Biology Notes
Biology Notes
Biology Notes
General Instructions:
1. All questions are compulsory.
2. Questions 1 to 15 carry one mark each.
3. Questions in 2 A and B carry one mark each.
4. Questions in 3 A carry one mark each and B carries 5 marks.
5. Question 4 A and B carries 5 marks each.
6. Questions in 5 A and B carry one mark each.
7. Questions in 6A and B carry one mark each.
8. Question 7 A and B carry five marks each.
Question 1
Choose the correct answer out of the four available choices given below each question. [15]
1. Which of the following are dividing tissues in case of plants?
(a) Meristematic tissue
(b) Parenchyma
(c) Sclerenchyma
(d) Collenchyma
7. Tannin is a _________.
(a) Human respiratory product
(b) Plant excretory product
(c) Human excretory product
(d) Plant respiratory product
8. Which of the following body areas are used for skin prick test?
(a) Hand
(b) Forearm and back
(c) Palm
(d) Shoulder
10. ___________ are dense connective tissues containing only fibroblasts and collagen
fibres.
(a) Bones
(b) Ligaments
(c) Tendons
(d) Cartilage
11. The fine branches given out from the cell body of a nerve cell are
(a) dendrites
(b) cyton
(c) axon
(d) neuron
12. Unicellular organisms with a proper nucleus belong to
(a) Protista
(b) Monera
(c) Fungi
(d) Algae
Question 2
A. Name the following. [5]
1. Tissue that transports water and minerals in plants.
2. Network of hyphae in fungi.
3. Muscles found only in the heart.
4. Another name for the brain box.
5. Substances that cause allergies.
B. Observe the given diagram and answer the following questions: [5]
Question 4
A. [5]
(a) Classify the following plants as monocots and dicots-
Rice, Pea, Grass, Brinjal.
(b) State any three points of differences between monocots and dicots.
Question 6
A. Explain movement in Amoeba and Paramoecium. [5]
Question 7
A. Answer the following.
1. What are the symptoms of food allergy? [2]
2. In which phylum is liverfluke placed? Why? [3]
Question 1
1. (a) Meristematic tissue. (Meristematic tissues are made up of actively dividing cells
which produce more cells leading to the growth of the plant body.)
2. (c) They provide mechanical strength. (Parenchyma cells are thin walled, round or
oval shaped, contain leucoplasts and store food. They are present in the stem, leaves
and flowers of the plant.)
3. (c) Pseudopodia. (Amoeba moves with the help of pseudopodia and the movement is
termed ‘amoeboid movement’.
4. (c) Skin covered with scales. (The skin of mammals is covered with hair.)
5. (a) Sea urchin. (The body of sea urchin is covered with spikes externally.)
6. (c) 38. (Aerobic respiration takes place in the presence of oxygen. 38 molecules of
ATP are formed along with the release of CO2.)
7. (b) Plant excretory product. (Tannin is an excretory product secreted by the tea
leaves or the barks of trees.)
8. (b) Forearm and back. (In skin-prick test, the common areas for testing include the
inside of the forearm and the back.)
9. (d) Muscles of the urinary bladder. (Muscles of the urinary bladder are unstriated or
smooth muscles which are not under the control of one’s will.)
10. (c) Tendons. (Tendons are in the form of tough parallel fibres of connective tissues
containing fibroblasts and collagen fibres which join muscles to the bones. )
11. (a) Dendrites. (The fine, elongated hair-like extensions from the cell body of a nerve
cell are called dendrites.)
12. (a) Protista. (Kingdom Protista includes single-celled or unicellular organisms with
a well developed nucleus, eg., Amoeba.)
13. (c) Earthworm. (Animals with jointed legs are called arthropods. The body of an
earthworm is composed of rings or segments.)
14. (a) Leaves. (Stomata are tiny openings found mainly on the lower surface of leaves.)
15. (a) Tissues. (Tissues collectively constitute an organ. Example: Connective tissue,
nerves and sensory cells together constitute the organ tongue.)
Please note that the information provided in brackets is to help you in your
learning. It does not have to be included in your answer.
Question 2
A.
1. Xylem
2. Mycelium
3. Cardiac muscles
4. Cranium
5. Allergens
B.
1. Histamine
2. Dendrites
3. Cristae
4. Bryophytes
5. Radial
Question 3
A.
Column A Column B
1. Sponge d. Porifera
2. Maize a. Monocot
3. Paramoecium e. Protista
4. Blood b. Corpuscles
5. Mitochondria c. Powerhouse of the cell
B.
(a) Leaf is covered with black strip so that some part of the leaf does not receive
sunlight.
(b) Aim of this experiment is to show that sunlight is necessary for photosynthesis.
(c) Yes, destarching of leaf is necessary before performing this experiment. During this
period, all the starch from leaves will be removed to the storage organs and the
leaves will not show the presence of starch. This ensures that any starch present
after the experiment has been formed under experimental conditions.
Question 4
A.
(a) Monocots - Rice, Grass
Dicots- Pea, Brinjal
(b) Differences between monocots and dicots:
Monocots Dicots
1. One cotyledon 1. Two cotyledons
2. Parallel venation 2. Reticulate venation
3. Fibrous roots 3. Tap roots
B.
Question 5
A.
1. Striated muscles are under the control of one’s will while unstriated muscles are not
under the control of one’s will.
2. The movement of materials in xylem is unidirectional, whereas the movement in
phloem is bidirectional.
3. Molluscs move with the help of a muscular foot while echinoderms move with the
help of tube feet.
4. Aerobic respiration releases 38 molecules of ATP, while anaerobic respiration
releases 2 molecules of ATP.
5. Cocci are spherical in shape, while bacilli are rod-shaped.
B.
1. Kidneys. (Kidney is a part of the excretory system, while trachea, bronchi and lungs
constitute the respiratory system.)
2. Reptilia. (Class Reptilia belongs to Phylum Vertebrata while Class Annelida,
Arthropoda and Nematoda belong to Phylum Invertebrata.)
3. Spirogyra. (Spirogyra is multicellular, while Euglena, Amoeba and Chlorella are
unicellular.)
4. Spinal cord. (The spinal cord belongs to the nervous system, while the pituitary,
thyroid and adrenal are glands and belong to the endocrine system.
5. Vulture. (A vulture can fly, while the penguin, ostrich and kiwi are all flightless
birds.)
Please note that the information provided in brackets is to help you in your
learning. It does not have to be included in your answer.
Question 6
A. Movement in amoeba:
Amoeba is unicellular, and does not have a definite shape.
In order to move, it thrusts out temporary finger-like projections called false-feet or
‘pseudopodia’ in the direction of movement.
The cellular contents are pushed forward into the pseudopodium.
Amoeba moves forward because of the flowing motion of the cytoplasm. It is often
referred to as amoeboid movement.
Movement in paramoecium:
Paramoecium has a slipper-shaped body with a flexible membrane called pellicle.
The pellicle is covered with short hair-like structures called cilia.
The cilia beat in an organised manner to propel the organism through water.
During its movement, the organism rotates in a spiral path.
It moves forward or backward depending on the direction in which the cilia beat.
It can also crawl on its oral side using the cilia as tiny legs.
B.
1. Classification: Grouping organisms together on the basis of certain common
features is called classification.
2. Binary fission: Binary fission is a method of asexual reproduction in which a
single parent organism splits to give rise to two identical daughter organisms.
3. Vertebrates: Animals with a backbone or a vertebral column are called
vertebrates.
4. Photosynthesis: The process of synthesising food using water from the soil and
carbon dioxide from the air together with chlorophyll and sunlight is called
photosynthesis.
5. Sensory nerve: Sensory nerve contains only sensory fibres which bring
impulses from the sense organs to the brain or the spinal cord.
Question 7
A.
1. Symptoms of food allergy:
Abdominal pain
Bloating
Vomiting
Diarrhoea
Itchy skin
Swelling of the skin
2. The plant will not remain healthy for a long time because:
It would not get oxygen for respiration.
It would not get carbon dioxide to carry out photosynthesis.
The upward movement of water and minerals would be hampered due to lack of
transpiration.