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    Vibr 5

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    pirqayum1
    Vibration5

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    Vibr 5

    Uploaded by

    pirqayum1
    1 views1 page
    Vibration5

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    Vibr5

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    Vibration5

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    1 views1 page

    Vibr 5

    Uploaded by

    pirqayum1
    Vibration5

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as docx, pdf, or txt
    of 1

    Free vibration with damping

    Mass–spring–damper model
    When a "viscous" damper is added to the model this outputs a force that is proportional
    to the velocity of the mass. The damping is called viscous because it models the effects
    of a fluid within an object. The proportionality constant c is called the damping
    coefficient and has units of Force over velocity (lbf⋅s/in or N⋅s/m).

    Summing the forces on the mass results in the following ordinary differential
    equation:

    The solution to this equation depends on the amount of damping. If the damping
    is small enough, the system still vibrates—but eventually, over time, stops
    vibrating. This case is called underdamping, which is important in vibration
    analysis. If damping is increased just to the point where the system no longer
    oscillates, the system has reached the point of critical damping. If the damping is
    increased past critical damping, the system is overdamped. The value that the
    damping coefficient must reach for critical damping in the mass-spring-damper
    model is:

    To characterize the amount of damping in a system a ratio called


    the damping ratio (also known as damping factor and % critical damping) is
    used. This damping ratio is just a ratio of the actual damping over the amount
    of damping required to reach critical damping. The formula for the damping
    ratio () of the mass-spring-damper model is:

    For example, metal structures (e.g., airplane fuselages, engine


    crankshafts) have damping factors less than 0.05, while automotive
    suspensions are in the range of 0.2–0.3. The solution to
    the underdamped system for the mass-spring-damper model is the
    following:

    Free vibration with 0.1 and 0.3 damping ratio


    The value of X, the initial magnitude, and the phase shift, are
    determined by the amount the spring is stretched. The formulas for
    these values can be found in the references.

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