Units 4-6

Vocabulary
1 Complete the sentences with the prepositions below.
on by off over out up back
1 Overfishing is wiping __________ the fish populations in our oceans.

2 My car runs __________ biodiesel.
3 Some families have to get __________ on very little money.
4 Sorry we’re late. We got held __________ in traffic.
5 We’re trying to cut __________ on the amount of plastic we throw away.
6 Harry’s dropping the kids __________ at school today.
7 He’s been sick, but now he’s getting __________ it.
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2 Complete the sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.
1 ‘Are those vegetables __________ (home)?’
‘No. We bought them in the market.’
2 We avoid all __________ (gene) modified foods and only eat organic.
3 Be careful. The leaves of those plants are __________ (poison) to humans.
4 If the flight is delayed, we’ll miss our __________ (connect).
5 I’m not sure the water’s __________ (drink). You should boil it first.
6 The workers get very little money for their work. They’re __________ (paid).
7 There’s a lovely __________ (coast) walk with beautiful sea views.
8 That pop star is totally __________ (rated). I don’t understand why anyone likes him.
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Grammar
3 Complete the sentences using the Present perfect or Present perfect continuous, and for, since
or how long.
1 I __________________________ (know) Ben __________ we were at school together.
2 The police __________________________ (look for) the gang leader __________ years.
3 __________________________ (you/have) your phone?
4 We __________________________ (not see) each other __________ ages.
5 It __________________________ (rain) __________ 2 hours.
6 I __________________________ (not phone) home __________ January.
7 __________________________ (you/learn) to play the guitar?
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4 Complete with a, an, the or – (no article).
Hi James,
I am in 1__________ Nepal for the summer, and I just got
2
__________ interesting job as 3__________ guide in
4
__________ mountains.
It’s so exciting. I can see 5__________ Mt Everest from my
bedroom! It must be 6__________ best job in 7__________ world.
You should visit.
Write soon,
Emma
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5 Choose the best alternative.
1 A What time will the flight leave/is the flight leaving/does the flight leave?
B 8.30. I will buy/buy/am going to buy a magazine for the journey.
2 A What do you think the weather will have been/will be/is being like today?
B There’s not a cloud in sight, so it won’t have rained/isn’t going to rain/doesn’t rain.
3 A Will Ann have come/Is Ann coming/Does Ann come to the party?
B Yes. As soon as she is finishing/will finish/has finished her project.
4 A What do you think your life will be/is/will be being like when you’re 40 years old?
B I think I will make/will have made/am making lots of money by the time I’m 40.
5 A My train arrives/will have arrived/is arriving at 6.
B OK. I will have waited/will be waiting/am waiting on the platform.
6 A After we are having/will have/have had dinner, will we be watching/shall we watch/are we
watching a film?
B Yes. That’s a good idea.
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6 Complete the second sentence using the correct passive form and/or have/get something done.
1 You can see the ocean from the balcony.
The ocean _____________ from the balcony.
2 She told us not to be late.
We _____________ late.
3 Someone is doing my nails this afternoon.
I _____________ this afternoon.
4 The council might not build a school here.
A school _____________ the council here.
5 Was he growing vegetables in the garden?
_____________ in the garden?
6 The mechanic won’t repair my car until next week.
I _____________ until next week.
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Reading and Use of English

7 Multiple-choice cloze. Read the text and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap.
The Kuranda Scenic Railway
I am about to take a train 1__________ from the Pacific coast of Australia to the village of
Kuranda, high up in the mountains. It has some of the most 2__________ views in the world.
It passes by stunning waterfalls and through 3__________, tropical rainforest. The railway
has been in use 4__________ the late 19th century. Although it is only 75 km long, its
construction was 5__________ out over 10 year period by men using only hand tools and
through very difficult country. In the past, the railway supported the workers in Kuranda, but
these days it is mainly used by 6__________ tourists like me. I talk to another excited tourist
on the platform in Cairns as we wait for the train. ‘It won’t be very comfortable on
7
__________, but the views will be amazing,’ she says. ‘I’m going to take thousands of
pictures
8
__________ we’ve got on the train.’
1 A trip B journey C travel D voyage

2 A vital B regional C furious D gorgeous
3 A lush B temperate C arid D recycled
4 A for B since C ago D in
5 A built B worked C carried D set
6 Aa B an C the D – (no article)
7 A boar B train C platform D abroad
8 A until B while C before D after
/8
8 Word formation. Read the text and use the word in brackets to form a word that fits in each gap.
Zoos: good or bad?
The first public zoos didn’t become popular until the 19th century. Crowds were entertained by fantastic
and 1__________ (MYSTERY) creatures such as elephants and tigers that they had only ever seen in
their imagination. Animals were not always looked after well, and often had to live in small,
2
__________ (FILTH) spaces. These days, zoos have a more 3__________ (EDUCATION) purpose,
and the highly 4__________ (SKILL) staff look after the needs of the animals better. However, many
people disagree with keeping these 5__________ (REMARK) animals locked up. They believe wild
animals should be allowed to live in their 6__________ (NATURE) environments. But supporters say
that the situation is more complicated, and these areas become smaller and smaller as cities grow.
The real issue is that the world is 7__________ (CROWD) by humans who need more space. They
say zoos protect 8__________ (WILD) that is dying out, and in the future they may be the only place
where some animals exist.
/8
9 Open cloze. Read the text and write the word which best fits each gap. Use one word in each
gap.
Oil threat to Ice Age world
Scientists have discovered a large area of the ocean that 1__________ not changed since the last Ice
Age. The area of deep water near the Shetland Islands of Scotland 2__________ discovered last month
3
__________ university researchers. It contains many life forms that are new to science including
4
__________ giant sea spider. Apparently, the temperature of 5__________ water remains a little below
zero degrees, but it never freezes because it is extremely salty. Deep marks were also found in the
seabed that icebergs caused after they had broken away from Scotland during the Ice Age.
Environmentalists, however, are concerned that the area lies near rich oil deposits, and it will not be long
__________ multinational oil companies start exploring the area. ‘Although it has remained untouched
6
__________ thousands of years, it could be destroyed in a moment. We’re 8__________ to do

7
everything we can to protect it,’ said a spokesperson.
/8
10 Key word transformation. Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the
first sentence. Use between two and five words, including the word given.
1 They moved to Milan in 2013. LIVED
They __________________________ 2013.
2 We are going to announce the winner later. ANNOUNCED
The winner __________________________ later.
3 First, we’ll meet Jon; then we’ll have lunch. HAVE
As __________________________ Jon, we will have lunch.
4 Sal started reading 2 hours ago. BEEN
Sal __________________________ 2 hours.
5 I’m going to take my phone to be repaired. HAVE
I’m __________________________ repaired.
6 The police are investigating the crime. BY
The crime __________________________ the police.
7 Let’s take Nick home and then go to the beach. BEFORE
Shall we drop __________________________ we go to the beach?0
8 It will be dark when we get to the beach. SET
By the time we get to the beach, the sun __________________________ already.
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Total /100

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Vocabulary

1 Complete the sentences with the prepositions below.

on by off over out up back

1 Overfishing is wiping __________ the fish populations in our oceans.

4 Complete with a, an, the or – (no article).

Reading and Use of English

1 A trip B journey C travel D voyage

thousands of years, it could be destroyed in a moment. We’re 8 to do

everything we can to protect it,’ said a spokesperson.

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