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    Bug Life Cycle

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    anil
    Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. The bug should go through the life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized.

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    Bug Life Cycle

    Uploaded by

    anil
    75 views3 pages
    Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. The bug should go through the life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized.

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    © Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)

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    Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. The bug should go through the life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    75 views3 pages

    Bug Life Cycle

    Uploaded by

    anil
    Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. The bug should go through the life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as doc, pdf, or txt
    of 3

    1

    Bug Life Cycle & Guidelines


    Introduction:

    Bug can be defined as the abnormal behavior of the software. No software exists without a
    bug. The elimination of bugs from the software depends upon the efficiency of testing done
    on the software. A bug is a specific concern about the quality of the Application under Test
    (AUT).

    Bug Life Cycle:

    In software development process, the bug has a life cycle. The bug should go through the
    life cycle to be closed. A specific life cycle ensures that the process is standardized. The bug
    attains different states in the life cycle. The life cycle of the bug can be shown
    diagrammatically as follows:

    The different states of a bug can be summarized as follows:

    1. New
    2. Open
    3. Assign
    4. Test
    5. Verified
    6. Deferred
    7. Reopened
    8. Duplicate
    9. Rejected and
    10. Closed

    Description of Various Stages:

    1. New: When the bug is posted for the first time, its state will be “NEW”. This means that
    the bug is not yet approved.
    2
    2. Open: After a tester has posted a bug, the lead of the tester approves that the bug is
    genuine and he changes the state as “OPEN”.

    3. Assign: Once the lead changes the state as “OPEN”, he assigns the bug to corresponding
    developer or developer team. The state of the bug now is changed to “ASSIGN”.

    4. Test: Once the developer fixes the bug, he has to assign the bug to the testing team for
    next round of testing. Before he releases the software with bug fixed, he changes the state
    of bug to “TEST”. It specifies that the bug has been fixed and is released to testing team.

    5. Deferred: The bug, changed to deferred state means the bug is expected to be fixed in
    next releases. The reasons for changing the bug to this state have many factors. Some of
    them are priority of the bug may be low, lack of time for the release or the bug may not
    have major effect on the software.

    6. Rejected: If the developer feels that the bug is not genuine, he rejects the bug. Then
    the state of the bug is changed to “REJECTED”.

    7. Duplicate: If the bug is repeated twice or the two bugs mention the same concept of the
    bug, then one bug status is changed to “DUPLICATE”.

    8. Verified: Once the bug is fixed and the status is changed to “TEST”, the tester tests the
    bug. If the bug is not present in the software, he approves that the bug is fixed and changes
    the status to “VERIFIED”.

    9. Reopened: If the bug still exists even after the bug is fixed by the developer, the tester
    changes the status to “REOPENED”. The bug traverses the life cycle once again.

    10. Closed: Once the bug is fixed, it is tested by the tester. If the tester feels that the bug
    no longer exists in the software, he changes the status of the bug to “CLOSED”. This state
    means that the bug is fixed, tested and approved.

    While defect prevention is much more effective and efficient in reducing the number of
    defects, most organization conducts defect discovery and removal. Discovering and
    removing defects is an expensive and inefficient process. It is much more efficient for an
    organization to conduct activities that prevent defects.

    Guidelines on deciding the Severity of Bug:

    Indicate the impact each defect has on testing efforts or users and administrators of the
    application under test. This information is used by developers and management as the
    basis for assigning priority of work on defects.

    A sample guideline for assignment of Priority Levels during the product test phase includes:

    1. Critical / Show Stopper — An item that prevents further testing of the product or
    function under test can be classified as Critical Bug. No workaround is possible for
    such bugs. Examples of this include a missing menu option or security permission
    required to access a function under test.
    .
    2. Major / High — A defect that does not function as expected/designed or cause
    other functionality to fail to meet requirements can be classified as Major Bug. The
    workaround can be provided for such bugs. Examples of this include inaccurate
    calculations; the wrong field being updated, etc.
    .
    3
    3. Average / Medium — The defects which do not conform to standards and
    conventions can be classified as Medium Bugs. Easy workarounds exists to achieve
    functionality objectives. Examples include matching visual and text links that lead to
    different end points.
    .
    4. Minor / Low — Cosmetic defects which does not affect the functionality of the
    system can be classified as Minor Bugs.

    Guidelines on writing Bug Description:

    Bug can be expressed as “Result followed by the action”. That means, the unexpected
    behavior occurring when a particular action takes place can be given as bug description.

    1. Be specific. State the expected behavior which did not occur - such as after pop-up
    did not appear and the behavior which occurred instead.
    2. Use present tense.
    3. Don’t use unnecessary words.
    4. Don’t add exclamation points. End sentences with a period.
    5. DON’T USE ALL CAPS. Format words in upper and lower case (mixed case).
    6. Mention steps to reproduce the bug compulsorily.

    ________________________________________________________

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