines the particulate matter after navigating PASS simulated, challenging vasculature followed by deployment The XIENCE V system was tracked through a simulated tortuous artery model and the stent was deployed unconstrained to REP inside simulated vasculature. Water was drawn through the vasculature and the particle quantities and sizes were counted and recorded. All stents met product specifications. *le applicant has agreed to provide coating invegrity testing out to 400 million cycles on overlapped stents placed in a 15 mm bend configuration.
Page 19 of 67
Results
Investigates the embolic particle size aid count PASS From the XIENCE V stent dtring an accelerated radial fatigue test through multiple time points. Prc-condition units and deploy into tubing wih a 4 mm overlap. Particle quantities and sizes were recorded friom each pair of stents through the testing duration. Testing was done for the following configurations and time points: * Overlapped Straight Configuration through 9.3 million cycles * Overlapped Configuration on 20 mm Bend through 37.8 million cycles * Overlapped Configuration on 15 mm Bend through 30 million cycles** The applicant has agreed to provide additional embolic lhtigue data for overlapped stents placed in a I5nim bend configuration. This new testing will be carried out to 10 years equivalent or at a minimum two years equivalent if the test data demonstrates a clear plateau.
A4. Chemistry, Manufacturing & Controls (CMC) Testing Where applicable, International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) Guidelines were followed for the testing routinely performed on the XIENCE V stent as part of CMC. This testing is summarized in Table 6. Information to support the stability of the XIENCE V stent is summarized separately in Section IX.A5 Stability.
Table 6 XIENCE V Stent Release Testing__ V~~~~~~~~~~Dsr Appearance____ Appearance i Identity Content Uniformity
__
Total Content
Drug Release
lest
IParticulate
ct
Endotoxins
Avisual inspection was conducted to verify that the XIENCE V meets product appearance specfcations. Assavs were conducted to verify the identity of the drug substance, everolimus, on the XIENCE V stent using two different methods. Multtple stents were tested to verify the uniformity of the drug that content between individual stents was within specifications established for finished good release. Assay was conducted to quantitatively veriG that the total amount of drug on the XIENCE V stent met specification for finished good release. The in vitro drug release profile of everolimus was measured on the XIENCE V stent. The product met specifications established for finished good release._ Assays were conducted to quantitatively verify the amount and type of degradaton products on the XIENCE V stent. The amount of bacterial endotoxins was verified to be within the specification limits established for fioished gase. Particulate levels were verified to meet product specif..ations.
Page 20 of 67
A5. Stability/Shelf Life Manufacturing site-specific stability studies were conducted to establish a shelf life/expiration date for the XIENCE V stent system. Testing included appearance, total content, drug release, degradation products, and butylated hydroxytol uene (BIIT) content. Testing to establish container closure integrity was conducted to ensure sterility was maintained during the shelf life of the product. Functional testing of the stent system was conducted on aged product. The data generated to-date support a shelf life of 1 year. A6. Sterilization The XIENCE V stent system is sterilized using ethylene oxide (EtO) sterilization and has been validated per AAMI/ISO 11135:1994 "Medical Devices Validation and Routine Comrol of Ethylene Oxide Sterilization," Results obtained from tie sterilization studies show that the product satisfies a minimum Sterility Assurance Level (SAL) of 10 - 6. In addition, the amount of bacterial endotoxins was verified to be within the specification limits. B. In Vivo Animal Studies B]. In Vivo Pharmacokinetic Studies
In vivo preclinical pharmacokinetic studies were performed in the porcine coronary artery model to determine: the percent drug release of everolimus from the XIENCE V stent over time, the tissue concentrations of everolimus over time, and the impact, if any, of systemic maximum dose of everolimus on platelet function. The pharmacokinetic data demonstrate that everolimus is delivered to the arterial wall in a controlled and reproducible manner. Also, blood and tissue levels were within safe levels when compared to therapeutic levels achieved in organ rejection therapy. Platelet function was not adversely affected at maximum doses of everolimus eluted from the XIENCE V stent. In summary, the XIENCE V EECSS has a safe pharmacokinetic profile as demonstrated in the porcine animal model. B2. Drug Interactions
Formal drug interaction studies have not been conducted with the XIENCE V stent. Everolimus is extensively metabolized by cytochrome P450 3A4 (CYP3A) isozyme in the gut wall and liver and is a substrate for the countertransporter Pglycoprotein. Therefore, absorption and subsequent elimination of everolimus may be influenced by drugs that affect these pathways. Coadministration of strong CYP3A inhibitors (such as ketoconazole, itraconazole, ritonavir) and inducers (such as rifampicin, rifabutin) should be avoided. Coadministration of moderate CYP3A inhibitors (such as erythromycin, fluconazole, calcium channel blockers) and inducers (such as carbamazepine, phenobarbital, phenytoin) should be accompanied by everolimus therapeutic drug monitoring. The PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 21 of 67
21]
plharmacokinetic interaction between orally administered everolimus and concomitantly administered drugs is described in the XIENCE V stent system Instructions for Use. 133. Animal Safety Studies
Detailed arterial histopathology and histonmorphioretry are not obtainable through human clinical trials, so a series of animal studies were conducted to evaluate safety, efficacy (proof of concept dosing), and overall product performance. Twenty four (24) major supportive studies were carried out in a porcine nonatherosclerotic coronary artery model and rabbit iliac artery model at time points out to 2 years to determine the clinical dose of everolimus to incorporate into the XII-NCE V stent, to determine the pharinacokinetics of the XIENCE V stent, and to evaluate the safety of and vascular response to the XIENCE V stent. Additionally, animal Studies were conducted to evaluate the safety of overlapping two XIENCE V stents. To establish a drug safety margin, a maximum dose (-8X) XIENCE V stent was also assessed. Studies were also performed to evaluate the safety of the polymer alone at both an equivalent loading to that in the XJENCE V stent and a bulk polymer system. Supportive safety data and overlapping stent safety data have also been generated in a rabbit nonatherosclerotic iliac artery model. The results of these tests support the safety of the XIENCF V stent. A majority of these studies were conducted in accordance with 21 CFR 58 (Good Laboratory Practices). A rationale was provided for the non-GLP animal studies to demonstrate that appropriate animal care procedures were followed and data integrity were maintained. Summaries of the major supportive animal studies performed to support product safety are included in Table 7.
Page 22 of 67
R051004MJL
R050503PDD
R081704KHB
Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2) * XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 200 pg/cm 2) XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 260 pg/cm 2) Controls: * Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 515pg * BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2) Controls: * BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
Test: 37 (100 =12, 200 =12, 260 =13) Control: 32 (BMS =21, Polymer 11)
15, 30, 45, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes and 12 hours (blood levels only) 3 and 6 hours, 3, 14, 28, 60, 90, and 120 days (other evaluations) 28 days
histomorphometric
evaluations
*Evaluation of degree of
endothelialization by SEM Acute delivery *Chronic vascular response
Test: 12 Control: 12
28 days
R100704KHB
Test Article:
* XIENCE (2.5 x 8 mm, 100 pg/cm 2)
New Zealand White Rabbit (7) (Left & Right Iliac) I stent/vessel 2set/nml*Chronic ~~2 stents/animal
Test: 7 Control: 7
28 days
eAngiography *Histological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM Acute delivery *Chronic vascular response oHistological & histomorphometric evaluations *Acute delivery vascular esponse
Page 23 of 67
R042204PDD
Test: 12 Control: 12
90 days
R081103PDD
R041504PDD
Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2) * XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 200 pg/cm 2 ) * XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 260 pg/cm 2) Controls: Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 836pg BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2 ) Controls: ' BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
Test: 35 (100 =11, 200 =12, 260 =12) Control: 33 (BMS =21, Polymer = 12)
eAngiography eHistological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM eAcute delivery eChronic vascular response 180 days eAngiography eHistological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM eAcute delivery 'Chronic vascular response
Test: 12 Control: 12
180 days
R042904KHB
Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2 ) Controls: BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
28 days
eAngiography eHistological & histomorphometric evaluations 'Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM 'Acute delivery 'Chronic vascular response eAngiography histomorphometric evaluations 'Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM 'Acute delivery eChronic vascular response
Page 24 of 67
R042604KHB
R041904Test Article: KHB-01 XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 Ptg/cm 2) Controls: BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
R051503DMH
Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 803 gtg/cm 2) Controls: Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 9051ag * BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
R050503DMH
Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 803 ltg/cm 2) Controls: Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 905p.tg BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
eAngiography Histological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM 'Acute delivery 'Chronic vascular response 180 days Angiography 'Histological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM *Acute delivery *Chronic vascular response 28 days Evaluation of maximum dose everolimus and bulk polymer. Angiography *Histological & histomorphometric evaluations eEvaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM *Acute delivery *Chronic vascular response 90 days Evaluation of maximum dose everolimus and bulk polymer. 'Angiography eHistological & histomorphometric evaluations *Evaluation of degree of endothelialization by SEM 'Acute delivery 'Chronic vascular response
90 days
Page 25 of 67
3~3
R041904KHB-02
Test Article: * Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 329 pg Controls: * BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
Test: 12 Control: 12
180 days
R093004KHB-01
R093004KHB
R050304PDD Part I
Test Article: *XIENCE (2.5 x 8 mm, 100 p[g/cm 2) Controls: * BMS (2.5 x 8 mm) GLP: yes Test Article: XIENCE (2.5 x 8 mm, 100 pg/cm 2) Controls: * BMS (2.5 x 8 mm) GLP: yes Test Article: XIENCE (3.0 x 12 mm, 100 pg/cm 2) Controls: a BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes Test Article: Polymer (3.0 x 12 mm) 329 pg Controls: BMS (3.0 x 12 mm) GLP: yes
New Zealand White Rabbit (6) (Left & Right Iliac) I stent/vessel 2 stents/animal New Zealand White Rabbit (8) (Left & Right Iliac) 2 stents/vessel; 2 stent pairs/animal Yucatan Swine (6) (LAD, LCX, RCA) I stent/vessel; 2 stents/animal
Test: 6 Control: 6
90 days
90 days
1 year
R050504KHB Part I
Test: 6 Control: 6
1 year
Page 26 of 67
R050504KHB Part I1
Test: 5 Control: 5
2 years
R0060228MJL
1,3, 7, and 14 days (platelet function), 15,30,45,60, 90,120, 150,180 minutes, 6 and 12 hours (blood levels only) 3, 6 and 24 hours, 3,14,28, 60 days (all other evaluations)
X.
Principal XIENCE V safety and effectiveness information is derived from the SPIRIT III clinical trial and is supported by the SPIRIT FIRST and SPIRIT II clinical trials. These studies evaluated XIENCE V EECSS performance in subjects with symptomatic ischemic heart disease due to de novo lesions in native coronary arteries. Major study characteristics are summarized below and listed in Table 8. SPIRIT III, a pivotal clinical trial, was designed to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the XIENCE V stent to the TAXUS EXPRESS TM Paclitaxel Eluting Coronary Stent System (TAXUS stent) and was conducted in the United States (US) and Japan. The SPIRIT III clinical trial consisted of a US randomized clinical trial (RCT), a non-randomized 4.0 mm diameter stent arm in the US, and a non-randomized arm in Japan, which included a pharmacokinetic substudy (see Section D - Global Pharmacokinetics). Enrollment is complete in the RCT and the Japan arm. The SPIRIT III RCT was a prospective, randomized (2:1; XIENCE V:TAXUS), activecontrolled, single-blinded, multi-center, clinical trial in the US designed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the XIENCE V stent in the treatment of up to two de novo lesions < 28 mm in length in native coronary arteries with RVD > 2.5 mm to < 3.75 mm. The PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 27 of 67
RCT study was designed to enroll 1,002 subjects at up to 80 sites inthe US The primary endpoint in the RCT was in-segment late loss at 240 days and the co-primary endpoint was ischemia-driven target vessel failure (TVF, defined as the composite of cardiac death, MI, or clinically-driven TVR) at 270 days. Other secondary endpoints included clinical outcomes of all the subjects (30, 180, 270 days and annually from I to 5 years), as well as angiographic results and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) results at 240 days. Follow-up through I year is currently available, and yearly follow-up for clinical parameters through 5 years is ongoing. The SPIRIT III 4.0 mm arm was a prospective, multi-center, single-arm registry designed to evaluate XIENCE V stent in the treatment of up to two de novo lesions < 28 mm in length in native coronary arteries with RVD > 3.75 mm to < 4.25 mm. This study was designed to enroll up to 80 subjects at up to 80 sites in the US. Enrolled subjects were scheduled for clinical follow up at 3;0, 180, 240, and 270 days and annually from I to 5 years, with angiographic follow-up at 240 days. The primary endpoint was in-segment late loss at 240 days compared to the TAXUS arm from the SPIRIT III RCT. Follow-up through 1 year is currently available, and yearly follow-up for clinical parameters through 5 years is ongoing. The SPIRIT II clinical trial included a pharmacokinetic substudy in a subset derived from the RCT 2 and the Japan non-randomized arm. Eleven sites in the US and 9 sites in Japan participated in this substudy and have enrolled 34 subjects (I 7 subjects in the US and 17 subjects in Japan). The SPIRIT II clinical trial was a randomized, single-blind, active-control, multi-center clinical evaluation. Subject eligibility criteria were similar to the SPIRIT Ill clinical trial and enrollment duration overlapped between studies. In this study, 300 subjects (3:1 randomization XIENCE V:TAXUS) were enrolled at 28 sites outside the United States. The primary endpoint was in-stent late loss at 6 months. Secondary endpoints included clinical outcomes at 30, 180, 270 days and annually from I to 5 years; angiographic results at 180 days and 2 years; and IVUS results at 180 days and 2 years. Follow-up through 2 years is currently available, and yearly follow-up for clinical parameters through 5 years is ongoing. The SPIRIT FIRST clinical trial was a randomized, single-blind, control, multi-center first-in-man study. This trial was the first human study to evaluate the safety and performance of the XIENCE V stent. Sixty (60) subjects [XIENCE V stent (n-28) and MULTI-LINK VISION bare metal control stent (n-32)] were enrolled at 9 sites in Europe. The primary endpoint was in-stent late loss at 6 months assessed in the pertreatment evaluable population, and the major secondary endpoint was the percent instent volume obstruction (% VO) at 180 days based on IVUS analysis of the pertreatment evaluable population. Follow-up through 3 years is currently available, and yearly follow-up for clinical parameters through 5 years is ongoing. Table 8 summarizes the clinical trial designs for the SPIRIT family of trials.
2 Includes one subject ionm the 4.0 mtn non-randomiz arm zd
Page 28 of 67
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SPIRIlT Ill, a pivotal clinical trial, was desi ned to demonstrate the non-inferiority of the XIENCE V stent to the TAXUS EN PRESS TM stent and was conducted in the United States (11S) and Japan. The SPIRIT' Ill clinical trial consists of a US randomized clinical trial (RCT). a non-randomnized 4.0 mm diameter stent arm in the US, and a non-randomized arm in Japan. which included a pharnmacokinetic substudy. Enrollment is complete in the RCT and the Japan arm. Th SPIRIT Ill clinical trial included a pharmacokinetic suib-study in a subject subset derived le from the RCT and Japan non-randomnized arm (scee Section D Global Pharmacokinetics), I Eleven sites in the US and 9 sites in Japan participated in this substudy and have enrolled 34 subjects (I17 subjects in the US and 17 subjects in Japan). Venous blood was drawn at regular intervals for pharmacokinetics analysis of total blood everolimus level at pre-determined sites. Study D~esign SPIRIT FITI Randornized Clinical 'Frial (RCT) The SPIRlITIll RCT was a prospective, 2:1 (XIENCE V:TAXUS) randomized, activecontrolled, single-blinded, parallel, mnulti-center non-inferiority evaluation of the XLENCE V stent compared to the i'AXUS stent in the treatment of up to two de novo lesions 28 mm in length in native coronary arteries with RVD 2.5 mm to 3.75 mm. Given the available XIENCE V stent lengths of 8. 18 and 28 mm for this trial, in the XIENCE V arm, treatment of a target lesion > 22 mm and _<28 mm in length was accomplished by planned overlap of either two 18 mm stents or a 28 mm and an 8 mm stent. In the TAXUS arm, overlap was only permitted for bailout or to ensure adequate lesion coverage. The RCT was designed to enroll 1,002 subjects at up to 80 sites in the United States. All subjects had clinical follow-up at 30, 180, and 270 days, and annually from I to 5 years. A pre-specified subgroup of 564 subjects had angiographic follow-up at 240 days. Of these 564, 240 subjects had IVUS at baseline and at 240 days. Subjects that received a bailout stent also had IVUS at baseline and angiographic and IVUS follow-up at 240 days. Following the index procedure, all subjects were to be maintained on clopidogrel bisulfate daily for a minimum of 6 months and aspirin daily to he taken throughout the length of the trial (5 years). SPIRIT III RCT patients were randomized into follow-up coronary imaging subgroups: Group A: (N=240)
Follow-up
specified for 160 subjects enrolled in the XIENCE V arm and 80 subjects enrolled in the TAXWS arm. These subjects were also to be enrolled in the IVUS group (N-240)
Includes onie subject fromt the 4.0 mma non-randomrized armn
Page 30 of 67
at fixed number of pre-determined clinical sites and were to have follow-up IVUS at 240 days. Group B: (N=324) Follow-up angiography at 240 days during their office/hospital visit without followup IVUS at 240 days was specified for approximately 216 subjects enrolled in the XIFNCFt V arm and 108 subjects in the TAXUS arm. Group C: (N=438) No follow-up angiography or IVUS at 240 days was specified for 292 subjects in the XIENCE V arm and 146 subjects in the TAXUS arm. SPIRIT Ill US 4.0 Arm This was a prospective, single-arm, multi-center, clinical trial in the United States evaluating the 4.0 mm diameter XIENCE V stent compared to the TAXUS stent arm in the SPIRIT Ill Randomized Control Trial (RCT). At the time of database lock on June 14, 2007, a total of 69 of the 73 subjects that were enrolled into the SPIRIT 11i4.0 mm arm had reached their primary endpoint. Therefore, 69 subjects were included in the interim analysis. All subjects had clinical follow-up at 30, 180, 240, and 270 days, and annually from I to 5 years. In addition, all subjects had angiographic follow-up at 240 days. IVUS was performed in subjects who received a bailout stent at baseline and at 240 days. Following the index procedure, all subjects were to be maintained on clopidogrel bisulfate daily for a minimum of 6 months and aspirin daily to be taken throughout the length of the trial (5 years). Clinical Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria Enrollment in the SPIRIT II[RCT and 4.0 mm arms was limited to subjects who met the eligibility criteria and who provided a signed informed consent form prior to enrollment. Subjects had to be at least 18 years old, with evidence of myocardial ischemia based on the presence of angina, silent ischemia, a positive functional study or reversible ECG changes consistent with ischemia. Female subjects with childbearing potential had to have a negative pregnancy test within 7 days of the index procedure. Key angiographic inclusion criteria included a maximum of two de novo native coronary artery lesions, each within a different epicardial vessel. For the SPIRIT IIl RCT arm, the reference vessel diameter (RVD) had to be > 2.5 mm and < 3.75 mm, and for the SPIRIT IIl 4.0 mm arm, the RVD had to be > 3.75 mm and < 4.25 mm. For both the RCT and the 4.,: mm arm, lesion length had to be < 28 mm by visual estimation, percent diameter stenosis (%DS) > 50% and < 100%, and TIMI flow > 1. Subjects were not permitted to enroll in the SPIRIT III RCT and 4.0 mm arms if their lesions met any of the following key angiographic exclusion criteria: aorto-ostial location, left main location, excessive tortuosity, extreme angulation (> 900), heavy PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 31 of 67
calcification, target vessel containing thrombus, and other significant lesions (> 40 %DS) in the target vessel or side branch for which intervention was required within 9 months. If two target lesions were treated, each of these lesions had to meet all angiographic inclusion/exclusion criteria. Follow-up Schedule All subjects were scheduled to return postoperatively for a follow-up office/hospital visit at 30 days, telephone call/office visit follow-up at 180 and 270 days, an office/hospital visit at 240 days for angiographic follow-up, and an office/hospital visit or telephone call/office visit at 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 years. Stent Thrombosis Definitions Protocol defined stent thrombosis (ST) was categorized as acute (< 1 day), subacute (1 - 30 days) and late (> 30 days) and was defined as any of the following4: * Clinical presentation of acute coronary syndrome with angiographic evidence of stent thrombosis (angiographic appearance of thrombus within or adjacent to a previously treated target lesion) * In the absence of angiography, any unexplained death, or acute MI (ST segment elevation or new Q-wave) in the distribution of the target lesion within 30 days. All stent thrombosis events were also classified using the ST definitions proposed by the Academic Research Consortium (ARC) 6. This was performed by an independent event committee blinded to the treatment group of the individual subject. The committee categorized each incident of ST by timing and level of probability (definite, probable, possible), and relation to the original index procedure (primary, secondary after revascularization). These categories are defined as follows: Timing: * Early ST: 0 to 30 days post stent implantation * Late ST: 31 days to 1 year post stent implantation * Very late ST: > 1 year post stent implantation Level of probability: * Definite ST - considered to have occurred by either angiographic or pathologic confirmation. * Probable ST - considered to have occurred after intracoronary stenting in the following cases: 1. Any unexplained death within the first 30 days.
4For SPIRIT FIRST Stent Thrombosis is defined as total occlusion by angiography at the stent site with abrupt onset of symptoms, elevated biochemical markers, and ECG changes consistent with MI. 5Non-specific ST/T changes, and cardiac enzyme elevations do not suffice. 6 Cutlip DE, Windecker S, Mehran R, et al. Clinical end points in coronary stent trials: a case for standardized definitions. Circ 2007;1 15:2344-51.
Page 32 of 67
'-0
2. Irrespective of the time after the index procedure, any MI which is related to documented acute ischermia in the territory of the implanted stent without angiographic confirmation of ST and in the absence of any other obvious cause. Possible ST - considered to have occurred with any unexplained death following 30 days after the intracoronary stenting until the end of trial follow-up. 7
Clinical Endpoints SPIRIT III Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) The objective of the SPIRIT III RCT was to demonstrate the non-inferiority in insegment late loss at 240 days and target vessel failure at 270 days of the XIENCE V stent compared to the TAXUS stent in the treatment of up to two de novo lesions 28 mm in length in native coronary arteries with RVD 2.5 mm to 3.75 mm. If noninferiority was demonstrated, it was pre-specified that testing for superiority could be conducted. SPIRIT III US 4.0 Arm The objective of the SPIRIT III 4.0 mm arm was to demonstrate the non-inferiority in in-segment late loss at 240 days compared to the TAXUS arm of the RCT. Accountability of Subjects SPIRIT III Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) A total of 1002 subjects (intent-to-treat) were randomized and enrolled into the SPIRIT III RCT. At the time of database lock on June 14, 2007, 997 subjects (99.5%) completed the 30day follow-up; 987 subjects (98.5%) completed the 180-day follow-up; 972 subjects (97.0%) completed the 270-day follow-up, and 962 (96.0%) subjects completed the one-year followup. It should be noted that 973 subjects completed the 270-day follow-up. This result is based on the database which was locked on March 10, 2007 for the 270-day report. One TAXUS subject had the 270-day follow-up completed, but the study completion form for this subject was not updated in the database until it was locked on June 14, 2007 for the one-year report. Therefore, this subject was considered to be lost to follow-up at Day 214 post index procedure. Thus, the 270-day follow-up is reduced to 972 subjects (97.0%). A total of 947 subjects were included in the per-treatment evaluable population. As of June 14, 2007, 945 subjects (99.8%) completed the 30-day follow-up; 937 subjects (98.9%) completed the 180-day follow-up; 923 subjects (97.5%) completed the 270-day follow-up, and 913 (96.4%) subjects completed the one-year follow-up.
7All
data within this Instructions for Use is presented as definite + probable only.
Page 33 of 67
At the time of database lock on June 14, 2007, a total of 69 of the 73 subjects that were enrolled into the SPIRIT III 4.0 mm arm had reached their primary endpoint. Therefore, 69 subjects were included in the interim analysis. As of June 14, 2007, 69 subjects (100%) completed the 30-day follow-up; 67 subjects (97.1%) completed the 180-day, 270-day and one-year follow-ups.
RCT Radmzd4.0 N=1,002 mm Interim Analysis est,
XIENCEV N=669
~~~~~TAXUS
N=333 Ns3 Consent W/D (2) Consent W/D by physician (1)
(N=662
180 Day FU
~~~N=
Death (3) Lost to FU($) L~~~~~ Consent WID(1)
270-Day FU
Consent
368-Day FU
Page 34 of 67
L42
RCT
Randomized N=947
Regitr N69
XIENCEV N=636 j
~~~~~TAXUS
N=311
Lost to FU (2)i
~~~~~~~~N=4N2
Death (1) Lost to FU (1}
N~:)
Day FU
Death (3)
G~~~~~D
Death (4) Lost to FU (1) Consent WID (2)
G~~~~~~~~~:)
~~~~~~270-Day FU
N Det (2 Lot.oFU/
Lost t o:)365-Day
FU
Figure 4 SPIRIT III 1-Year Clinical Follow-Up Subject Disposition (Per-Treatment Evaluable) Study Population Demographics and Baseline Parameters SPIRIT III Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) The mean age was 63.2 years for the XIENCE V arm and 62.8 for the TAXUS arm. The XIENCE V had 70.1% (469/669) males and the TAXUS arm had 65.7% (218/332) males. The XIENCE V arm had 32.3% (215/666) subjects with prior cardiac interventions and the TAXUS arm had to 29.5% (98/332). The XIENCE V arm had 29.6% (198/669) subjects with a history of diabetes and the TAXUS arm had 27.9% (92/330). The XIENCE V had 15.4% (103/669) subjects with a lesion treated in two vessels and TAXUS had 15.4% (51/332). The XIENCE V arm had 8.1% (54/669) of subjects with planned stent overlap. The XIENCE V arm had 8.6% (57/666) of subjects with a history of prior CABG while the TAXUS arm had 3.6% (12/332) (p = 0.0033). The XIENCE V arm had 18.7% (123/657) of subjects with a history of unstable angina while the TAXUS arm had 25.1% (82/327) (p=0.0243). The remaining subject baseline clinical features were well-matched between the XIENCE V arm and the TAXUS arm. SPIRIT III US 4.0 Arm The mean age was 61.9 years for the XIENCE V 4.0 mm arm, with 72.5% (50/69) males, 21.7% (15/69) subjects with prior cardiac interventions, and 30.4% (21/69) subjects with a history of diabetes.
Page 35 of 67
Safetv and Effectiveness Results SPIRIT Ill Randomized Clinical Trial (RCT) The results are presented in Table 9 (Primary endpoints), Table I0 (Clinical Results), 'Fable 11 (Angiographic and IVUS Results), Figure 5 (TVF Free Survival) and Table 12 (ARCDefined Stent Thrombosis). These analyses are based on the intent to treat population. The co-primary endpoint of in-segment late loss at 240 days was met with measurements of 0.14 0.41 mm (301) for the XIENCE V arm and 0.28 0.48 mm (134) for the Taxus arm (p < 0.0001 for non-inferiority). In a prespecified analysis, the XIENCE V stent was shown to be superior to the TAXUS stent with respect to in-segment late loss at 240 days (p 0.0037). The co-primary endpoint of ischemia-driven TVF through 284 days was met with rates of 7.6% (50/657) for the XIFNCE V arm and 9.7% (31/320) for the Taxus arm (p < 0.001 for non-inferiority). Table 9 SPIRIT III RCT PrimaryEndpoints Results M XIENCE V Measuremens (N=669) TAXUS (N=333) (M=188) 0.28 0.48 (134) Difference NonSuperiority Inferiority P-Value P-Value I <
(M=376)
______
0.14 0.41
(301)
7.6% (50/657)
9.7% (31/320)
sNot Pre-
Notes: N is the total ..numbeof s1j0ecls; M is the Iota] r nutb er ofa. alysis lesions One iIsSPRI I III TAXUS arm sudbect did not p-ovide wit- en informled consent and was inadvepently randomized into the study Data from this stbjcct is excluded bonm all data analyses Analysis results istl dc 9 mointlI events identified at thie I year follow,-tip 8 lonsli atie fratte includes follow-tp windo (240 i 28 days) w 2 By nossisal approxstatil. One sided p-vaIse by snotn-isenority test using asy plotic test statistic wiIt nto-inferiority ntargm of 0 195 tas to be compared at a 0 025 significasneelevel Two-sided p-value by superiority test using two-satmple I-test, to be rompared al a 0.05 sigtificance level 9 snon.ts lilne frame includes I VF is defued as Itierarchieatfollow-sip window (270deasth, days)ischemic-driven TLR and ischenic-drive n H R TVR comiposite of cardiac * 14 MI, non-I One sided p- vluie by son-inferiority teat using asymptotic test statistic with nos inferiority margin of 5.5%, to be compared at a 0 05 significan e level
Page 36 of 67
___
COMPOSIT I95%
(2 2
5622/653) (18/3201%0
TL-R, CAlG
602%
(1/657) 246% I LR, 11C/ (17,6578 2.9% (19/657) 0.5%
0.0%
(0/320) 56DV, (I6/320) 4 1 (13/3208 066%
0.15%
[Assurp not met] -2.4I% [-5.09%, 0.27%} -1.17% 1 68%, I 34%)] -3 -0 17% .[ssunj not met] -1-00%
0.3%
(2/653) 3.1% (20/653) 3 1% (20,/653) 06 0(4/653) 25%
.
0
(0/320) 5.6% (18/320) 4.4% (14/320) 06% 0 26320) 38%
031%
Ischemia-Drivcn nonFLR IVR non-JI IR TVR, CAB non-i.R TvR, ,CI SAFETY All Death Cardijac Death
-,
J
6%-
(3/657)
(2/320)
34%
(16/687
24%
(11/320)
0.9% (3/32!1)
(16/653)
,
(12/320)
'1I1% (7/658)-
(4/658)
06%0./~
(3/658)
' 0.13% 'jAssump noI (~~~~~~~ -0.02% (2/321) ' -_[Assump not 0.14% (1/321) [Assump.,not
I 2
.%.%-.2
.4Jli
(3/321)
0.3% (1/321) 4.1% 09%
-
_Assum n. mnetj no~t I 0 ~~2% 02% -. 7 Assutm. not Imet 0.15% [Assm__not met] -131%
QMI1
NQMI __
l(15/657
0.2%
_ 2.9% 0.6% (4/654) 01% (I/669 _ Subcut 03% (2/667) 0.2%
3.1%
-
(10/320)
0.0%
-084%1/
1-3 06%,
1.38%] 0.15o%
03%
(253)
(13/320) 03%
(1/320 38%
(1/657) (0/3 20) 2 -1..6-5% !)9-A_25% %30 3.8% (19/657)I 0.0%0 (0/319) 00. (/330) 00% (0/330) 00%
[Assum. notmet) 2
Cardiac Death or MI Sient Thrombosis Protocol defined Acute Suacute Iday) I -30 days) Late
-
-0.86% [1/20 -3,30%, 1 59%] 061% [Assunt. notmet] [Assulp. no tmet] 0.30% JAssimp. not met] 0.15%
[Astpntmt]
30 clas)
(1/653D
(0/3192
Notes:
L Assumpnno
LI
3.4% 4.7% (22/653) 1/2) 0.8% 0.6% (5/647) (2/317) 0 1% 0.0% (I/6691_ (0/330) 0.3% 0.0% (2/667) [Assump 0/330) 0.3% 0.6% (2/646 _ 2/317
t__231)umnc
[,0% 8,]t 0 4/ Assunp not met] 0.15% tAssunp not met] 0.30% not met] -032% Assump not met
me
One subject imi SPIRII Ill TAXUS arm did not provide writtet inforned consent and was inadvertentl randomized into lie study Data from this subject is exchtded fioit all data analyses 9 iouth and I yar tSuine frames include follow-u;, window (270 +14 days and 365 + days) respectively 28 9 nlOtithsa analysis resuhIts inide 9 month events idenified a tShe y'ar follow-up I Assutp not int ieeans that assumptiotn of no rat approxiittihon not dte to snlalI satlple size s..frequency of evetts nset Cihidence [tnterva Iws calculated ustig the n ormal approsimtatn, inot adjsed for mt Siplit y and is meant for descriptive pt poses only yV1 defined as a h is ierarchical of cardiac death, Mt, iseieidriven ILK and isclheindsriven non- I LR [IVR copoie MACE is dtfied is a hierarchical co s of cardiac death, il, ischetc dri ven TI,R
Page 37 of 67
Page 37 67~~~5 of
T'AXUS (N=188
(ANCIO
2
(M~~~~~CI'VS8I)
(Mivtjs='93)2
2.71
+043
(425) 33
2 74 245
10 (220)4 1021 220) 06 1 1.10(-0.55, 2.74] -4.38 [-8.16, -0.601 -0.03 [-1.26, 1.19] -4.05 [-7.03, -1.061 -0.15 [-0.24, -0.5] -0.13 [-0.21, -0.104] -3.36% [-7.32%, 0.59%] -4.21% [-9.17%,O 075%] -10.74 [-20.92, -0.56] -4.30 [-7.72, -0.88] 8.86% [-7.46%, 25.19%]
9.28% [-4.97%, 23.52%]
8 Moniths25(05 In-Segmient NilIT) Post-Procedure 8 Months I n-Sleplt %(DS Post-Procedure 8 Month's Post-Procedure
_____t_
2 36p04 21 -0.78
0
01 065 (220)
10.30 21.43 (158) 2 13.92 720 (220) 7 22.82 I116 35 (158) 0.30 0.53 (158) 0.26
late Loss In-Stept In-Se.-nient In-Stem In-Segment Neoinlim-aI Volume (mm) %Volumne Obstructiop Post Procedure
_______onth _______
046 (15 8)
5.7% (9/15~8) 89% (14~/15 8) 20.871,13.51 (4 1) 11.21 9.86 (39) 25.6% (11/43)
16.3% (7/43)
~~24.4% (22/90)
II% (I1/90)
Notes: N iSstheioalI Lim bet of subjects~MANS,i thte I ,snterd of letia n ]c prtocol req tird angi ograpliic cAoltr and M,,, s 0 Iota ens 1 is ithe total number of lesi.on it tite protocol required IVIJS cohor. - (inc ssshce i itSPI RI ItII TA XLS ansdid nut provide writte nortrsd rssssetnt and was i tadvcrentl, radmze fi to tise ststdy Data fiotti tNi snbj ect is cxci sded frot .teal data analyses. -8 ..toth titne frame~ includes follow-sip window (240 28 days,) -Assttnp. wto net nscas I Iatit asitntiion ofn o.rtn approxisationi not n..et to stnal sample sire or fre tqelty of~cvett. .. dmtc Confidence Inst al was calettlated using tte stortnal approxi ... lion, not adjusted for tttltiplty and is mcant for, desrtptsxe a Pitt pose only
Page 38 of 67
-iA
Figure 5 SPIRIT III: Survival Free of Target Vessel Failure through 1 Year
*100%-
@5%
I~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
90%--
L__,~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~5-
I I)
'40 so
I
120 1 2
I
240 201
I
320
I
30 40
XIENCE V TAXUS
P-valuel
Note: - lhme Frame includes follow-up windo, (365 F 28 days) lP-value based on log rank and not adjusted tot ntulibple comuparisos..s
Table 12 SPIRIT III RCT ARC defined Definite+Probable Stent Thrombosis' Through 1 Year
XIENCE V
__
TAXUS
(N=333)
___(669)
NRC D)efinite+Probable Stent lhromhosis (0 days - e year) Acute ( < I day) Subacute ( I -30 days) Late (> 30 days)
Notes: One subject in SPIRI I TAXUIS arm did not provide written informed consent and was inadvenenwly randonsized into the I study Data from this subject is cxcluded fo a all data analyses Time Frame includes follow-up window (365 + 28 days) Assump not met means that assurnption of normal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events Sec definitins above -3e t Thr otnbsais Defuiutions oth fisdcnce Isntet al was caleulated nut pg e norusa aIrox un at ion , not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for decriptive t pLnl/osCs only
SPIRIT III US 4.0 mm Arm The results are presented in Table 13; (Primary endpoints), Table 14 (Clinical Results), Table 15 (Angiographic Results), and Table 16 (ARC-Defined Stent Thrombosis). These analyses were performed on the intent to treat population.
Page 39 of 67
LI]
The primary endpoint of in-segment late loss at 240 days was met with measurements of 0.17 0.38 mm (49) for the XIIFNCE V 4.0 mm arm and 0.28 0.48 nmm (134) for the Taxus arm from the SPIRIT III RCT (p < 0.00101 for non-inferiority). Tabl) 13 SPIRIT1III 4.0 mm Primary Endpoints Results ~~~~XIENCE V (M=69) TAXUS (M=188) Difference [95% C] Nn P-Valerirt
0.7+03
01703 4) 4)
<.0 0.0
Use1sLJ1 me ub t SP~IRI IIII VAX[IS amdid isol provide wr it-sit is sLbelis excluded Ibostsal data analy~ses
- Is sse rat, e ile sdes alo-n window, (240 Dy sos-ir..a] appro xinatio., On)e-sided a-val sicby iso-iser nylss tamg a
+ 28 days)
iesssalaisti C l tnIP
IIsSnill
'si
nl
hill,
to be com~pared at a 0.1038
Page 40 of 67
ENCE
(N=69) COMPOSITE EFFICACY & SAFETY TVF1 MACE 2 EFFICACY lschemia-Driven TLR 1/68 (1/68) 0.0% (0/68) 1.5% (1/68) 0.0% (0/68) 0.0% (0/68) 0.0% (0/6 (0/68)
1.5% 1.5%
Ischemia-Driven nonTLR TVR non-TLR TVR, CABG non-TLR TVR, PCI SAFETY
1/68 (1/68) 0.0% (0/68) 1.5% (1/68) 0.0% (0/68) 0.0% (0/68) 0.0% (068 (0/68)
1.5%
1.5%
All Death
(1/68) 1.5% (1/68) 0/68 (0/68) 4.4% (3/68) 0.0% (0/68) 4.4% (3/68)
5.9% (498 (4/68) 1.5% (1/67) 1.4% (1/69) 0.0% (0/69) 0.0% (0/67) 0.0%
Non-Cardiac Death Ml ml
0/68 (0/68)
0.0%
~~~~~~~4.4%
(3/68) 0.0% (0/68) 4.4% (3/68)
5.9% (468 (4/68) 1.5% (1/67) 1.4% (1/69) 0.0% (0/69) 0.0% (0/67)
Cardiac Death or Ml Stent Thrombosis Protocol defined Acute ( < I day) Subacute ( I - 30 days) Late (> 30 days)
Notes: - 9 months and 1 year time frames include follow-up window (270 +14 days and 365 +28 days) respectively. 9 month analysis includes 9 month events identified at the I year follow-up, TVF is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR and ischemic-driven non-TLR TVR. 2 MACE is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR.
Page 41 of 67
3.46 0.38 (69) 3.36 0,46 (49) 3.07 0.43 (69) 2.91 0.51 (49) 2.12 10.27 (69) 4.78 13.20 (49) 13.42 8.08 (69) 17,92 10.83 (49) 0.12 -0.34 (49) 0.17 -0.38 (49) 0.0% (0/49) 2.0% (1/49)
N is the total number of subjects; M is the total number of lesions at baseline 8 month time frame includes follow-up window (240 + 28 days)
Table 16: SPIRIT III 4.0mm ARC defined Definite+Probable Stent Thrombosis' Through 1 Year
XIENCE V
(N=9)
C Definite+Probable Stent Thrombosis (0 days - I year) Acute ( < I day) Subacute ( I - 30 days) Late (> 30 days) Notes: - Time frame includes follow-up window (365 + 28 days) See definitions above -Stent Thrombosis Definitions 0.0%/6 (0/67) 0.0% (0/69) 0.0% (0/69) 0.0% (0/67)
B.
Study Design The SPIRIT II clinical study was a prospective, active-control, 3:1 (XIENCE V:TAXUS) randomized, single-blind, multi-center non-inferiority evaluation of the XIENCE V stent compared to the TAXUS stent in the treatment of up to two de novo lesions < 28 mm in length in native coronary arteries with RVD > 2.5 mm to < 4.25 mm. Given the available PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 42 of 67
Xience V stent lengths of 8, 18 and 28 mm for this trial, in the Xience V arm, treatment of a target lesion > 22 mm and < 28 mm in length was accomplished by planned overlap of either two 18 mm stents or a 28 mm and an 8 mm stent. In the TAXUS arm, overlap was only permitted for bailout or to ensure adequate lesion coverage. Three hundred (300) subjects were enrolled in the study at 28 international sites in Europe, India and New Zealand. All subjects had clinical follow-up at 30, 180, and 270 days, and annually from I to 5 years. All subjects had angiographic follow-up at 180 days with planned additional angiographic and IVUS follow-up at 2 years in a pre-specified subgroup of 152 consecutively enrolled subjects at selected sites. Following the index procedure, all subjects were to be maintained on clopidogrel bisulfate daily for a minimum of 6 months and aspirin daily to be taken throughout the length of the trial (5 years). A subgroup of 39 subjects were enrolled in a pharmacokinetic (PK) substudy. Venous blood was drawn at regular intervals for PK analysis of total blood everolimus level at 7 predetermined sites. ClinicalInclusion and Exclusion Criteria Enrollment in the SPIRIT II clinical trial was limited to subjects who met the eligibility criteria and who provided a signed informed consent form prior to enrollment. Subjects had to be at least 18 years old, with evidence of myocardial ischemia based on the presence of angina, silent ischemia, a positive functional study or reversible ECG changes consistent with ischemia. Female subjects with childbearing potential had to have a negative pregnancy test within 7 days of the index procedure. Key angiographic inclusion criteria included a maximum of two de novo native coronary artery lesions, each within a different epicardial vessel. For the SPIRIT III RCT arm, the reference vessel diameter (RVD) had to be > 2.5 mm and < 3.75 mm, and for the SPIRIT III 4.0 mm arm, the RVD had to be > 3.75 mm and < 4.25 mm. For both the RCT and the 4.0 mm arm, lesion length had to be < 28 mm by visual estimation, percent diameter stenosis (%DS) > 50% and < 100%, and TIMI flow> 1. Follow-up Schedule All subjects were scheduled to have clinical follow-up at 30, 180, 270 days and 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years, and angiographic follow-up at baseline and 180 days.. A subgroup of 152 consecutive subjects were enrolled at selected sites were scheduled to have IVUS follow-up at baseline, 180 days, 2 years, and angiographic follow-up at 2 years. Stent Thrombosis Definitions The protocol and ARC definitions used in SPIRIT II were the same as those described in "Stent Thrombosis Definitions PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 43 of 67
57
above. Clinical Endpoint The objective of the SPIRIT II clinical study was to demonstrate the non-inferiority in in-stent late loss at 180 days of the XIENCE V stent compared to the TAXUS stent in subjects with a maximum of two de novo native coronary artery lesions, each in a different epicardial vessel. If non-inferiority was demonstrated, it was pre-specified that testing for superiority could be conducted. Accountability of Subjects A total of 300 subjects (intent-to-treat) were randomized and enrolled into the SPIRIT II study. At the time of database lock on February 16, 2007, all subjects (100%) completed the 30-day follow-up; 298 subjects (99.3%) completed the 180-day follow-up; 296 subjects (98.7%) completed the 270-day and 365-day follow-up. A total of 292 subjects (per-treatment evaluable) were enrolled into the SPIRIT II study. At the time of database lock on February 16, 2007, all subjects (100%) completed the 30-day follow-up; 290 subjects (99.3%) completed the 180-day follow-up; 288 subjects (98.6%) completed the 270-day and 365-day follow-up.
380-Day FU
N22
N7
30-Day FU
180-Day EU
CH=222
27 10-Day FU
365-Day EU
N 20
=7
365-Day EU
Page 44 of 67
Study Population Demoigraphics and Baseline Parameters The mean age was 62.0 years for the XIENCE V arm and 61.9 years for the TAXUS arm. The XIENCE V had 70.9% (158/223) males and the TAXUS arm had 79.2% (61/77) males. The XIENCE V arm had 23.3% (52/223) subjects with prior cardiac interventions and the TAXUS arm had to 22.1% (17/77). The XIENCE V arm had 22.9% (51/223) subjects with a history of diabetes and the TAXUS arm had 23.7% (18/76). The XIENCE V had 16.6% (37/223) subjects with a lesion treated in two vessels and TAXUS had 18.2% (14/77). The XIENCE V arm had 10.8% (24/223) of subjects with planned stent overlap. The XIENCE V arm had 18.4% (40/217) of subjects with a history of an MI within two months while the TAXUS arm had 7.8% (6/77) (p=0.0284). The remaining subject baseline clinical features were well-matched between the XIENCEV arm and the TAXUS arm. Safety and Effectiveness Results The results are presented in Table 17 (Primary endpoint), Table 18 (Clinical Results), Table 18 (Angiographic and IVUS Results), and Table 20 (ARC-Defined Stent Thrombosis). These analyses were based on the intent to treat population. The primary endpoint of in-stent late loss at 180 days was met with measurements of 0.11 0.27 mm (201) for the XIENCE V arm and 0.36 0.39 mm (73) for the Taxus arm (p < 0.000 1 for non-inferiority). In a prespecified analysis, the XIENCE V stent was shown to be superior to the TAXUS stent with respect to in-stent late loss at 180 days (p < 0.0001).
Table 17 SPIRIT Primary Endpoint Result I I
Measurements
DNon
f95% CI C11 [
-0.11 [-0.34, -0.15] 1
Day 1 Loss,
-0.24
Notes: - N is the number of subjects and M is the total number of analysis lesions. 1By normal approximation. 2 One-sided p-value by non-inferiority test using asymptotic test statistic with non-inferiority margin of 0.16 mm, to be compared at a 0.0448 significance level 3P-value from two-sided t-test
Page 45 of 67
3.6% (8/222) 2.7% (6/222) 1.8% (4/222) 0.0% (0/222) 1.8% (4/222) 0.9% (2/222 0.0% (0/222) 0.9% (2/222) 0.0% (0/222) 0.0% (0/222) 0.0% (0/222) 0.9% (2/222) 0.0% (0/222) 0.9% (2/222) 0.9% (2/222) 0.5% (1/222) 0.0% (0/223) 0.0% (0/223) 0.5% (1/222)
6.5% (5/77) 6.5% (5/77) 3.9% (3/77) 0.0% (0/77) 3.9% 3/77) 1.3% (1/77) 0.0% (0/77) 1.3% (1/77)
-2.89% [-8.92%, 3.14%] -3.79% [-9.69%, 2.11%] -2.09% [Assump. not fulfilled] 0.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -2.09% [Assump. not fulfilled] -0.40% [Assump. not fulfilled] 0.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -0.40% [Assump. not fulfilled]
10,0% (21/211) 6.6% (14/211) 3.8% 8/211 0.0% (0/211) 3.8% (8/211) 3.8% (8/211) 0.5% (1/211) 3.3% (7/211) 3.7% (8/218) 0.5% (1/218) 3.2% (7/218) 2.8% (6/211) 0.0% (0/211) 2.8% (6/211) 3.3% (7/211) 1.9% (4/211) 0.0% (0/223) 0.0% (0/223) 1.9% (4/211)
12.3% (9/73) 11.0% (8/73) 6.8% 5/73 0.0% (0/73) 6.8% (5/73) 4.1% (3/73) 0.0% (0/73) 4.1% (3/73) 6.5% (5/77) 5.2% (4/77) 5.5% (4/73) 0.0% (0/73) 5.5% (4/73) 5.5% (4/73) 1.4% (1/73) 0.0% (0/77) 0.0% (0/77) 1.4% (1/73)
-2.38% [-10.93%, 6.18%] -4.32% [-12.24%, 3.59%] -3.06% [-9.40%, 3.28%] 0.00% [Assump. not met] -3.06% [-9.40%, 3,28%] -0.32% [Assump. not met] 0.47% [Assump. not met] -0.79% [Assump. not met] -2.82% [-8.87%, 3.22] . 4 -0.84% [Assump. not met] -1.98% [Assump. not met] -2.64% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] -2.64% [Assump. not met] -2.16% [Assump. not met] 0.53% [Assump, not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.53% [Assump. not met]
non-TLR TVR, PC] SAFETY All Death Cardiac Death Non-cardiac Death ml QMI NQMI
-1.30% 1.3% (1/77) [Assump. not fulfilled] -1.30% 1.3% 11.3%(1/77)[Assump. not fulfilled] (1/77) 1.3% (1/77) 3.9% (3/77) 0.0% (0/77) 3.9% (3/77) 3.9% (3/77) 1.3% (1/77) 0.0% (0/77) 0.0% (0/77) 1.3% (1/77) -1.30% [Assump. not fulfilled] -3.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] 0.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -3.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -3.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -0.85% [Assump. not fulfilled] 0.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] 0.00% [Assump. not fulfilled] -0.85% [Assump. not fulfilled]
Stent Thrombosis Protocol defined Acute (< I day) Subacute ( I - 30 days) Late (> 30 days)
Note: - 6 months and 2 year time frames include follow-up window (180 +14 days and 730 + 28 days)
- Assump. not met means that assumption of nornal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events. Confidence Interval was calculated using the normal approximation, not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for descriptive purposes only. TVF is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR and ischemic-driven non-TLR TVR 'MACE is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR
Page 46 of 67
Note: - N is the total number of subjects; M is the total number of lesions. - Assump. not met means that assumption of normal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events. Confidence Interval was calculated using the normal approximation, not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for descriptive purposes only.
Page 47 of 67
C.
In order to better estimate the incidence of low frequency events or outcomes in various specific subject subgroups, a subject-level pooled analysis was conducted of both randomized trials comparing the XIENCE V stent versus the TAXUS stent. Data from the SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III clinical trials were pooled to compare the XIENCE V stent to the TAXUS control stent in 1302 subjects out to 1 year (393 days) of follow-up. These two studies have subjects with similar baseline and angiographic characteristics and the key elements of study design including inclusion and exclusion criteria and endpoint definitions are comparable. The subject level data were included until the latest available time point of 1 year for each trial. Table 21 shows the subject disposition over time for the SPIRIT II and III RCT. The percentage of the total number of subjects that were enrolled in the studies and completed their 1 year follow-up was 96.5%. Table 21 Subject Disposition Table (N1302; SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III RCT) 30-Day Follow-up 9-Month Follow-up 1-Year Follow-up XIENCE V (890) XIENCEV (873 XIENCE V (866) SPIRIT II SPIRIT SPIRIT II SPIRIT SPIRIT IT SPIRIT
III
Subjects
223
667
iII 220
653
220
TAXU SPRT
76
III 646
(92) SPIRIT
316
330
It is acknowledged that these retrospective pooled analyses are exploratory and hypothesisgenerating. Definitive proof of the presence or absence of any differences between such subgroups requires prospectively powered assessment in dedicated clinical trials. The pooled PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 48 of 67
analysis from SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III trials includes subjects from single-blind trials with similar inclusion and exclusion criteria in 1,302 subjects with 1,506 lesions. As shown in Figure 7, at one year, the analyses of pooled trials suggest a reduction in the rates of TVR and TLR for the XIENCE V stent compared to the TAXUS stent through one year. All CI bars represent a 1.5 standard error. Figure 7 Kaplan Meier Hazard Curves for Time to First TVR or TLR event through 393 Days (Pooled SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III RCTs) TVR (Includes TLR and Non-TLR TVR)
10-
8OT 6-
4
2-
5.6 %
0
I I I I
90
180
270
360
450
0 ~' C)
20,.m ~0
~'~_
T'2.7%/
90
180
270
36o
450....----~
Page 49 of 67
3.%
90
180
270
380
450
Pooled analyses of the rates of all death, cardiac death, and non-cardiac death through I year are shown in Figure 8.
Nigure Meier Hazard 8 Kaplan Curves for Time t Death through 393 Days o
XIENCE V
TAXUS
90
100
270
360
450
Page 50 of 67
Cardiac Death
6-_
XIENCE V
-
TAXUS
21.0%
0-
~
90
~~
~
180
~~-0.
270 360
6%
450
Non-Cardiac Death 0
o 46TAXUS - XIENCE V p= 0.8894 (Log rank test)
2-
__________________
~ -
~I
~ I
270
90
180
Page 51 of 67
Pooled analyses of the rates of MIs through 1 year are shown in Figure 9. Figure 9 Kaplan Meier Hazard Curves for Time to First MI Event through 393 Days (Pooled SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III RCTs) All MI
64 --
00
II
tI
90
180
270
360
450
Q-Wave MI
6-0
Page 52 of 67
Non-Q-Wave MI 6I-0T
T 31
O ~-
2 2
0
T
---
r-~~
./
270 360
2.0%
90
180
450
Stent Thrombosis in SPIRIT I1 and SPIRIT III Pooled Analysis The results for the pooled analysis rates of stent thrombosis are shown below in Figure II at one year. Rates were low for both treatments in this pooled analysis and consistent with the published literature 8 . The rates of stent thrombosis were evaluated based on the SPIRIT 11 and III protocol defined definition and the ARC definition for definite + probable stent thrombosis (see definitions above in Stent Thrombosis Definitions ). The results for protocol and ARC definitions of stent thrombosis over time are summarized in Table 22. Table 22 Pooled Results for Stent Thrombosis through I year (SPIRIT 1I and SPIRIT III RCT)
XIIENCE V (N=892) 0 -30 days Protocol ARC (definite probable) + I Ldays - I year Protocol ARC (definite + probable) 0-I year Protocol ARC (definite + probable)
N ,,t:t,.ie.. . o
CI.
TAXUS (N=410) 0.0% (0/407) 02% (1/407) 08%(3/394) 0.8% (3/394) 08%(3/394) 0.8% (3/394)
95CI
03% (3/890) 04% (4/890) C3% (3/866) C3% (3/867) 0.7% (6/867) 0 8% (7/868)
[0.07%, 098%] [0 12%, 1.15%] [0.07%, 10I%] [0.07%,1.01%] [025%,150%] [032% 165%]
28 days)
[000%, 0.90%] [0.01%, 1.36%] [016%,221%] [0.16%, 2 21%] [0.16%, 2.21%] [0.16%, 2.21%]
Ellis SG CA, Grube E, Popma J, Koglin J, Dtwkins KD, Stone GW Incidence, tining, tard correlates of stent thrombosis with the polymeric paclitaxcl drug-eftting stent: it TAXUS II IV', V,and VI nmeta-anatys is of 3,445 patients followed for tip to 3 years JAAm Coil Cordio[ 200749:1043-1051
Page 53 of 67
B* CkIpl/i
Figure 11 Kaplan Meier Hazard Curves for Time to First Stent Thrombosis Event through 393 Days (Pooled SPIRIT 11 and SPIRIT III RCTs) Protocol Delfined StentTIrombosis 6-
E
2 0' L0.8%
0
0 90
--
---
"
270 360
0.7%
450
180
ARC Defined Stent Thrombosis (Definite + Probable) 6 XIENCE V - TAXUS p= 0.9,280 (Log rank test)
E 2-
+~~~~~~~~
180
270
36
450
Page 54 o1'67
22
C2. Diabetics in SPIRIT I1 and SPIRIT III Pooled Analysis Diabetic subjects comprise an important subject subgroup that is at increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Although diabetic subjects were included in the SPIRIT family of trials, there were no pre-specified hypothesis or trial features that warrant a specific labeled indication for the use of the XIENCE V stent in diabetic individuals. Table 23 shows the clinical outcomes through 1 year in subjects pooled from SPRIT ii and I11. The randomization was stratified by history of diabetes to assure a balance between the XIENCI, V and TAXUS treatment arims. In XIENCE V patients, there are numerically higher eveni rates in diabetics compared with non-diabetics. The event rates for TAXUS in diabetics were lower than the event rates for TAXUS nondiabetics. Given the relatively small sample size of the diabetic population and potential for confounding variables, no conclusion can be drawn from these post-hoe analyses. Table 23 Clinical Results in Diabetics and Non-Diabetics through I year (SPIRIT II and SPIRIT III RCT Pooled Population)
Non-nierarchical TIN TVR All Death Cardiac Death Non-Cardiac Death Ml Cardiac Death or MI Stent T hrombosis Protocol defined ARCdefinite+probable 0.5% (3/627) 033% (2/627) [.0% (3/287) 0.7% (2/287) 1.3% (3/240) 2.1% (5/241) 0 0% (0/104) 1.0% (1/104) Non-Diabetics XIENCE V (N=643) 2.5% (16/629) 4.9% (3 1/629) 1.0% (6/631) 03% (2/629) 0.6%(4/631) 1I4%(9/629) 1.7% (11/629) Non-Diabetics TAXUS (N=296) 7 6% (22/290) 9.0% (26/290) 2.4% (7/291) 14% (4/290) 10%(3/291) 4.5%(13/290) 5 2% (15/290) All Diabetics XIENCE V (N=249) 4.5% (11/244) 7.4% (18/244) 2 0% (5/246) 1 2% (3/244) 0.8%(2/246) 4.5%0(1/244) 5.3% (13/244) All Diabetics TAXUS (N=1I0) 1.0% (1/104) 2.9% (3/104) 0 0% (0/104) 0 0% (0/104) 0.0% (0/104) 2.9%(3/104) 2 9% (3/104)
Table 24 Clinical Results in Diabetics through I year (SPIRIT IIand SPIRIT III RCT Pooled Population - XIENCE VSubjects)
Non Diabttcs All Diabetics lInsulin-Depensent Non-Insulin-Dependent Diabetics Diabetics (N=63) (N=186) 6.5% (4/62) 8 1% (5/62) 3.2% (2/63) 1.6% (1/63) 1 6% (I/63) 3.8% (7/182) 7.1% (13/182) 1.6% (3/183) 1 1% (2/183) 0.5% (1/183)
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I.4%i9/629) P7 1/29
lnsulin-lDependent Non-fInsulin-Depeudcrnt Diabetics Diabetics (N=63) (N~186) 4.5%~~~~~(1I/244 .t(/2 2.7%(5/182) .(1/4) 9.%(/2
3.8% (7/182)
or il
Simit I hrombosis Protocol deflned ARC definite p robable 0.5%~, (3/627) 0.3% (2/627) 1.3`1% (3/240) 2.1%~' (5/24]1) .6% (1/61) 1.6% (1/6 1) 1.1%'/ (2/1179) 2.2% (4/1 80)
(3. Duai Vessel treatment in SPIRIT II and SPI1RIT III Pooled Analysis Subjects requiring treatment in more than one vessel comprise a subgroup that is at increased risk for cardiovascular events compared with single vessel disease patients. Although subjects requiring both single and dual vessel treatment were included inl the SPIRIT family of trials, there were no pre-specified hypothesis or trial features that warrant a specific labeled indication for the use of the XIENCE V stent in dual vessel individuals. Table 25 shows the clinical outcomes through 1 year in subjects pooled from SPIRIT 1I and III. The randomization was stratified by the number of vessels treated to assure a balance between the XIENCE V and TAXUS treatment arms. Numerically lower event rates were observed for XIENCE V and TAXUS in single compared to dual vessel treatment. However, ~iven the small sample size for dual vessel treatment, no conclusion can be drawn from this post-hoc analysis. 'Fable 25 Clinical Results in Single and Dual Vessel Treatment through 1 year (SPIRIT and SPIRIT III RCT Pooled Population) II
Single Vessel XIENCE V (N=752) 1LR(175 TVZ All Det Cardiac Death Non-Cardiac Death ml~~~~~~ Single Vessel TAXUS (N=344) Dual Vessel XIENCE V (N=140) (6/13) Dual Vessel TAXLJS (N=65) 25% (8/64) (10/64)
4,5% (15/333)43 (3/35) 5.7% (19/333)94 (1/79 0 7% (5/735) 0 8% (6/739) 9% (14/735) 1.2% (4/333)00 0.6% (2/333) 06% (2/333) 3.0% (10/333)
(13/13)156 (0113)
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1).
Global Pharmacokinetics
StudvDesign Subjects enrolled at pre-specified sites in the SPIRIT Ill and SPIRIT II studies were invited to participate in the pharmacokinctic substudy. The global pharmacokinetic data includes a total of'73 subjects (SPIRIT III US, n=17; SPIRIT III Japan, n=17; SPIRIT ii OUS, nr39). [his includes patients with both single vessel/lesion treatment and dual vessel/lesion treatment. Venous blood was scheduled to be drawn at baseline (prior to Is stent implant), at 10, 30 minutes, and at 1, 2, 4, 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 168 and 720 hours (30 days) post-stent implantation. Endpoints The primary objective of the pharmacokinetic substudies was to demonstrate the elution of everolimus from the XIENCE V stent in three different geographies. Both SPIRIT i1 conducted in Europe and SPIRIT III conducted in the United States (Randomized Control Trial - RCT) and Japan (registry) contained pharmacokinetic substudies. Methods Whole blood samples were temporarily stored at -30C or lower at investigational sites and were shipped to a central core laboratory, regardless of the study region, The methodology for everolimus extraction from whole blood and LC-MS/MS analysis was prepared and provided by the core laboratory. Pharmacokinetic analysis of the everolimus blood concentration-time data was conducted using noncompartmental methods. Study Population Demographics Patients eligible for participation in ihe SPIRIT III and SPIRIT It studies were eligible to enroll in the pharmacokinetic substudy. The characteristics of the US pharmacokinetic substudy participants are similar to the characteristics of the entire population that participated in the US RCT. Results The results of the pharmacokinetic studies are presented in Table 26 below. In the SPIRIT family of clinical studies, everolimus blood levels were not detected beyond 168 hours post stent implantation except in one patient where blood levels were detected at 720 hours (30 days) post stent implantation. An analytical method with a lower limit of quantitation (1,LOQ) of 0.1 ng/mL was used to detect everolimus blood levels in these studies. These findings are consistent with the results of preclinical studies using multiple stents with total everolimus doses above the dose present in clinically available stent systems using a similar assay with LIOQ of 0.1 ng/mL. In all three geographies, the Crnax never reached the minimum therapeutic value of 3.0 ng/mL necessary for effective systemic administration to prevent organ rejection. The PK parameters representing elimination; t,%, AUC _ , AUCit, AUCo, 01
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and CL could also not be determined accurately due to rapid everolimus disappearance from blood. These types of results have been seen with other drug-cluting stents. LEverolimus disappearance from circulation following XIENCE V Stent implantation should further limit systemic exposure and adverse events associated with long-term systemic administration at therapeutic levels. Despite limited systemic exposure to everolimus, local arterial delivery has been demonstrated in pre-clinical studies. Table 26 Whole Blood Everolimus Pharmacokinetic Parameters in Patients Following XIENCE V Stent Implantation
SPIRIT III RCT and 4.0 Arm (pg)
2.5-3.0.) x gmm
35)
DosetA
,,,,. (h)
ti~s (h)~
+ SD
88 pg
~0.050 (0.50-1.88)
0.50 (0.07-1.00)
3.>-4.0 x28m :
1 pg
79.08
57.24
2373
363
4400 28.67
5.130+2114
5357+ 934
(~~~)
250-3 043269 I7) (n=13)
3
tilnax (0)
Cmt (11g/na)
i/2 (h)
5~
n (ng
L hi/mL)
n~m) (ng L
~~~~~~~~~~~~ (L/h) ~ C Lh
mean SD 8066 6.443
mean SD 046
01507
mean SD 8255
+ 5.863
.S-40 x IX ra (3-40)
3n5-4.0 x 28 aim
5.332
048
Aceuate deter. r nation not possible dueito rapid disappearance of evealirns corntles blood hII for l 2 arid CI. i nr 3 toe I anidClI
[m () tic to Imiitximt.. COlrce'niratiori ni = C.,i, aaxiiiim observed blood eoraceiira/ioii
M>(h)= loairirl phase haif-lite AUC r AUGC_, - lie area beneath tIe blood coneentialmn vtfrsui time cave: tine zero to the final qarrifiabie concentration All C tJe rca beneath the blood concentrationverss tne cre: time zero to the extrapolated firiie nme CI. tlotl blcmd clearance
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XI.
SPIRIT FIRST Randomized Clinical Trial Study Design SPIRIT FIRST was a single-blind multi-center randomized controlled trial to assess the safety and performance of everolimns eluting from a durable polymer on a cobalt chromium stent (XIENCE V stent) in subjects with de novo native coronary artery lesions. Sixty (60) subjects were enrolled in the study with a per-treatment evaluable population of 56 patients. All subjects had clinical follow-up at 30, 180, and 270 days, and annually from I to 5 years. All subjects had angiography and IVUS at baseline, 180 days and 1 year. Following the index procedure, all subjects were to be maintained on clopidogrel bisultate daily for a minimum of 3 months and aspirin daily to be taken throughout the length of the trial (1 year). Clinical Endpoint The objective of the SPIRIT FIRST randomized clinical trial was to assess the feasibility and performance of the XIENCE V stent (called VISION-E within the SPIRIT FIRST study) in the treatment of subjects with de novo native coronary artery lesions. This study compared the XIENCE V stent to a matched uncoated metallic stent control (MULTI-LINK VISION). Study Population Demographics and Baseline Parameters The mean age was 64.2 years for the XIENCE V arm and 61.4 years for the VISION arm. The XIENCE V had 70.4% (19/27) males and the VISION arm had 75.9% (22/29) males. The XIENCE V arm had 18.5% (5/27) subjects with prior cardiac interventions and the VISION arm had to 6.9% (2/29). The XIENCE V arm had 11.1% (3/27) subjects with a history of diabetes and the VISION arm had 10.3% (3/29). XIENCE V arm had 70.4% (19/27) of subjects with hypertension requiring medication while the VISION arm had 41.4% (12/29) (p-0.035). The remaining subject baseline clinical features were well-matched between the XIENCE V arm and the VISION arm.
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4e7
Safety and Effectiveness Results The results are presented in Table 27 (Primary endpoint), Table 28 (Clinical Results), Table 29 (Angiographic and iVUS Results), and Table 30 (ARC-Defined Stent Thrombosis). These analyses were based on the per protocol evaluable population. The primary superiority endpoint of in-stent late loss at 180 days was met with measurements of 0.10 0.23 mm (23) for the XIENCE V arm and 0.85 0.36 mm (27) for the MUJI,TILINK VISION arm (p < 0.0001). Table 27 SPIRIT FIRST Primary Endpoint Result XIENCE V (N = 27) 180 Days Late Loss, In-stent (mm)
B
VISION (N = 29)
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Page 60 of 67
OUTCOMES AT 3 YEARS' (latest available follow-up) XIENCE V ( =27 VISION (N = 29) Difference [95%/ Cl]2
VISION N = 29)
~(6/28)
3.8% (1/26)
__
21.4% (6/28)
-17.58% [Assump. not met] -3.57% [Assump. not met] -14.01% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 000 [Assump. not met] 0.00% ~~~[Assump. not met
7.7% .. Z2/26
(0/26)
25.0% (7/28) 3.6% (1/28) 21.4% (6/28) 10.7% (3/28) 3.6% (1/28) 7.1% (/8
-17.31% [Assump. not met] -3.57% [Assump. not met] -13.74% [Assump. not met] -10.71% [Assump. not met] -3.57% [Assump. not met] -7.14% [Assump. not met)
_(0/26)
TLR, PCI TLR, PCI Ischernia-Driven nonTLR TVR non-TLR TVR, CABG non-TLR TVR, PCI SAFETY All Death Cardiac Death Non-Cardiac Death ml MI
3.6% (1/28) ~3.8% ~~~~(1/26)17.9% (5/28) 0.0% (0/26) 0.0% (0/26) 0.0% 0.0% (0/28) .0 (0/28) 0.0% (0/28)
0.0%
0.0%
(0/26
0.00% [Assump. not met] [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met]
0.0% (0/26)
0.0% (0/2 8) (0/28) 0.0% (028) 0.0% 0/2 8) 0.0% (0/28) 0.0% (0/28) 0.0% (0/28) 0.0% (0/28) 0.0% (0/29) 0.0% _0/29) 00 (0/2
0.00% [Assump. not met] [Assump. not met] 0.00% [sup o met 7.69% [Assump. not met] 3.85% 1[Assump. not met] 3.85% [Assump. not met] 7.69% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% Assump. not met] .0 Asup0otmt
o_0.0%-
0.00%
0.0%
0/_DL26J 0.0% 0/L26 7.7% (2/26) 3.8% (1/26) 3.8% (1/26) 7.7% (2/26) 0.0% 0.0% (0/27) 0.0% 0/27) 0.0% (0/26)
0.0%
0.00%
QMI QM1 NQMl Cardiac Death or MI Stent Thrombosis Protocol defined Acute (< I day) Subacute (I- 30 days) Late (>30 days)
3.85% ~ ~~~~~28 met] [Assump. not ~~3.8% 0.0% 3.85% 0/28) [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 3.85% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [As .no e]0/26) 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 1 [Assump. not met]
0.0% (0/2 8 0.0% ~ _(0/28) 0.0% __(0/2 8 _ 0.0% (0/29) 0.0% 0/29) 0.%0.00% ~~~~(0/26)(00/02%8
Note: - Assump. not met means that assumption of normal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events. '6 month and 3 year time frames include follow-up window (I180+14 days and 730 + 28 days) respectively. 2Confidence Interval was calculated using the normal approximation, not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for descriptive purposes only. TVF is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR and ischemic-driven non-TLR TVR MACE is defined as a hierarchical composite of cardiac death, MI, ischemic-driven TLR
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VISION (N = 29)
0.37 (27)
0.0% (0/27)
10.7% (3/28)
0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met] 0.00% [Assump. not met]
Note: - Assump. not met means that assumption of normal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events.
lConfidence Intervat was calcutated using the normat approximation, not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for descriptive
purposes only.
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-76
~~~~~~0.0% (0/27)
0.0% (0/26)
~~~~0,0% (0/26)
(I - 3 years) 0.0% (0/26) 0.0% (0/28) [Assump. not met] Note: - Assump. not met means that assumption of normal approximation not met due to small sample size or frequency of events. Confidence Interval was calculated using the normal approximation, not adjusted for multiplicity and is meant for descriptive purposes only
XII.
A. Panel Meetin2 Recommendation At an advisory meeting held on November 29, 2007, the Circulatory Systems Devices Panel recommended by a vote of 9 to 1 that Abbott's PMA for the XIENCE V Everolimus Eluting Stent System be approved subject to the submission to, and approval by, the Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) of the following: 1. A post-approval study, the details of which to be worked out between the FDA and the applicant. 2. Labeling that includes language regarding dual antiplatelet therapy use consistent with FDA's proposed changes to currently approved drug-eluting stent labeling following the December 2006 Circulatory System Devices Panel meeting. Specifically, the labeling should describe the use of antiplatelet therapy in the clinical trials and suggest that use through one year may be beneficial per the published consensus guidelines. B. FDA's Post-Panel Action CDRH concurred with the Panel's recommendations of November 29, 2007. Abbott has developed a postapproval study proposal with FDA that addresses the Panel's first recommendation. Specifically, the XIENCE V USA study will evaluate clinical outcomes in a cohort of real world patients receiving the XIENCE V stent during commercial use by various physicians with a range of coronary stenting experience, evaluate patient compliance with adjunctive antiplatelet therapy and major bleeding complications, determine clinical device and procedural success during commercial use, and evaluate patient health status (symptoms, physical function, and quality of life) by the Seattle Angina Questionnaire. PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data
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-l1
At least 5000 patients will be consecutively enrolled at tip to 275 sites in the United States of America. The primary endpoint of the XIENCE V USA study is stent thrombosis rates annually through to 5 years as defined by Academic Researclh Consortium (ARC). The coprimary endpoint is a composite endpoint of cardiac death and any myocardial infarction (MI) at 1 year. Data will be analyzed separately for the patients enrolled in accordance with the labeled indication and collectively for all patients enrolled in the study. To address the Panel's second recommendation, Abbott has provided labeling that describes the use of dual antiplatelet therapy in the SPIRIT family of trials and further states that "Current guidelines recommend that patients receive aspirin indefinitely and that clopidogrel therapy be extended to 12 months in patients at low risk of bleeding (ref: ACC/AI- A/SCAI PCI Practice Guidelines)." Additionally, Abbott has agreed to conduct or participate in a study that will develop clinical data to identify the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous intervention with the XIENCF V drug-eluting stent.
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-72
approved drug-eluting stent with respect to clinical outcomes and superior with respect to angiographic results. XlV.
CI)RH DECISION
CDRI-I issued an approval order on July 2, 2008. The final conditions of approval cited in thle approval order are described below. 1. The applicant should collect and report to the Agency onl anl annual basis clinical outcomes through 5 years post-procedure onl at least 8000 of patients enrolled (excluding those discontinued due to death) from SPIRIT FIRST, SPIRIT II, SPIRIT III, and SP]IRIT IV. When appropriate or as requested by I-DA, thle applicant should submit PM4A supplements requesting approval to update your Instructions for Use (IFU) to include these data, 2. The applicant should collect clinical data on the implantation of the PMA-approved, commercially-distributed XIENCE Vproduct in the U.S. The trial should be statistically powered to evaluate the annual rates of stent thrombosis, and the rate of cardiac death plus myocardial infarction (MI) through five years in patients treated with the XIENCE V stent according to its labeled indications. These data are needed to evaluate whether the rate of stent thrombosis plateaus or increases over time, and to evaluate the impact of stent thrombosis on rates of cardiac death and Mi. These data are also needed to evaluate the potential for rare adverse events related to the drug substance and/or drug carrier that could not be detected in your initial clinical trials. The applicant should also collect additional data on clinical outcomes (including target lesion revascuflarization rates at 12 months post-implantation) associated with use of the XIENCE V 4.0 mm diameter stent to confirm the outcomes observed in the 4.0 mm Arm of the SPIRIT JIII trial. The applicant has proposed collecting these data from at least 5000 patients enrolled in the XIENCE V USA Postmarket Registry. FDA agrees that the registry protocol submitted in Supplement 97 of the applicant's Investigational Device Exemption (IDE), 0050050, with the planned modifications to the statistical analysis plan, is acceptable. Please provide progress reports at 6, 12, 18, and 24 months and annually thereafter through 5 years with data from the U.S. registry. When appropriate or as requested by FDA, the applicant should submit PMA supplements requesting approval to update the JFU to include these data. Please note that if subsequent data analyses identify areas of significant off-label use, the applicant should submit anl IDE to conduct an appropriate study to evaluate the off- label use. 31. The applicant should conduct or par-ticipate in a study that will develop clinical data to identify the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following percutaneous intervention with the XIENCF V drug-eluting stent. ihe issue of the optimal duration of dual antipiatelet therapy following PCI with PMA P070015: FDA Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data Page 65 of 67
drug-eluting stents (DES) remains a key question that has not been addressed by any clinical trials conducted to date on the Cordis Cypher DES, the Boston Scientific Taxus Express' DES, the Endeavor DES, or the XIENCE V DES. At the December 7 - 8, 2006 meeting ofIFDA's Circulatory System Devices Advisory Panel meeting on DES thrombosis, the Panel recommended that the labeling for all marketed DES include the then-current ACC/A}IA/SCAI guidelines for dual anti-platelet therapy, which specified that patients should receive aspirin indefinitely and clopidogrel for a minimumn of 3 or 6 months lbr the Cypher or Taxus stents, respectively, after implantation, with this duralion extended to 12 months in patients who are at low risk fbr bleeding complications. However, it is important to recognize that the current recommendation for an extended duration of clopidogrel use reflects a consensus opinion among experts within cardiovascular professional societies based on limited data, rather than on rigorous randomized clinical trials. Further, it is not clear that 12 months is the optimal maximum duration of a dual anti-platelet therapy. In fact, the ACC/AIIA/SCAI guidelines were recently revised to specify that patients with low bleeding risks should receive clopidogrel for at least 12 months post-procedure. While extending the duration of clopidogrel use may decrease the risk of very late stent thrombosis events, this strategy may also result in an increased risk for major bleeding complications and involves lifestyle modifications, such as deferral of surgical and dental procedures that may affect a patient's health and overall quality of life. Finally, it is known that stent thrombosis can occur in some individuals despite the continued use of dual antiplatelet therapy. With these considerations in mind, it is imperative that the risks and benefits of continued clopidogrel use be evaluated to determine with greater precision the optimal duration of dual anti-platelet therapy to ensure that these patients receive the best care possible. Based on the important public health impact of this information, as stated above, the applicant should collect clinical data to identify the optimal duration of dual antiplatelet therapy following PCI with the XIENCE V stent. Such an evaluation should encompass a consecutively enrolled patient population or utilize an approach to enroll patients representative of the actual use of your commercialized product. The applicant may wish to limit the investigation to the XIENCE V stent, or the study may involve pooling with other approved drug-eluting stents. The applicant may also choose to collect these data in a manner that would satisfy, wholly or in part, condition #2 above. When appropriate or as requested by FDA, the applicant should submit PMA supplements requesting approval to update the IFU to include these data. The applicant should submit a proposed plan to address this issue within six months of the date of this letter. As FDA views the investigation of the optimal duration of dual anti-platelet therapy as a DES class effect, we are requesting that manufacturers of other approved DES collect the same information.
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Pag 6 o 6
4. The applicant Should comply with the commitments made in Amendment I11 related to the implementation of updated final product testing methodologies. The applicant's manufacturing and sterilization facilities were inspected and found to be in compliance with the device Quality System (QS) regulations (21 CFR 820) and pharmaceutical current Good Manufacturing Practice (cGMP) regulations. XV. APPROVAL SPECIFI[CATIONS
Directions for Use: See product labe-ling. I azard to Health fromt Use of the Product: See Indications, Contraindications, Precautions, and Adverse Events in the labeling.Wangs Postapproval Requiremrents and Restrictions: See Approval Order. anns
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